诗经_英语介绍

第一篇：诗经_英语介绍

Introduction to The Book of Songs As the first collection of poems in china, The Book of Songs(or another kind of translation —shī jīng)recorded a total of 305 poems created over a period of 500 years or so, from the early Western Zhou Dynasty(西周)to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period.It had a history as long as two thousand and five hundred years.Generally believed that agriculture began and developed in the Zhou Dynasty.And in the Book of Songs, a lot of proms are about farming activities.In the other hand, The Book of Songs is closely related to ancient musical activities and dancing.So some take it as the first written music book of ancient China.The more ancient a poem in the Book of Songs is, the closer relation between it and official/ sacrificial（祭祀）music.Later poems of the Book of Songs are folk songs.Unfortunately after 5th century B.C., the original music scores（乐谱）were completely lost.The book later became one of the six classics ：（《诗经》《尚书》《仪礼》《乐经》《周易》《春秋》)of the Confucian school(儒学);And also the fountainhead(源头)of Chinese literature.Generally the Book of Songs would be pided into 3 sections: Folk Songs, Odes[əʊdz], and Hymns[him].And Hymns[him] is pided into Greater Odes & Lesser Odes).Introduction—Folk Songs

•Songs NO.1-160.•Contains 15 groups of songs with folk features, from 15 geographical areas(地理区域）.•These folk songs are Rich in content, dealing with labor, love affairs, marriage, hardships of the unprivileged(弱势群体）, and protests against tyranny(暴政)and war.Introduction—Odes

•In total 105 poems, NO.161-265.•Some poems overlap with the Folk Song in folk attributes, and others composed for banquets and feasts(宴会和节日).•2 kinds: Greater Odes大雅, Lesser Odes小雅.Introduction—Hymns

•No.266-305 •It is pided into the Zhou hymns(周颂), Lu hymns(鲁颂), and Shang hymns(商颂), i.e., hymns from different dynasties(王朝), and the home state of Confucius.•Most of these are formal, ritual hymns that praise the ancestors envisioned(展望), in the rites(仪式).Introduction

•Totally the subject matter of the poems varies greatly from one section to another.•While in the presentation of theme the tone may be positive or censuring, the later editor of the book, Confucius(孔子), commented that the poems could be described as “Having no depraved thoughts(思无邪)”.Style of the Book of Songs

•In general, straightforward and natural.•Typical of ancient literature: the immediacy(直接反映)of imagery and persuasive musical quality.•The poems are rich in metaphors(隐喻)and similes(明喻), both direct(兴)and indirect(比), as well as narrative displays(赋).Style of the Book of Songs

•The majority of the poems were composed spontaneously(自发地)before specific audiences.•Poems: no title, usually the first two Chinese characters will be used as the title.•Poets: anonymous(匿名的)except three.The Book of Songs: Guan Ju(关雎)•The most famous and well-known poem in Shijing.•The Ode celebrates the virtue of the bride of King Wen of Zhou Dynasty(周文王).•His name in Chinese is literally synonymous with “culture”(文)or “civilization.” He is remembered for his piety towards the gods and ancestors, and his concern for the well-being of the people.Book of Songs: “Rats”

•Strong criticism of the situation at that time.•Being a farmer, one has to work very hard for survival but officials are like big rats eating their production.Influence of the Book of Songs •The Book of Songs occupies an important place in the history of Chinese literature.•The Book of Songs has exerted a profound influence upon the entire course of the development of Chinese poetry.Thank You!

第二篇：诗经有关知识专题介绍详解

《诗经》两首

《氓》导学案

班级：

姓名：

学习目标：

1．分析把握诗中个性鲜明的人物形象，体会女人主人公情感的变化。2．探究悲剧产生的原因，初步培养正确的爱情观。

自主学习：

第一课时

一、掌握文学常识：

①《诗经》是我国最早的一部__________，原本只称《 》，共收录从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌305篇，所以又称。《诗经》也是我国________主义诗歌的源头，它首创的比兴艺术手法和写实传统对后世文学产生了深远影响。

②《诗经》按其表现内容可分为“ ” “ ” “ ” 三部分，按表现手法可分为“ ” “ ” “ ” 三类，这六要素合称为《诗经》的六义。

③《诗经》自汉代被奉为儒家经典。儒家奉有“四书”“五经”，“四书”是指《 》《 》 《 》 《 》 “五经”是指《 》 《 》 《 》 《 》 《 》。

二、朗读课文，认清字形，读准字音，给下列加点的字注音。

氓（）之蚩蚩（）将子无怒（）匪我愆期（）．．．．．乘彼垝垣（）（）载笑载言（）尔卜尔筮（）．．．．体无咎言（）以我贿迁（）无与士耽（）．．．自我徂尔（）淇水汤汤（）渐（）车帏裳（）．．．．．咥其笑矣（）隰则有泮（）．．

三、再读课文，结合课文下面的注释以及工具书，疏通理解全诗：

1．找出下列句子中的通假字，并解释意义。

①匪来贸丝：____通___（）②将子无怒；___通___（）③于嗟鸠兮：____通___（）④犹可说兮：___通___（）⑤隰则有泮：___ 通___（）

2．重要字词解释。氓： 来即我谋： ．．至于顿丘： 将子无怒： ．．．秋以为期： 以我贿迁： ．．．无与士耽： 女也不爽： ．．靡室劳矣： 言既遂矣： ．． 1

静言思之： 总角之宴： ．．

四、理顺思路：

1、按表达方式分，这是首什么诗？按第几人称叙事？采用了什么手法？

2、讨论本诗思路情节是怎样的？这首诗叙述了一个怎样的故事？

五、学习诗歌内容：

（一）学习“恋爱”部分（第一、二章）：

1、男女主人公在恋爱中有怎样的表现？

2、从中可看出他们怎样的性格？

3、用一两个词概括这段恋爱的特点。（这一段的感情基调如何）

六、课堂小结：

第二课时

一、学生齐读诗歌：

二、学生自主、合作学习诗歌内容：

（一）、学习“婚变”部分（三四五章）：

1、学生朗读后，思考：开头几句用了什么艺术手法？试举例说明。

2、文中的比兴有何特点？ 第三章在全文中起什么作用？

3、结合三四五章考虑，女主人公用抒情兼议论的方法回顾了自己几年的婚姻生活及自己婚姻失败的原因，她的思想感情如何？

（二）、学习“决绝”部分（六章）：

1、自由朗读，注意感情基调：悔恨但不哀伤。

2、女主人公最后做出怎样的选择？ 从诗中可以看出主人公什么样的性格特点？论，教师加以总结）

三、如何看待诗中男女主人公的爱情悲剧。

四、从文化视角体会当时的风土人情。进行今昔对比，体会人物的特点。

五、课后作业：

熟读背诵《氓》。

六、课后感悟：

（学生自由讨4

古代婚礼

《五礼通考》曾说，自后齐以来，不管天子庶民，婚礼“一曰纳采，二问名，三曰纳吉，四曰纳征，五曰请期，六曰亲迎。”

这就是古代婚礼所分的六个阶段，俗称“六礼”。分述如次：

一、纳采：这是议婚的第一阶段，男方请媒提亲后，女方同意议婚，男方备礼去女家求婚，礼物是雁，雁一律要活的。为何用雁?雁为候鸟，取象征顺乎阴阳之意，后来又发展了新意，说雁失配偶，终生不再成双，取其忠贞。

二、问名：是求婚后，托媒人请问女方出生年月日和姓名，准备合婚的仪式。

三、纳吉：是把问名后占卜合婚的好消息再通知女方的仪礼。又叫“订盟”。这是订婚阶段的主要仪礼。古俗，照例要用雁，作为婚事已定的信物。后发展到用戒指、首饰、彩绸、礼饼、礼香烛、甚至羊猪等，故又称送定或定聘。

四、纳征：是订盟后，男家将聘礼送往女家，是成婚阶段的仪礼。这项成婚礼又俗称完聘或大聘、过大礼等。后来，这项仪式还采取了回礼的做法，将聘礼中食品的一部或全部退还；或受聘后，将女家赠男方的衣帽鞋袜作为回礼。聘礼的多少及物品名称多取吉祥如意的含意，数目取双忌单。

五、请期：送完聘礼后，选择结婚日期，备礼到女家，征得同意时的仪式。古俗照例用雁，礼品一般从简，请期礼往往和过聘礼结合起来，随过大礼同时决定婚期。

六、亲迎：就是新婿亲往女家迎聚的仪式。这项仪礼往往被看做婚礼的主要程序，而前五项则当成议婚、订婚等过渡性礼仪。这些形式中有一部分出于社交关系的需要，如女家的“添妆”，到男家时的“开揖”、“闹洞房”等，都是确立社会关系的仪礼。纯属亲迎部分的仪式，一般用花轿，分双顶或单顶，扶亲妇上轿的“送亲嫂”，陪新郎至女家接人的“迎亲客”，都各有要求，起轿、回车马、迎轿、下轿、祭拜天地、行合欢礼、入洞房……每一过程又都有几种到十几种形式，大多表示祝吉驱邪。亲迎的季节，一般选在春天，州以农立，适逢农闲，丰收为是，正好婚配。

婚嫁“六礼”过后，进入过渡期，新妇回娘家的“归宁”，一直到新妇进入育产期，第二代再行诞生礼。从此，婚礼只作为一种家庆纪念日，按周年庆贺(满一个“花甲”举行隆重庆贺仪式，叫办重婚酒)，年年值庆，直至终年。在国外，结婚二十五年做银婚礼。结婚五十年做金婚礼。这些都是婚礼的追忆仪式了

《氓》导学案

班级：

姓名：

学习目标：

1．掌握《诗经》的相关常识。2．结合注释理解诗歌内容。

3．分析把握诗中个性鲜明的人物形象，体会女人主人公情感的变化。4．探究悲剧产生的原因，初步培养正确的爱情观。自主学习：

一、掌握文学常识：

①《诗经》是我国最早的一部诗歌总集，原本只称《诗》，共收录从西周初年到春秋中叶的诗歌305篇，所以又称《诗三百》。《诗经》也是我国_现实_主义诗歌的源头，（《楚辞》开创了我国浪漫主义诗歌源头）它首创的比兴艺术手法和写实传统对后世文学产生了深远影响。②《诗经》按其表现内容可分为“风” “雅” “颂” 三部分，按表现手法可分为“赋” “比” “兴” 三类，这六要素合称为《诗经》的六义。

③《诗经》自汉代被奉为儒家经典。儒家奉有“四书”“五经”，“四书”是指《论语》《孟子》 《大学》 《中庸》，“五经”是指《诗经》 《尚书》 《礼记》 《周易》 《春秋》。

二、朗读课文，认清字形，读准字音，给下列加点的字注音。氓（méng）之蚩蚩（chīchī）将子无怒（qiāng）．．．．匪我愆期（qiān）乘彼垝垣（guǐ yuán）．．．载笑载言（zài）尔卜尔筮（shì）体无咎言（jiù）以我贿迁（huì）．．．．无与士耽（dān）自我徂尔（cú）．．淇水汤汤（qí shāng）渐（jiān）车帏裳（cháng）．．．．咥其笑矣（xì）隰则有泮（xí pàn）．．

三、再读课文，结合课文下面的注释以及工具书，疏通理解全诗。1．找出下列句子中的通假字，并解释意义。①匪来贸丝：__匪__通 非（不是）②将子无怒； 无 通_勿_（不要）③于嗟鸠兮：_于___通_吁_（唉）

④犹可说兮：说 通 脱(解脱，脱身)⑤隰则有泮：_泮 _ 通_畔_（边岸）2．重要字词解释。

氓：那个人 来即我谋：就 ．．至于顿丘：直送到 将子无怒：愿、请 ．．．秋以为期：把……作为 以我贿迁：财物 ．．．无与士耽：沉溺 女也不爽：过错 ．．靡室劳矣：无、没有 言既遂矣：助词、没实在意义 ．．静言思之：助词、没实在意义 总角之宴：快乐 ．．

四、理顺思路：

1、按表达方式分这是首什么诗？按第几人称叙事？采用了什么手法？ 明确：叙事诗。第一人称。对比。用第一人称“我”回忆追述婚恋生活。

2、讨论本诗思路情节是怎样的？这首诗叙述了一个怎样的故事？ 诗歌共六章，按“恋爱——婚变——决绝”这样的思路叙述。恋爱（第一二章）—— 热情、幸福

婚变（第三四五章）—— 怨恨、沉痛 决绝（第六章）—— 清醒、刚烈

《氓》是一首叙事诗，以第一人称的口吻叙述了女主人公与“氓”从初恋、结婚到被遗弃的痛苦经历，表达了她怨恨的感情和决绝的态度，塑造了一个勤劳、温柔、坚强的女性形象，故事完整。

五、诗歌内容学习

（一）学习“恋爱”部分（第一、二章）

1、男女主人公在恋爱中有怎样的表现？ 氓：求--怒--卜--娶 我：送--劝--盼--嫁

2、从中可看出他们怎样的性格？

女主人公：温柔多情，善解人意，天真活泼，真诚热烈，传统，痴情

氓：忠厚老实，急躁，热情，向往，任性（没有男子汉的胸怀，不大度），表里不一（尔卜尔蓍说明他刚开始对婚姻的态度很郑重其事，认真。“氓”从“蚩蚩”到“暴矣”，这种婚前婚后明显的态度变化，暴露出他卑劣的人格。）

第二章绘声绘色地描述了热恋中少女的心理及表现，可见其用情之深，思念之诚。恋爱中的姑娘是那样的天真活泼热烈。

“尔卜”句，神灵显示是一段天赐良缘。“以我贿迁”，娘家以丰厚的嫁妆祝佑着女儿的幸福，姑娘带着对幸福生活的憧憬嫁给了男青年。

一开始很温柔,后来发现男主角的真实面貌则表现出刚毅勇敢的一面 决然与男子分手,从顺服走向了反抗.3、用一两个词概括这段恋爱的特点。（这一段的感情基调如何）热情、幸福。（恋爱自由，婚姻自主）

六、课堂小结：

第二课时

一、学生齐读诗歌

二、学生自主、合作学习诗歌内容

（一）、学习“婚变”部分（三四五章）

1、学生朗读后，思考：开头几句用了什么艺术手法？试举例说明。

[明确]比兴，“桑之未落，其叶沃若” “桑之落矣，其黄而陨”。2文中的比兴有何特点？第三章在全文中起什么作用？

[明确] 第三章，前四句“桑之未落，其叶沃若。于嗟鸠兮，无食桑葚。”又桑叶鲜嫩，不要贪吃桑葚。这与后面六句劝说“于嗟女兮，无与士耽”形成对照，诗意是相连的。

第四章，前四句“桑之落矣，其黄而陨”，叶由嫩绿变为枯黄，这与士“信誓旦旦”变为“士贰其行”相对照，含有隐喻。

第三四章起兴的诗句，用自然现象来对照女主人公恋爱生活的变化，由起兴的诗句引出表达感情生活的诗句，激发读者联想，增强意蕴，产生形象鲜明、诗意盎然的艺术效果。有人认为，用桑叶嫩绿而枯黄来比喻恋爱生活由幸福而至痛苦，这种兴兼有比的特点，更富有艺术魅力。

第三章的作用，由前两章的叙事转入这一节的抒情和议论，在读者心理上造成了明显的停顿 7

和隔离，暗示着女主人公悲惨命运已经开始。

3、结合三四五章考虑，女主人公用抒情兼议论的方法回顾了自己几年的婚姻生活及自己婚姻失败的原因，她的思想感情如何？ 悔恨、沉痛、但是不哀伤。◆集体朗读这部分。

（二）、学习“决绝”部分（六章）

1、自由朗读，注意感情基调：悔恨但不哀伤。

2、提问：女主人公最后做出怎样的选择？从诗中可以看出主人公什么样的性格特点？（教师强调概括人物性格特点，要从课文出发。学生自由讨论，教师加以总结）[明确] “反是不思，亦已焉哉！”反映其清醒 刚烈的性格特征。

特点：勤劳 温柔 善良 坚强

三、如何看待诗中男女主人公的爱情悲剧。

观点一：他们的悲剧具有一定的必然性和普遍性。这是由社会因素决定。在男权社会中，女性在经济上、政治上都处于附属地位，她们的生活天地都很狭小，生活得幸福与否都维系在丈夫身上，如果遇上一个对家庭、对感情不负责任的丈夫，那她的悲剧是难以避免。观点二：男女女主人公的爱情悲剧虽有它的社会原因，但人物自身的性格特点也是不可忽略的。从他们的恋爱过程看，两人虽是自由恋爱，但女主人对男主人公缺乏必要的了解，被他忠厚的表象所蒙蔽，轻率地答应了他，种下了日后悲剧的种子。

《氓》导学案

班级：

姓名：

学习时间：

第三课时 诗经有关知识专题介绍

1、从文化视角体会当时的风土人情。进行今昔对比，体会人物的特点。

明确：“抱布贸丝”原始的物物交换，造成了人与人之间交流范围的狭窄，经济基础决定上层建筑，在精神领域的道德方面，尤其爱情观方面，少了更宽泛的选择范围，他和她上演了悲剧。她：温柔体贴，情意绵绵，嫁作他妇，任劳任怨，遭受暴虐，失望决绝。他：喜请良媒，娶她为妇，感情变换，虐待其妻。

2、有关“六礼”介绍

古代婚礼

《五礼通考》曾说，自后齐以来，不管天子庶民，婚礼“一曰纳采，二问名，三曰纳吉，四曰纳征，五曰请期，六曰亲迎。”

这就是古代婚礼所分的六个阶段，俗称“六礼”。分述如次：

一、纳采：这是议婚的第一阶段，男方请媒提亲后，女方同意议婚，男方备礼去女家求婚，礼物是雁，雁一律要活的。为何用雁?雁为候鸟，取象征顺乎阴阳之意，后来又发展了新意，说雁失配偶，终生不再成双，取其忠贞。

二、问名：是求婚后，托媒人请问女方出生年月日和姓名，准备合婚的仪式。

三、纳吉：是把问名后占卜合婚的好消息再通知女方的仪礼。又叫“订盟”。这是订婚阶段的主要仪礼。古俗，照例要用雁，作为婚事已定的信物。后发展到用戒指、首饰、彩绸、礼饼、礼香烛、甚至羊猪等，故又称送定或定聘。

四、纳征：是订盟后，男家将聘礼送往女家，是成婚阶段的仪礼。这项成婚礼又俗称完聘或大聘、过大礼等。后来，这项仪式还采取了回礼的做法，将聘礼中食品的一部或全部退还；或受聘后，将女家赠男方的衣帽鞋袜作为回礼。聘礼的多少及物品名称多取吉祥如意的含意，数目取双忌单。

五、请期：送完聘礼后，选择结婚日期，备礼到女家，征得同意时的仪式。古俗照例用雁，礼品一般从简，请期礼往往和过聘礼结合起来，随过大礼同时决定婚期。

六、亲迎：就是新婿亲往女家迎聚的仪式。这项仪礼往往被看做婚礼的主要程序，而前五项则当成议婚、订婚等过渡性礼仪。这些形式中有一部分出于社交关系的需要，如女家的“添妆”，9

到男家时的“开揖”、“闹洞房”等，都是确立社会关系的仪礼。纯属亲迎部分的仪式，一般用花轿，分双顶或单顶，扶亲妇上轿的“送亲嫂”，陪新郎至女家接人的“迎亲客”，都各有要求，起轿、回车马、迎轿、下轿、祭拜天地、行合欢礼、入洞房……每一过程又都有几种到十几种形式，大多表示祝吉驱邪。亲迎的季节，一般选在春天，州以农立，适逢农闲，丰收为是，正好婚配。

婚嫁“六礼”过后，进入过渡期，新妇回娘家的“归宁”，一直到新妇进入育产期，第二代再行诞生礼。从此，婚礼只作为一种家庆纪念日，按周年庆贺(满一个“花甲”举行隆重庆贺仪式，叫办重婚酒)，年年值庆，直至终年。在国外，结婚二十五年做银婚礼。结婚五十年做金婚礼。这些都是婚礼的追忆仪式了。

3、《秦风·无衣》是《诗经》中最为著名的爱国主义诗篇，它是产生于秦地（今陕西中部和甘肃东南部）人民抗击西戎入侵者的军中战歌。在这种反侵略的战争中，秦国人民表现出英勇无畏的尚武精神，也创造了这首充满爱国主义激情的慷慨战歌。

《诗经·秦风·无衣》是《诗经》中的精品，《秦风》是秦地的民歌。

产生《秦风》的秦地，即如今的陕西中部、甘肃东部，秦人在商周时代与戎狄杂处，以养马闻名，以尚武著称。当时的秦人部落实行的是兵制，有点儿像是民兵制，平民成年男子平时耕种放牧，战时上战场就是战士，武器与军装由自己准备。这种兵制在北方的少数民族中一直在延续着，木兰的“东市买骏马，西市买鞍鞯，南市买辔头，北市买长鞭”，就是在自己置备装备。在当时，成年的秦人男子，是自己有战袍、戈矛的，只要发生战事，拿起来就可以上战场了。

《诗经·秦风·无衣》共有三节，后两节实际只是第一节的同义复唱。直译过来就是： “谁说我们贫穷，我们跟您一样也有战袍。要出兵打仗了，我们已经磨好了戈矛，君王啊，我们与您同仇敌忾，共同抗敌！”

这些话，只是平常的答话，可是写在纸上，便是一份言辞慷慨、情绪激昂的请战书，于是被秦人记录了下来，改写成了鼓舞斗志的歌。这份“请战书”表现的渴望战斗的热情，正好与当时秦人尚武的精神一致，用现代的话说是有广泛的社会意义，这是它得以流传的原因之一。诗的语言质朴无华，但情绪是发自内心的，所以有震撼人心的力度，这是其流传千古的另一原因。

第三篇：诗经10首(带介绍)

《诗经》里最美十首诗

孔子曰：诗三百，思无邪。不学诗，无以言，诗三百指的就是中国古代第一部诗歌总集《诗经》。《诗经》最初称《诗》，汉武帝始称《诗经》，收集了自西周初年到春秋中期各地的诗歌，诗的作者已无考，传由尹吉普采集，孔子编选。《诗经》共计311首诗，内容包括了爱情、战争、风俗、祭祀、动植物等等，下面让我们看看诗经最美的十首诗歌吧。

1.关雎

关关雎鸠，在河之洲。窈窕淑女，君子好逑。参差荇菜，左右流之。窈窕淑女，寤寐求之。求之不得，寤寐思服。悠哉悠哉，辗转反侧。参差荇菜，左右采之。窈窕淑女，琴瑟友之。参差荇菜，左右芼之。窈窕淑女，钟鼓乐之。《国风·周南·关雎》这首短小的诗篇，在中国文学史上占据着特殊的位置。《周南·关雎》是诗经的开篇之作，冠于诗三百之首，在中国文学史上占有特殊位置。《关雎》描写的是一位青年对女子一见倾心，而后朝思暮想，辗转反侧，渴望得到女子芳心的心理感受。本诗的起兴之妙正在于诗人情趣与自然景物浑然一体的契合，也即一直为人们所乐道的情景交融的艺术境界。全诗朗朗上口，韵律和谐悦耳，且刻画出朴实恋情和美丽如画的场景堪称为千古传诵名篇。

2.击鼓

击鼓其镗，踊跃用兵。土国城漕，我独南行。从孙子仲，平陈与宋。不我以归，忧心有忡。爰居爰处？爰丧其马？于以求之？于林之下。死生契阔，与子成说。执子之手，与子偕老。于嗟阔兮，不我活兮。于嗟洵兮，不我信兮。《击鼓》全诗采用赋的手法，叙述了战争过程中士兵不得回家和对心上人的思念。诗的第四章是流传千古的名句，可以看出作者在作战期间不时想起曾许下“执子之手，与子偕老”的誓言，想如今生死离别，天涯孤苦，不免流泪蒙眬，肝肠寸断！

3.木瓜

投我以木瓜，报之以琼琚。匪报也，永以为好也！投我以木桃，报之以琼瑶。匪报也，永以为好也！投我以木李，报之以琼玖。匪报也，永以为好也！

《木瓜》是先秦时期卫国的一首描述爱情的民歌，是通过赠答表达深厚情意的诗作，传诵极广。成语“投桃报李”便出自这里。礼尚往来是中华民族的传统美德，不止友人，恋人之间也是如此。礼物本身的价值已不重要，象征意义更加突出，以示两心相许，两情相悦。

4.羔裘

羔裘如濡，洵直且侯。彼其之子，舍命不渝。羔裘豹饰，孔武有力。彼其之子，邦之司直。羔裘晏兮，三英粲兮。彼其之子，邦之彦兮。

5.蒹葭

蒹葭苍苍，白露为霜。所谓伊人，在水一方。溯洄从之，道阻且长。溯游从之，宛在水中央。蒹葭萋萋，白露未晞。所谓伊人，在水之湄。溯洄从之，道阻且跻。溯游从之，宛在水中坻。蒹葭采采，白露未已。所谓伊人，在水之涘。溯洄从之，道阻且右。溯游从之，宛在水中沚。《蒹葭》是一首被古今人誉为：“情真景真，风神摇曳的绝唱”，是思心徘徊，百读而不厌之佳作。整首诗笔调含蓄委婉,给人一种朦胧的美感。诗中所述的秋水伊人，亦给人以可望不可即之感，然而却始终使人存有希望。正因为这一份朦胧与期盼，诗人对“伊人”的那种向往、思恋和追求才更为显得强烈和执着，若说穿了，也就没有了韵味。

6.子衿

青青子衿，悠悠我心。纵我不往，子宁不嗣音？ 青青子佩，悠悠我思。纵我不往，子宁不来？ 挑兮达兮，在城阙兮。一日不见，如三月兮。

《子衿》描写一个女子在城楼上等候她的恋人，其心理描写手法开创先河，女子单相思的心理活动，维肖维妙，而且意境很美，是一首难得的优美的情歌。这首诗是《诗经》众多情爱诗歌作品中较有代表性的一篇，女主人公在诗中大胆表达自己的情感，即对情人的思念。这在《诗经》以后的历代文学作品中是少见的。

7.桃夭

桃之夭夭，灼灼其华。之子于归，宜其室家。桃之夭夭，有蕡其实。之子于归，宜其家室。桃之夭夭，其叶蓁蓁。之子于归，宜其家人。

这首诗非常有名，即便只读过很少几篇《诗经》的人，一般也都知道“桃之夭夭，灼灼其华”。一般认为这是一首祝贺年轻姑娘出嫁的诗。不论自古以来多少解经者就《桃夭》作过多少文章，但像小桃树那样年轻，像春日骄阳下桃花那样鲜艳、美丽的少女，却永远活在读者心里。人们衷心祝愿她：“之子于归，宜其室家”。

8.凯风

凯风自南，吹彼棘心。棘心夭夭，母氏劬劳。凯风自南，吹彼棘薪。母氏圣善，我无令人。爰有寒泉？在浚之下。有子七人，母氏劳苦。睍睆黄鸟，载好其音。有子七人，莫慰母心。

9.鹿鸣

呦呦鹿鸣，食野之苹。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟吹笙。吹笙鼓簧，承筐是将。人之好我，示我周行。呦呦鹿鸣，食野之蒿。我有嘉宾，德音孔昭。视民不恌，君子是则是效。我有旨酒，嘉宾式燕以敖 呦呦鹿鸣，食野之芩。我有嘉宾，鼓瑟鼓琴。鼓瑟鼓琴，和乐且湛。我有旨酒，以燕乐嘉宾之心。

10.鹤鸣

鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于野。鱼潜在渊，或在于渚。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维萚。它山之石，可以为错。

鹤鸣于九皋，声闻于天。鱼在于渚，或潜在渊。乐彼之园，爰有树檀，其下维榖。它山之石，可以攻玉。

采薇采薇，薇亦作止。曰归曰归，岁亦莫止。靡家靡室，猃狁之故。不遑启居，猃狁之故。

采薇采薇，薇亦柔止。曰归曰归，心亦忧止。忧心烈烈，载饥载渴。我戍未定，靡使归聘。

采薇采薇，薇亦刚止。曰归曰归，岁亦阳止。王事靡盬，不遑启处。忧心孔疚，我行不来。彼尔维何，维常之华。彼路斯何，君子之车。戎车既驾，四牡业业。岂敢定居，一月三捷。

驾彼四牡，四牡騤騤。君子所依，小人所腓。四牡翼翼，象弭鱼服。岂不日戒，猃狁孔棘。

昔我往矣，杨柳依依。今我来思，雨雪霏霏。行道迟迟，载饥载渴。我心伤悲，莫知我哀。

《采薇》，是一位久戍之卒在归途中的追忆唱叹之作，通过归途的追述集中表现戍卒们久戍难归、忧心如焚的内心世界，从而表现周人对战争的厌恶和反感。末尾这句“昔我往矣，杨柳依依。今我来思，雨雪霏霏。”这是写景记时，更是抒情伤怀。今人读此四句仍不禁枨触于怀，黯然神伤，可谓绝世文情，千古常新。

第四篇：英语介绍

考研复试英语自我介绍范文2：

respected Professors：

Good afternoon！I'm great honored to meet you here.Now allow me to give a brief self-introduction：

I'm *******，26 years old，born in ***** city，HeNan Province.In year 1996，I entered ********University，majoring in Machincal Designing and Producing.During those 4 years'study，I worked hard and I was always active in various activities.I gained the first scholarship for four times and I joined the Communist Party at the college.After my graduation in June 202_，I worked in ——company.I got a position in the Technology Department the first year and I was involved in several internet projects，such as the one for College student Recruitment in Henan Province and the one for Computer Center in Mathmatics Department in Zhengzhou University.Owning to my hard work，I was rewarded the Best Newcomer Prize in the year 202_.The next year，I was transferred into the Principal Customer Department，responsible for the Developing and strengthening a good relationship between the principal customers and my company.Two major customers，Henan Provincipal Department of Transportation and Henan Provincial

Department of Personnel，are under my work.However，with time going on，the more I experienced，the clearer I realized that I'm really interested in the Enterprise Management.I find many enterprises have the problem of an unmatched management to its developing speed.I'm eager to learn more about management and I hope I can study further in this University.So I resigned in August，202_ and started the way to pursuing my studies.After about half year's hard work，I'm finally standing before you

honorable professors now.I'm really excited.Though I've sacrificed much on my way to pusuing studies，I believe it's worthwhile.I believe working hard will finally be repaied.Thank you！

考研复试英语自我介绍范文3：

Good morning：

My name is XX，you can also call me Eason，I has such an english name just because the pronunciation of it is like my chinese name.I graduated from this university last year，and major in computer science，I liked computer very much，especially in

multimedia technology，and wanted to make some achievement in this field，but when I finished my school，I realized that what I had learned was not enough for this target，I thought it would be great if I can continue my interest in that，so that was why I choose to further my study with a master degree.Well，in my spare time，I like soccer，pop music，and stamp，being a soccer fan，I always show my love to Manchester United and Ryan Giggs is my favorite.I also like English very much，and had passed Band six this year，but I do think it‘s still a long way to study it，so I wouldn’t give up my English studying，and improve my oral and listening ability.So that‘s all，thank you.考研复试英语自我介绍范文4：

Good morning，teachers，I am honored to be informed to have this interview.Introduce yourself

First let me introduce myself，my name is XX，23 years old，and David is my English name.I am open-minded，easy to adapt，compatible with my friends，and willing to help others.Introduce your college

I studied in XX University.Although it is not well know，I still appreciate it，because it offers me a chance to develop my abilities.During my college years，I have made rapid and great progress in many areas，as a student，I work very hard，and obtain

scholarship many times，as a monitor，I work earnestly，also gain good comments from teachers and classmates，working as a member of Student Union，I strive to finish any assignment perfectly.In a word，I learned a lot in my college life.Introduce your family

In my family，there are three members，my farther，my mother，and I.My parents are workers，my father works very hard，and he is always fully occupied，so most of the housework is done by my mother，of course，while I am at home，I would help her.I love my parents and they love me，too.When I make a success，they are more excited than me，and support me to do better.Even though I failed，instead of blaming，they always share sorrow with me，and encourage me not to give up.During my

preparation for graduate examination，the support from my family is always my momentum.Parents‘ love is unselfish，I am deeply affected，so I will do all what I can to repay them.Introduce your hometown

My hometown is XX，a young city in XX Province.It is famous for its XX and XX.There are great scenes here，XX，XX，XX，and so on.Each year，many people come here for tour and investment.So I believe that，with the joint efforts of every person，a better future of XX is coming（round the corner）。

Introduce your reason for preparing the postgraduate exam

During the past four years，I have learned a lot of professional knowledge and practical skills，but gradually，I realize it is not enough.In my opinion，further study is actually urgent for me to realize and finally achieve self-value.Life is precious，it is

necessary to catch any opportunity for self-development，especially in the competitive modern society.Therefore，I prefer to go on for further education.Why do you choose to study in our department？

I am deeply impressed by the academic atmosphere when connecting to the web site of your department.In addition，I am attracted by the process of XX，and want to do something for XX.As the proverb says ‘process is the activity of today and the

assurance of tomorrow.’ If I got a chance to study here，I would like to continue to accept professional training，in order to get ready for working in the future.I hope I can achieve my goal soon.About your future plans：

What do you expect to achieve during your study if you are enrolled into this institute？There must be many things to learn if I were enrolled into my ideal research field.I hope I can build up a systematic view of XX，especially in the fields of XX.Sincerely，my wish is to get a complete comprehension of XX.On the other hand，I am dreaming of the participation of some relevant projects of my major，for this reason，I will get more experience in practice.And what‘s more，I expect to continue my study for doctorate degree，if it is possible.In a word，I am looking forward to making up a solid foundation for future profession which is based on three years of study here.Do you have any hobbies？

In my spare time，I like reading books，collecting cards and coins，playing volleyball，communicating with friends，and so on.I also like English very much，I am fond of watching English films and listening to English songs，I passed College English Test Band six in September，202_，I do believe there is still a long way for me to learn English well enough，however I will not shrink back，Because I realize that English is a bridge connected our country with the outside world.Learning English is the most direct and available method for intercourse among countries and also useful for us to get advanced knowledge and technology from other nations.Good morning，everyone！I am glad to be here for this interview.First，let me introduce myself to you.My name is Qin Jiayin.I was born on April 23，1981.I am a local person.I am graduating from Jilin Normal University this June.I major in Chinese

literature.I hope I could get the opportunity to finish my postgraduate courses in Jilin University which I have desired for a long time.I have the confidence because I have such ability！I am a girl who is fervent，outgoing and creative.At the same time，I think I am quick in mind and careful in everything.I am looking forward to my postgraduate studies and life.I will soon prove that your decision of choosing me is the wisest.Thank you for giving me such a valuable opportunity！

Reasons for taking postgraduate exams：

First of all，I love my major.Chinese literature is the symbol of the start of Chinese literary modernization.It plays an important part in modernization of our citizens‘ thoughts.What’s more，modern literature is very close to our daily life and it can deeply reflect the styles and features of our society.I am fascinated by the great masters‘ refreshing or warm or profound styles as well.But I am not easily satisfied with such superficial knowledge.I hope I could have a better understanding in modern literature by studying further.This is a very important reason for me to take the postgraduate exams.Next，I love the feeling in the university.It is full of youthful spirit.And I am deeply attracted by the scholarly atmosphere.And the most important，it‘s my great honor to open my ears to your teaching.Finally，I want to talk about a very practical problem.That is my dream of becoming a teacher in the university.I want to realize my dream and make myself to be a well-qualified person.I think the postgraduate studies can enrich my knowledge and make me competent in my future job.That‘s my simple and clear reasons why I took the postgraduate exams.My university：

I‘m graduating form Jilin Normal University this June which has a history of 50 years.It shares many same characteristics with Jilin University.Both of them have a refreshing and scholarly atmosphere.Four years’ studying there made me an independent，optimistic and strict girl.I appreciate the education my university gave me.Thank you for your time！

考研复试英语自我介绍范文6：

Good morning/afternoon，my dear teachers（my dear professors）。I am very glad to be here for your interview.My name is ___.I am ___ years old.I come from _______，a very beautiful city.My undergraduate period will be accomplished in

_______university in July，202_.And now，I am trying my best for obtaining a key to ________ University.Generally speaking，I am a hard-working student.I will try my best to finish it no matter how difficult it is.When I was

sophomore，I found web design very interesting，so I learned it very hard.To weave a homepage for myself，I stayed with my personal computer for half a month，and I am the first one in my class who own his homepage.Furthermore，I am a person with great perseverance.During the days preparing for the first examination，I insist on running every day，no matter what the weather was like.And just owning to this，I could concentrate on my study and succeeded in the end.Well，in my spare time，I like basketball，tennis and Chinese chess.Also，English is my favorite.I often go to English corner to practice my oral English on every Thursday，and write compositions to improve my written ability.But I know my English is not good enough，I will continue studying.Ok，that‘s all，thank you for your attention.Good morning，everyone！I am glad to be here for this interview.First，let me introduce myself to you.My name is Li Ming.I was born on April 23，1981.I am a local person.I am graduating from University this June.I major in Chinese literature.I hope I could get the opportunity to finish my postgraduate courses in Peking University which I have desired for a long time.I have the

confidence because I have such ability！I am a girl who is fervent（热情的），outgoing and creative.At the same time，I think I am quick in mind and careful in everything.I am looking forward to my postgraduate studies and life.I will soon prove that your decision of choosing me is the wisest.Thank you for giving me such a valuable opportunity！

考研复试英语自我介绍范文8：（For the On-Job Candidates）

Respected Professors，Good afternoon！I'm great honored to meet you here.Now allow me to give a brief self-introduction.I'm，26 years old，born in city，Province.In the year of，I entered University，majoring in Machincal Designing and Producing.During those 4 years'study，I worked hard and I was always active in various activities.I gained the first scholarship for four times and I joined the Communist Party at the college.After my graduation in June，I worked in company.I got a position in the Technology Department the first year and I was involved in several internet projects，such as the one for College student Recruitment in Henan Province and the one for Computer Center in Mathmatics Department in Zhengzhou University.Owning to my hard work，I was awarded the Best Newcomer Prize in the year.The next year，I was transferred into the Principal Customer Department，responsible for developing and strengthening a good relationship between the principal customers and my company.Two major customers，Henan Provincipal Department of Transportation and Henan Provincial Department of Personnel，are under my work.However，with time going on，the more I experienced，the clearer I realized that I'm really interested in the Enterprise

Management.I find many enterprises have the problem of an unmatched management to its developing speed.I'm eager to learn more about management and I hope I can study further in this University.So I resigned in August，202_ and started the way to pursuing my studies.After about half year's hard work，I'm finally standing before your honorable professors now.I'm really excited.Though I've sacrificed much on my way to pusuing studies，I believe it's worthwhile.I believe working hard will finally be prepared.Thank you！

第五篇：英语介绍

合同编号：511-1112-yl-08866-011

负责人：***

业务员：11505119157

底价：8元

限量：不限

上线天数：10天

上线时间：202_-01-06

下线时间：202_-01-16

生效时间：202_-01-07

结束时间：202_-01-20

【标题】镇江团购: 仅售8.8元！原价20元的镇江市韩国动感4D单人票一张！；两部影片

时长约20分钟，包含电影（疯狂过山车），（恐怖之旅），（恐怖之旅2），（太空大战，）

（恐龙探险），10余部任选2部,心脏病，婴儿，孕妇《高血压患者不能观看！

广告词：下午拉上几个朋友，一起去体验4D电影的乐趣吧

凭拉手券可享受镇江市的镇江市韩国动感4D单人票一张

包含电影（疯狂过山车），（恐怖之旅），（恐怖之旅2），（恐怖之旅3）（太空大战，）（恐龙

探险），（老鹰过山车），（大自然），（急速赛车）（雪上飞车）10余部任选2部合计20元

原价最高20元，拉手团购仅需8.8元。

【4D电影】 4D影院是在3D立体电影的基础上加环境特效模拟仿真而组成的新型影视产品。

所谓4D电影，也叫四维电影；即三维的立体电影和周围环境模拟组成四维空间。

4D电影是将震动、吹风、喷水、烟雾、气泡、气味、布景，人物表演等特

技效果引入3D（即立体电影）影片中。形成一种独特的表演形式，这是当

今流行的4D电影。

温馨提示：

·每张拉手券镇江市的镇江市韩国动感4D单人票一张

10余部任选2部,心脏病，婴儿，孕妇《高血压患者不能观看！

·拉手券于202_年1月6日（周四）生效；

·拉手券有效期截止至202_年1月20日；

·营业时间：10：00-21：00

预约电话：0511-***

·拉手券消费不兑现，不找零，不与店内其他优惠同时使用。

商家信息

地址：镇江市京口区南门大街216号（四院向北50米）绑定电话：上网

交通指南，做1路 10路 24路 市政府下，即可