励志诗词赏析

第一篇：励志诗词赏析

篇一：励志小诗赏析《旅程》 注：这是一首励志诗。the journey one day you finally knew what you had to do, and began, though the voices around you kept shouting their bad advice--though the whole house began to tremble and you felt the old tug at your ankles.mend my life!each voice cried.but you didnt stop.you knew what you had to do, though the wind pried with its stiff fingers at the very foundations, though their melancholy was terrible.it was already lateenough, and a wild night, and the road full of fallen branches and stones.but little by little, as you left their voices behind, the stars began to burn through the sheets of clouds, and there was a new voice which you slowly into the world, determined to do the only thing you could do--determined to save the only life you could save.有一天,你终于知道

什么是你必须得做,并开始去做, 虽然你周围的声音 一直喊出

其各种糟糕的建议——虽然整个房子 开始颤抖

你亦感到那条旧绳索 绊住了你的脚踝。“修补我的人生!” 每个声音都在哭喊。但你并没停止。

你知道什么是你必须得做的, 虽然风用它僵硬的手指 直往根基, 撬捣, 虽然它们的忧郁 着实可怕。天色

已经很晚,这是个疯狂的夜晚, 路上满是倒下的 断枝和石头。但渐渐地, 当你将它们的声音抛在身后, 星星开始穿透云层 散发光辉, 一个新的声音出现了你慢慢 意识到,那是你自己的声音, 它伴随着你 伴你步步 深入世途, 决心去做

你唯一能做的事—— 决定去拯救

你唯一能拯救的生命。篇二：英语诗词赏析(一)经典励志诗 unit 2 poems 英语诗词赏析

（一）经典励志诗 learning aims: 1．to learn about some simple forms of english poems.3．to develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．to deepen students’ literature quality.step 1 enjoy a famous english poem.the road not taken---by robert frost two roads perged in a yellow wood 黄色的树林里分出两条路 and sorry i could not travel both 可惜我不能同时去涉足 and be one traveler, long i stood 我在那路口久久伫立 and looked down one as far as i could我向着一条路极目望去 to where it bent in the undergrowth 直到它消失在丛林深处 then took the other, as just as fair 但我却选了另外一条路 and having perhaps the better claim 它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂 because it was grassy and wanted wear;显得更诱人、更美丽 though as for that the passing there 虽然在这两条小路上 had worn them really about the same 都很少留下旅人的足迹 and both that morning equally lay虽然那天清晨落叶满地 in leaves no step had trodden black 两条路都未经脚印污染

i shall be telling this with a sigh 也许多少年后在某个地方 somewhere ages and ages hence:我将轻声叹息把往事回顾 two roads perged in a wood, and i---一片树林里分出两条路 i took the one less traveled by, 而我选了人迹更少的一条 and that has made all the difference从此决定了我一生的道路

everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.there is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.regardless of the original message that robert frost had intended to convey, his poem, the road not taken, has left its readers with many different interpretations.it is ones past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.in any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates frosts belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.and sorry i could not travel both...it is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.there is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.in an attempt to make a decision, the traveler looks down one as far as i could.评论2 the road not taken tells about life choice.man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.one has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.though the perged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 see over one road in part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“two roads perged in a yellow wood”, he stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.however, he must choose to take.2.2.the other one in part two, he stepped on the other road, “then took the other, as just as fair”, it was grassy and not taken.his choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.from his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 helpless 2.4 chose the less traveled road in part four, “i shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.but there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.all in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.the ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.conclusion 3.1 everyone is a traveler everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.there is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.it is ones past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.in any case however, this poem clearly explained frosts belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.it is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.it is impossible to travel down every path.the road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.as much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.it is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.it was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.there is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.it allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 human beings are so weak step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem summary the speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.the speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.and he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: he will claim that he took the less-traveled road.篇三：励志诗句 《励志诗句》赏析

三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也《论语·子罕》天行健，君子以自强不息《周易》富贵不能淫，贫贱不能移，威武不能屈《孟子》生于忧患，而死于安乐《孟子·告子下》路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索《离骚》不鸣则已，一鸣惊人《史记·滑稽列传》燕雀安知鸿鹄之志哉《陈涉世家》少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲《长歌行》烈士暮年，壮心不已《龟虽寿》捐躯赴国难，视死忽如归《白马篇》鞠躬尽瘁，死而后已《后出师表》大丈夫宁可玉碎，不能瓦全《北齐书·元景安传》天生我材必有用，千金散尽还复来《将进酒》生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄《夏日绝句》位卑未敢忘忧国《病起书怀》人生自古谁无死？留取丹心照汗青《过零丁洋》天下兴亡，匹夫有责《日知录·正始》千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风《竹石》壁立千仞，无欲则刚《对联》宝剑锋从磨砺出，梅花香自苦寒来《警世贤文》笔落惊风雨，诗成泣鬼神《寄李十二白二十韵》博观而约取，厚积而薄发《杂说送张琥》夫尺有所短，寸有所长《卜居》出师未捷身先死，长使英雄泪满襟《蜀相》春蚕到死丝方尽，蜡炬成灰泪始干《无题》春风得意马蹄疾，一日看尽长安花《登科后》不入虎穴，不得虎子《后汉书·班超传》不畏浮云遮望眼，自缘身在最高层《登飞来峰》采得百花成蜜后，为谁辛苦为谁甜《蜂》长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海《行路难·其一》臣心一片磁针石，不指南方不肯休《扬子江》沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春《酬乐天扬州》安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜《茅屋为》先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐《岳阳楼记》会挽雕弓如满月，西北望，射天狼《江城子》壮志饥餐胡虏肉，笑谈渴饮匈奴血《满江红》日月之行，若出其中《观沧海》男儿何不带吴钩，收取关山五十州《南园》穷且益坚，不坠青云之志《滕王阁序》壮心未与年俱老，死去犹能作鬼雄《书愤》

第二篇：关于励志的诗词赏析

1《苔》

清·袁枚

白日不到处，青春恰自来。

苔花如米小，也学牡丹开。

温暖的阳光照不到的阴暗处，苔藓生机萌动，依然碧绿长青。苔花尽管如同米粒大小，它也像雍容华贵的牡丹花一样热烈绽放。

不过多么渺小或不起眼的东西，都有他的功用。而从生命的角度来看，在艰难困苦中依然能够成长和突破，顽强的生命力和斗志，是最受人敬佩的精神。

2《竹石》

清·郑燮

咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中。

千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。

竹子抓住青山一点也不肯放松，它的根原来已经深深地扎在破败的岩石堆中。历经无数磨难和打击仍然还坚强刚劲，随便你刮和煦的东风、酷暑的南风、干燥的西风、还是严寒的北风。

3《小松》

唐·杜荀鹤

自小刺头深草里，而今渐觉出蓬蒿。

时人不识凌云木，直待凌云始道高。

小小的松树埋没在草堆中，是多么不起眼，然而它的内在是挺拔高大的凌云木，不管势利的时人如何评论，自己努力成长去耸入云霄。

4《辎门警训》

唐·佚名

守道犹如守禁城，紧把城头战一场。

不经一番寒彻骨，怎得梅花扑鼻香？

“宝剑锋从磨砺出,梅花香自苦寒来。”梅花象征着铁骨铮铮，不屈不挠，敢斗霜雪的精神；

又象征高洁守道的凛然君子，不畏严寒刚毅雄杰。

5《泛海》

明·王阳明

险夷原不滞胸中，何异浮云过太空?

夜静海涛三万里，月明飞锡下天风。

明朝刘瑾把持朝政，王阳明仗义执言，被刘瑾廷杖四十，投入大牢，谪贬为贵州龙场驿驿丞，去龙场途中，刘瑾还派杀手追杀，王阳明装死逃难，于九死一生中，王阳明心中苦闷矛盾，不知何去何从。后经一道士点化后，王阳明心中豁然开朗，毅然担当起责任，写下了这首豁达的诗词，然后回家省亲，再到龙场服役，终于龙场悟道。

一切艰难险阻，在我看起来，就如天上漂浮的一朵朵白云，不应停滞于心中，而天空的颜色，是洁净湛蓝的。夜深人静时，我思考着国家的命运，思考着自己的人生经历，尽是大起大落，如海中波涛一般。我将乘天地之正气，秉光明的心地，去接受任何的人生艰难险阻的挑战。

(网络诗作精选)

第三篇：英语诗词赏析(一)经典励志诗

Unit 2 Poems

英语诗词赏析

（一）经典励志诗

Learning aims:

1．To learn about some simple forms of English poems.3．To develop the reading ability by skimming and scanning the passage.4．To deepen students’ literature quality.Step 1 Enjoy a famous English poem.The Road Not Taken

---by Robert Frost

Two roads perged in a yellow wood黄色的树林里分出两条路And sorry I could not travel both可惜我不能同时去涉足And be one traveler, long I stood我在那路口久久伫立And looked down one as far as I could我向着一条路极目望去To where it bent in the undergrowth直到它消失在丛林深处Then took the other, as just as fair但我却选了另外一条路And having perhaps the better claim它荒草萋萋，十分幽寂Because it was grassy and wanted wear;显得更诱人、更美丽Though as for that the passing there虽然在这两条小路上Had worn them really about the same都很少留下旅人的足迹And both that morning equally lay虽然那天清晨落叶满地In leaves no step had trodden black两条路都未经脚印污染

Oh, I kept the first for another day!呵，留下一条路等改日再见！Yet knowing how way leads on to way, 但我知道路径延绵无尽头I doubted if I should even come back.恐怕我难以再回返

I shall be telling this with a sigh也许多少年后在某个地方Somewhere ages and ages hence:我将轻声叹息把往事回顾Two roads perged in a wood, and I---一片树林里分出两条路I took the one less traveled by,而我选了人迹更少的一条And that has made all the difference从此决定了我一生的道路

Step 2 Read the comments of this poem 评论1

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey life.There is never a straight path that leaves one with but a sole direction in which to head.Regardless of the original message that Robert Frost had intended to convey, his poem, “The Road Not Taken”, has left its readers with many different interpretations.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light that he will see the poem in.In any case however, this poem clearly demonstrates Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.“And sorry I could not travel both...” It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.There is a strong sense of regret before the choice is even made and it lies in the knowledge that in one lifetime, it is impossible to travel down every path.In an attempt to make a decision, the traveler “looks down one as far as I could”.评论2

The Road Not Taken tells about life choice.Man’s life is related to a journey filled with twists and turns.One has to consider a lot before making a wise choice.Though the perged roads seem identical, they actually lead to different directions, which symbolize different fates.2.1 See over one road

In part one, the speaker faced with two roads in the autumnal wood and feel puzzled over which one to choose.“Two roads perged in a yellow wood”, He stood there for a long time and mused on one of them, which was taken by many people.Unfortunately, he was unable to find out which place the，road would take him to, for it is far beyond his ability to know where the road would lead.However, he must choose to take.2.2.The other one

In part two, he stepped on the other road, “Then took the other, as just as fair”, It was grassy and not taken.His choice would affect every other subsequent choice, and there was no turning back.From his choice for the less trodden road, it could be concluded that he did not like to follow the steps of other people, he wanted his own life choired by himself.2.3 Helpless

In part three, he decided to choose the less traveled one, but he was aware that he could never have a chance to return to the first road.“I doubted if I should never come back” showed he is helpless.2.4 Chose the less traveled road

In part four, “I shall be telling this with a sign”, he articulated why he chose the less traveled road, for he expected his life to be unusual and different.But there was no way to foretell the consequences of his choice.All in all, for the speaker, the road of life was accident and mystical, and his very choice was crucial in determining the consequences of his life.The ordinary people follow other’s choice, while the exceptional ones choose their unique roads of life.3.Conclusion3.1 Everyone is a traveler

Everyone is a traveler, choosing the roads to follow on the map of their continuous journey.There is never a straight path but a sole direction in which to head.It is one's past, present and the attitude with which he looks upon his future that determines the shade of the light.In any case however, this poem clearly explained Frost's belief that it is the road that one chooses that makes him the man who he is.It is always difficult to make a decision because it is impossible not to wonder about the opportunity cost, what will be missed out on.It is impossible to travel down every path.The road that will be chosen leads to the unknown, as does any choice in life.As much he may strain his eyes to see as far the road stretches, eventually it surpasses his vision and he can never see where it is going to lead.It is the way that he chooses here that sets him off on his journey and decides where he is going.It was something that was obviously not for everyone because it seemed that the majority of people took the other path.There is simply a narrator who makes a decision in his life that had changed the direction of his life from what it may have otherwise been.It allows all readers from all different experiences to relate to the poem.3.2 Human beings are so weak

In a word, the poem The Road Not Taken is a very beautiful and excellent poem.It is set in a rural natural environment where always inspire the speaker to think of life.It is based on a metaphor in which the journey through life is compared to a journey on a road.And the speaker of the poem has to choose one path instead of another.Even though the two paths look equally attractive, the speaker knows that his choice at this moment may have a significant influence on his future.He does make a decision, hoping that he may be able to visit this place again, yet realizing that such an opportunity is impossible.He imagines himself in the future telling the story of his life, and claiming that his decision to take the road less traveled by, the road few other people have taken, has made all the difference.This thesis intends to explore Frost’s own view of life.He told us that human beings are so weak when compared with nature and the destiny.Though human beings have made great progress in the past several centuries, there will forever exist something that is far beyond their control.For human, it is unable to do anything useful when he is in conflict with the impersonal force.And it’s also unable to control his own

destiny;on the contrary, his fate and destiny are in the charge of something mysterious beyond him.In this sense, life is a tragedy to human.So it could be said that Frost conveyed his sense of tragedy common to human through this simple but beautiful poem.It is simple in form but profound in meaning.Step 3 learn how to write a summary of a poem

Summary The speaker stands in the woods, considering a fork in the road.Both ways are equally worn and equally overlaid with un-trodden leaves.The speaker chooses one, telling himself that he will take the other another day.Yet he knows it is unlikely that he will have the opportunity to do so.And he admits that someday in the future he will recreate the scene with a slight twist: He will claim that he took the less-traveled road.

第四篇：诗词赏析

相关成语

胜友如云

【解释】：胜友：良友。许多良友聚集一处。

人杰地灵

【解释】：杰：杰出；灵：好。指有杰出的人降生或到过，其地也就成了名胜之区。

【语法】：联合式；作主语、宾语、定语；含褒义

高朋满座

【解释】:高：高贵。高贵的朋友坐满了席位。形容宾客很多。

【语法】:补充式；作谓语；形容宾客很多

腾蛟起凤

【解释】：蛟：蛟龙；凤：凤凰。宛如蛟龙腾跃、凤凰起舞。形容人很有文采。

【语法】：联合式；作谓语、定语；含褒义

物华天宝

【解释】：物华：万物的精华；天宝：天然的宝物。指各种珍美的宝物。钟鸣鼎食

【解释】：钟：古代乐器；鼎：古代炊器。击钟列鼎而食。形容贵族的豪华排场。

【语法】：联合式；作定语；常与“之家”连用

逸兴遄飞

【解释】：指超逸豪放的意兴勃发飞扬。

天高地迥

【解释】：迥：远。形容极其高远。

萍水相逢

【用法】： 偏正式；作谓语、定语；指无深交

【解释】： 浮萍随水漂泊，聚散不定。比喻向来不认识的人偶然相遇。命途多舛

【解释】：舛：不顺，不幸。命运充满不顺。指一生坎坷，屡受挫折。老当益壮

【解释】： 当：应该；部分国：更加；壮：雄壮。年纪虽老而志气更旺盛，干劲更足。

一介书生

【解释】：一介：一个。旧时读书人的自称或对普通读书人的雅称。东隅已逝,桑榆非晚

【解释】：东隅：指日出处，表示早年。桑榆：指日落处，表示晚年。早年的时光消逝，如果珍惜时光，发愤图强，晚年并不晚。

用典修辞

（一）用典详释

１、言简意赅，含蓄有味——明用

所谓明用，就是用典故的字面意思，并将其所具有的特殊含义加以扩大，变为泛指。《滕王阁序》中的“物华天宝，龙光射牛斗之虚；人杰地灵，徐孺下陈蕃之榻”“紫电青霜，王将军之武库”“天柱高而北辰远”等句中的用典即属明用典故。

“龙光”之典见于《晋书·张华传》，张华因斗、牛二星间有紫气照射而在地下掘得龙泉、太阿两剑，两剑的夺目光芒即龙光。“徐孺”之典见于《后汉书·徐穉传》，东汉名士陈蕃任豫章太守时不接来客，惟因家贫在家种地而不肯做官的徐穉来访，才设一睡榻留宿。“紫电”之典见《古今注·舆服篇》，吴大皇帝有宝剑六把，其二名紫电。“青霜”之典见《西京杂记》，汉高祖斩白蛇用的剑，１２年磨一次，剑刃锋利如霜雪般白亮。“天柱”之典见《神异经》，昆仑山上有铜柱，其高入天，称为天柱。“北辰”之典见《论语·为政》，“为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星共之”。这里指北极星，喻指国君。

以上明用的典故，实现了表达上“意婉而尽，藻丽而富，气畅而凝”（刘勰《文心雕龙》语）的效果，可谓言简意丰，辞约蕴寓。

２、隐括旨义，旨冥句中——暗用

暗用指引典不直录原文，而化成自己的语言，使典故贴近语境，又不违原意，起到恰当而曲折地表达作者思想感情的效果。《滕王阁序》中的“冯唐易老，李广难封，屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主；窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时”“酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙以犹欢”“孟尝高洁，空余抱国之情；阮籍猖狂，岂效穷途之哭”等句的用典即属暗用典故。“冯唐”“李广”两典见《史记》，“梁鸿”“孟尝”两典见《后汉书》。这几个典故比较熟悉，本文不再详解。“贪泉”之典见《晋书·吴隐之传》，广州北２０里的石门有水叫贪泉，据称人饮此水必起贪得无厌之心，吴隐之至此，取泉水饮，并赋诗一首：“古人云此水，一歃怀千金。试使夷齐饮，终当不易心。”“涸辙”之典见《庄子·外物》，此为语典，车辙无水，故曰涸辙，此处喻穷困的境遇。“阮籍”之典见《晋书·阮籍传》，身处魏晋间的阮籍，因不满于司马氏，便以饮酒来掩饰自己，以免被害，他常自己驾车外出，也不顺着路走，当前面有什么障碍不能前进时，就痛哭着回来。

以上这些典故，或事或语，均由王勃化用为自己的语言，而用典中所蕴涵的却是作者不为当世所用的自怨自叹的复杂情感。但又由于王勃借用了“贪泉”“涸辙”之典，把自己强行振作、不甘颓废的信念表露无遗。

3、说古喻今，比况自身——化用

化用即点化后使用。这是一种作者将叙事详备，文字较长的事典合理化简点睛，以简驭繁地表达情感的用典方法。《滕王阁序》中“杨意不逢，抚凌云而自惜；钟期既遇，奏流水以何惭”句即属典故的化用。

“杨意不逢”之典见《史记·司马相如列传》，汉朝杨得意禀告汉武帝，说《大人赋》为司马相如所作，武帝召见相如，“天子大悦，飘飘有凌云之气”，而杨得意却仍做个掌管猎犬的小官。“钟期既遇”之典见《列子·汤问》，上古伯牙鼓琴，志在高山流水，只有钟子期知其音。

以上两个化用典故，涵蕴深刻。只有２６岁的王勃受邀作序，但面对自己“时运不齐，命途多舛”，不禁兴尽悲来，又不便直说，乃妙笔生花，化用典故，虽说的是古，而喻的却是今，可谓比况自如，毫无斧凿之痕。

４、多典浓缩，加强效果——连用

连用是指作者为了加强表达效果而在一句之中驱遣几个典故来表达思想感情的用典方式。《滕王阁序》中典故连用的句子较多，下面仅举一例：“非谢家之宝树，接孟氏之芳邻。他日趋庭，叨陪鲤对；今兹捧袂，喜托龙门”句中连用四个典故，表明作者幸蒙阎公垂青，得以即席命笔，施展才华的感激之情。

“谢家宝树”之典见《世说新语·言语》，谢安问子侄们，人们为什么总希望子弟好？侄子谢玄答曰：“譬如芝兰玉树，欲使其生于庭阶耳。”玉树即宝树，比喻不辱门庭的好子弟。“孟氏芳邻”之典见《烈女传·母仪篇》，据说孟母为教育儿子而三迁择邻。“鲤对”之典见《论语·季氏》，孔子曾立于庭中，其子孔鲤“趋而过庭”，孔子教诲他应学习《诗》《礼》。“龙门”之典见《后汉书·李膺传》：“膺以声名自高，士有被其容接者，名为登龙门。”

以上四个典故在句中连用，极恰当地表达出了年轻的王勃受宠若惊而又自怨自叹的复杂心理，而且这几个用典或正或反，给人以一气贯之的畅快淋漓之感。

（二）本文的借代和谦辞

１、辨识六处借代用法

（１）棨戟遥临：棨戟代阎公。

（２）襜帷暂驻：襜帷代车驾，实代宇文氏。

（３）仙人之旧馆：代滕王阁。

（４）帝阍：代朝廷。

（５）奉宣室：代入朝做官。

（６）抚凌云而自惜：凌云代司马相如的赋。因汉武帝曾夸其赋“飘飘有凌云之气”。

２、了解六个礼貌谦辞

（１）家君作宰，路出名区；童子何知，躬逢胜饯。

家君，称自己的父亲。童子，王勃自称。全句意思是，家父作交趾县的县令，自己因探望父亲路过这个有名的地方（指洪州）；年幼无知，（却有幸）参加这场盛大的宴会。

（２）勃，三尺微命，一介书生。

三尺、一介，都是王勃的自称。古人称成人为“七尺之躯”，称不大懂事的小孩儿为“三尺童儿”。三尺：指衣带下垂的长度。古时服饰制度规定束在腰间的绅的长度，因地位不同而有所区别，士规定为三尺。绅，指衣带结余下垂的部分。微命，即“一命”，周朝官阶制度是从一命到九命，一命是最低级的官职。

三尺微命，指地位卑微。一介：一个。

（３）他日趋庭，叨陪鲤对。

趋庭，快步走过庭院，这是表示对长辈的恭敬。叨，惭愧的承受，表示自谦。鲤对，指在父辈面前接受教诲。全句意思是，过些时候自己将到父亲那里聆听教诲。写作特色

一、整体感知

本文原题为《秋日登洪府滕王阁饯别序》，全文运思谋篇，都紧扣这个题目。全文共分四段，第1段历叙洪都雄伟的地势、珍异的物产、杰出的人才以及尊贵的宾客，紧扣题中“洪府”二字来写；第2段展示的是一幅流光溢彩的滕王阁秋景图，近观远眺，都是浓墨重彩，写出了滕王阁壮美而又秀丽的景色，紧扣题目“秋日”、“登滕王阁”六字来写；第3段由对宴会的描写转而引出人生的感慨，紧扣题目中“饯”字来写；最后一段自叙遭际，表示当此临别之际，既遇知音，自当赋诗作文，以此留念，这是紧扣题中“别”、“序”二字来写。由此看来，全文层次井然，脉络清晰；由地及人，由人及景，由景及情，可谓丝丝入扣，层层扣题。结构:第一节点题——第二节近境——第三节远近结合——第四节远境感悟——第五节抒怀励志——第六节自我介绍兼回收题意——第七节收篇致谢。

二、局部思路揭示

本文因饯别而作，但对宴会之盛仅略叙，数笔带过，而倾全力写登阁所见之景，因景而生之情，不落窠臼，独辟蹊径。而局部思路的布局谋篇，取舍立意，亦颇见为文之功底。以第五段为例说明作者的情感起伏脉络：

先用一连串短句抒发感叹：“时运不济，命途多舛。冯后易老，李广难封。”而后长短结合，抒发自己的愤郁悲凉：“屈贾谊于长沙，非无圣主；窜梁鸿于海曲，岂乏明时？”最后又用先短后长的一组对偶表明心志：“孟尝高洁，空余报国之情；阮籍猖狂，岂效穷途之哭？”铿锵的语调表达了自己不甘沉沦的决心。

三、精彩语句揣摩

1.“潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫”

赏析：作者善用灵活多变的笔法描写山容水态，表现楼台的壮观，从而把读者带入身临其境的审美境地。“潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫”写出了色彩变化之美。这两句不囿于静止的画面色彩，而着力表现山光山色的色彩变幻：寒潭之水因积水退尽而一片清明；傍晚的山峦因暮霭笼罩而呈紫色。上句设色淡雅，下句设色浓重，在色彩的浓淡对比中，突出秋日景物的特征，被前人誉为“写尽九月之景”。

2.“落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”

赏析：这一句素称千古绝唱。青天碧水，天水相接，上下浑然一色：彩霞自上而下，孤鹜自下而上，相映增辉，构成一幅色彩明丽而又上下浑成的绝妙好图。这两句在句式上不但上下句相对，而且在一句中自成对偶，形成“当句对”的特点。如“落霞”对“孤鹜”，“秋水”对“长天”，这是王勃骈文的一大特点。

3.“老当益壮，宁移白首之心？穷且益坚，不坠青云之志。”

赏析：这是全文最富思想意义的警语。古往今来有多少有志之士，面对一切艰难险阻，总能执着地追求自己的理想，即使在郁郁不得志的逆境当中也不消沉放弃。东

汉马援云：“大丈夫为志，穷当益坚，老当益壮。”王勃在此化用，警示那些“失路之人”不要因年华易逝和处境困顿而自暴自弃。而王勃此时正怀才不遇，但仍有这般情怀，确实难能可贵。

《滕王阁序》写景“四美”

《滕王阁序》的写景颇有特色，作者精心构画，苦苦经营，运用灵活多变的手法描写山水，体现了一定的美学特征。

1.色彩变化之美

文章不惜笔墨，浓墨重彩，极写景物的色彩变化。如“紫电清霜”中的“紫电”，“飞阁流丹”中的“流丹”，“层峦耸翠”中的“耸翠”，“青雀黄龙之轴”中的“青雀”“黄龙”无不色彩缤纷，摇曳生辉。尤其“潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫”一句，不囿于静止画面色彩，着力表现水光山色之变化，上句朴素淡雅，下句设色凝重，被前人誉为“写尽九月之景”之句。

2.远近变化之美

作者采用恰当的方法，犹如电影的拍摄技术，由近及远，构成一幅富有层次感和纵深感的全景图。“鹤汀凫渚”四句写阁四周景物，是近景；“山原旷其盈视”二句写山峦、平原和河流、湖泽，是中景；“云销雨霁”以下则是水田浩淼的远景。这种写法，是《滕王阁序》写景的最突出特点，体现了作者立体化的审美观，把读者带进了如诗如画的江南胜境，读者和景物融为一体，人在景中，景中有人。

3.上下浑成之美

“层峦耸翠”四句，借视角变化，使上下相映成趣，天上地下，城里城外，相与为一，不可分离，体现了作者整齐划一的审美观。而“落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”更是写景名句，水天相接，浑然天成，构成一幅色彩明丽的美妙图画。

4.虚实相衬之美

“渔舟唱晚”四句，即凭借听觉联想，用虚实手法传达远方的景观，使读者开阔眼界，视通万里。实写虚写，相互谐调，相互映衬，极尽铺叙写景之能事。

总之，《滕王阁序》一文的写景颇具匠心，字字珠玑，句句生辉，章章华彩，一气呵成，使人读完后犹如身临江南水乡，难怪韩愈情不自禁地称赞说：“江南多临观之类，而滕王阁独为第一。”

写作技巧

第一：精

精有二种解释，一种是用词简练，通观王勃全文，说实话确实是用语简练。这一点在文中处处可以见到。如描写地理位置“星分翼轸，地接衡庐。襟三江而带五湖，控蛮荆而引瓯越”，了了数字，就将洪都（南昌）的地理位置说的一清二楚。由大及小，大气而不遥远。而且在这几字中将洪都的险要位置中心地位说的一清二楚，此等用笔老到之举，岂是一个精字了得。描写节气“时维九月，序属三秋”，又是一目了然。描写人“时运不齐，命途多舛”，也是数字。像此种字简意深之例，通文比比皆是，看我等动辄洋洋数万言，才知其贵重也。此为我等后学当学之一也。

第二：妙

《滕王阁赋》系属名篇，名句佳言当不谓小。世人常记“落霞与孤鹜齐飞，秋水共长天一色”。自是不待言下。此为写景之最也。其它如写地势“襟三江而带五湖，控蛮荆而引瓯越”。写励志如“东隅已逝，桑榆非晚”。“老当益壮，宁移白首之心；穷且益坚，不坠青云之志”。写虚境如“渔舟唱晚，响穷鼓蠡之滨；雁陈惊寒，声断衡阳之浦”。那一句不是惊世骇俗之佳句，此等妙笔，全文俯首拾来皆是，处处设疑，处处点睛，有此等点睛妙笔，怎不让其赋妙不可言呢？所以呀，我们现在写作，也要注意用词之精，一篇文字如有一二句点睛妙笔，全文皆活也。写散文者应记之。第三：博

中国有句古话：“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也会吟”。此句说的是什么意思？就是说，我们写作的知识面一定要广。熟读唐诗三百首，只要我们用心的熟读了，那么对其中的意境、技法、格律、也会有自然而然的熟悉，在此种情况下，无疑对于我们自身的写作是有好处的。

博览群书，也就是说肚子里有墨水，俯首拾来皆成句，是我们写作者必须要具备的知识能力。厚积薄发，看多了，识多了，写起文来自然也是轻车熟路，事半功倍也。看看我们现在的什么少年作家，还有那些看了几句摘撷的名句或是翻了几本哲学就动辄大言不惭的主儿，也敢在那里叫嚣自己学富五车，实让人殆笑大方耳。

我们看王勃的《滕王阁赋》，就可见王勃所学之博。如地理“豫章故郡，洪都新府（对于南昌的历史了如指掌）。襟三江而带五湖、控蛮荆而引瓯越（远景、在南昌的四周地理）”。“响穷鼓蠡之滨……声断衡阳之浦（中景，南昌周边）”。如节气“时维九月，序属三秋（节令）。潦水尽而寒潭清，烟光凝而暮山紫（节气）”。典故如“冯唐易老，李广难封。屈贾谊于长沙……窜梁鸿于海曲”：“孟尝高洁……阮籍猖狂”等等。可见王勃引用之泛，而且入情入理，浑然不着痕迹，这样的引用如胸中无万千书卷，又如何能信手拈来呢？所以，写作者博览群书是完全必要的，而且是必须要做的。否则，临时抱佛脚，拉一些似是而非的典故来引用只能是东施效颦，徒画蛇添足罢了。而且知识面不广，创作面就会受到限制，这是写文时的大忌，愿文学爱好者明之。第四：活

一位成功的文字作者，比喻他的功底最佳用词就是收放自如。该收时候收，该放时候放，也就是在一篇文里，始终抓住中心，在引申面上，又抓住诠释之重，这样层次感分明，中心明确，让读者一目了然而又能将作者的中心思想毫无保留的灌输给读者，这样的作家，才是成功的作者，因为读者的思想已跟着他的思想互动。

《滕王阁赋》融抒怀于景，相得益彰。王勃在写景的表像下要表达自己的思想，就必须具备对文字熟练的驾驭能力，也就是说要能做到收放自如。

第五篇：诗词赏析

一、墨梅 王冕

我家洗砚池头树，朵朵花开淡墨痕。不要人夸颜色好，只留清气满乾坤。

【注释】①墨梅：水墨画的梅花。②洗砚池：写字、画画后洗笔洗砚的池子。

1、诗中的梅花有哪些特点？

2、诗人借墨梅要表达怎样的思想品格？

（答案：

1、花色淡墨，花香清芬。

2、表现了诗人鄙薄流俗，独善其身，孤芳自赏的品格。）

二、别董大 高适

千里黄云白日曛，北风吹雁雪纷纷。莫愁前路无知己，天下谁人不识君？

【注释】①董大：指唐代著名的琴师董庭兰。②黄云：乌云。③曛 ：昏暗。白日曛，即太阳黯淡无光。

1、“千里”，有人写作“十里”，你认为用那个字更好？为什么？

2、诗的后两句表达了对友人怎样的情谊？这两句与王维送别诗“劝君更尽一杯酒，西出阳关无故人”的格调有什么不同？

（答案：

1、用“千”字好。“千里”境界壮阔，可以着力渲染凄寒悲苦的气氛，又与诗的后两句情调相谐。

2、表达了对友人的劝慰和赞美之情，鼓励朋友乐观豪迈，积极进取。这两句诗气势雄壮，胸襟开阔，一扫缠绵忧怨的老调，是壮伟之音。）

三、渡汉江 宋之问

岭外音书断，经冬复历春。近乡情更怯，不敢问来人。

【注释】①这首诗写于作者贬谪岭南逃归途中。诗歌前两句里的“断”和“复”反映诗人怎样的贬谪生活？

按常理说后两句似乎写作“近乡情更切，急欲问来人”更恰当，这里的“怯”和“不 敢”反映了怎样的心理？

（答案

1、作者贬居岭外，思念亲人，又长期得不到家人的任何音讯，精神极为痛苦。

2、因为一方面固然日夜在思念家人，另一方面却又时刻担心家人的命运，怕他们由于自己的牵累或其他原因遭到不幸。这种抒写，更显真切、耐人咀嚼。）

四、山行留客 张旭

山光物态弄春晖，莫为轻阴便拟归。纵使晴明无雨色，入云深处亦沾衣。

【注释】①物态：景物的样子，这里指(山中的）景色。②便拟归：就打算回去。

1、首句的“弄”字历来为人称道，请从修辞和表达效果上品味这个炼字。

2、诗中哪两个字说明客人要回去的原因？哪一句以退为进，表达了作者对自然景色的喜爱与希望同友人共赏美景的愿望？

（答案：

1、这个“弄”字，用拟人的手法，化静为动，将万物沐浴在春光中的静景写活了，给景物注入了无限的生机与活力，同时也给客人留下了一个广阔的想象空间，仿佛是要让客人自己意识到——如此美景，留下来是值得的！

2、轻阴，入云深处亦沾衣

五、绝句 杜甫

迟日江山丽，春风花草香。泥融飞燕子，沙暖睡鸳鸯。

【注释】①泥融：指冻泥融化，又软又湿。诗的前两句选用了哪些意象描画了春天的景象？

后两句中的“泥融”、“沙暖”呼应了前面哪两个字？一“飞”一“睡”有着怎 样不同的情态？

（答案：

1、“迟日”、“江山”、“春风”、““花草”。

2、呼应“迟日”，这是工笔细描的特定画面，既有燕子翩飞的动态描绘，又有鸳鸯慵睡的静态写照。飞燕的繁忙蕴含着春天的勃勃生机，鸳鸯的闲适则透出温柔的春意，一动一静，相映成趣。）

六、江上渔者 范仲淹

江上往来人，但爱鲈鱼美。君看一叶舟，出没**里。

【注释】①渔者：捕鱼的人。②但：只。③鲈鱼：一种头大口大、体扁鳞细、背青腹白、味道鲜美的鱼。

这首诗主要用了什么表现手法？有什么表达效果？

联系《岳阳楼记》的名句，说说这首诗表现了诗人什么样的思想感情？

（答案：

1、对比，岸上人来人往，只想着鲈鱼的美味，船上渔民风里来浪里去：通过两幅画面的对比，反映了渔民劳作的艰辛，表达了对“江上往来人”的规劝。

2、这首诗表现了诗人对渔人疾苦的同情，这是作者“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的一个写照。

七、送友游吴越 杜荀鹤

去越从吴过，吴疆与越连。有园多种桔，无水不生莲。夜市桥边火，春风寺外船。此中偏重客，君去必经年。【注释】①吴越，指今苏杭一带。这首诗表现了吴越之地哪些特色？ “夜市桥边火”，请赏析“火”这个字的妙味。

（1、答案：江南水乡，风光秀美，物产丰饶，市镇繁荣，民风淳朴。

2、“火”字，既可使人想象夜市繁荣、热闹的景象，而“火”与桥下的水相映照，波光粼粼，更增添诗情画意。）

八、江陵愁望有寄 鱼玄机

枫叶千枝复万枝，江桥掩映暮帆迟。忆君心似西江水，日夜东流无歇时。

【注释】①⑴江陵：今湖北江陵县。②掩映：时隐时现。

1、“千枝”“万枝”与后面哪个词呼应？“枝”字的重复有什么表达效果？

2、“江桥掩映暮帆迟”，这是怎样的一幅画面？请展开联想和想象，作具体的描绘（30字左右）（答案：

1、“掩映”，通过“枝”字的重复，不仅写出了枫叶之繁茂，而且表现了思妇望君的急切心情。

2、极目远眺，但见江桥掩映于枫林之中；日已垂暮，而不见那人乘船归来。）

九、东栏梨花 苏轼

梨花淡白柳深青，柳絮飞时花满城。惆怅东栏一株雪，人生看得几清明。【注解】 雪：指梨花。新 课 标 第 一 网

除了以“雪”比喻梨花，诗歌还用了哪些词来描绘梨花？写“柳深青”有什么目的？

看着雪白的梨花，诗人为什么会产生“惆怅”的心情？（请用原诗回答），这反映了诗人怎样的思想感情？

（答案：

1、淡白、清明，是为了衬托梨花的洁白以及繁盛。

2、“人生看得几清明”，抒发了诗人感叹春光易逝，人生短促之愁情。）

十、（一）邯郸冬至夜思家 白居易

邯郸驿里逢冬至，抱膝灯前影伴身。想得家中夜深坐，还应说著远行人。

（二）九月九日忆山东兄弟（唐）王维

独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处，遍插茱萸少一人。两首诗里“远行人”、“一人”分别指谁？

诗的后两句都是诗人的想象，这从哪两个词语上看得出来？

3、“抱膝灯前影伴身”，这句描绘了诗人怎样的形象？表达了怎样的思想感情？

（答案：

1、都是指诗人自己。

2、想得、遥知。

3、诗人抱着膝盖，对着孤灯，形影相吊一直坐到深夜，表达了孤独凄苦和对家人的深切思念。）古诗赏析

阅读下面古诗，然后回答问题。春 游 湖 宋•徐俯

双飞燕子几时回？ 夹岸桃花蘸水开。春雨断桥人不渡，小舟撑出柳阴来。

1春游湖的夹岸桃花蘸水开的“蘸”用的十分传神,请作简要赏析。2“小舟撑出柳阴来”一句表现了作者什么心情？ 十 五 夜 望 月 唐•王建

中庭地白树栖鸦，冷露无声湿桂花。今夜月明人尽望，不知秋思落谁家。

1、有人认为“桂花”一词，有点题之妙，你同意吗？作简要说明。

2、将末句的“落”字改作“在”字，你认为哪一个更有表现力？为什么？

移家别湖上亭 戎 昱

好是春风湖上亭，柳条藤蔓系离情。黄莺久住浑相识，欲别频啼四五声。

1、请结合全诗简要分析诗人写了哪些景物？

2、这首诗抒发了作者怎样的思想感情？ 东 栏 梨 花 宋•苏轼

梨花淡白柳深青，柳絮飞时花满城。惆怅东栏一株雪，人生看得几清明。

1、前两句写春末夏初景物特点，找出能体现季节特点的词语。

2、本诗的诗眼是哪个词？包含了作者怎样的思想感情？ 书湖阴先生壁 王安石

茅檐长扫净无苔，花木成畦手自栽。一水护田将绿绕，两山排闼送青来。

1、诗中写景从 写到，既是对主人的赞叹，又写出了山水的情态。

2、这首诗最后两句运用了什么修辞描写自然景物？试简要分析其表达效果。渡 汉 江 宋之问

岭外音书断，经冬复历春。近乡情更怯，不敢问来人

【注释】本诗系作者从被贬地岭南逃回洛阳，途经汉江时所作。

1、赏析首句中“断”字的表达效果。

2、“近乡情更怯，不敢问来人”表达作者怎样的心情？

夜 雪 白居易

已讶衾枕冷，复见窗户明。夜深知雪重，时闻折竹声。

1、这首诗是从哪些角度描写夜雪的？

2、从诗歌描写的情景中，你可以感知到作者怎样的心境？

菊 花 元稹

秋丛绕舍似陶家，遍绕篱边日渐斜。不是花中偏爱菊，此花开尽更无花。

1、诗中第二句中“ 遍绕”“日渐”表现了怎样的情景？

2、诗人喜爱菊花的原因是什么？这首诗寄托诗人怎样的思想感情？

雨 后 池 上 刘 攽

一雨池塘水面平，淡磨明镜照檐楹。东风忽起垂杨舞，更作荷心万点声。

1、简析这首诗是怎样表现雨后池塘水面的平静的。

2、试从“静”与“动”的角度对本诗进行赏析。江郎山和韵① 宋•辛弃疾

三峰一一青如削，卓立千寻不可干②。正直相扶无倚傍，撑持天地与人看。

【注释】①和韵：唱和别人诗词，仍采用原诗的韵。②干：求取，这里指接触的意思。

1、这首诗写出了江郎山山势、的特点。

2、诗人借描绘江郎山表达了怎样的人生理想？ 答案：

1、答：拟人手法，生动形象地写出桃花开得繁密（多）；写出桃花娇艳欲滴的美丽。

2、答：表达了作者热爱大自然，喜欢美丽的春天,抒发了作者喜悦的心情。

1、答：桂花既可指庭院中的桂树，又可指传说中的月亮上的桂树，这就暗写了诗人在望月，从而表现了更丰富的美的联想，因而“桂花”有点题之妙。

2、答：“落”字更有表现力，它能给人以动的形象，仿佛那秋思随着银月的清辉一齐洒落人间似的，而“在”字就没有这样的艺术效果。

1、答：柳条、藤蔓、黄莺。

2、答：以“柳条藤蔓系离情”，黄莺的“频啼”，化无情为有情，运用拟人的手法，借物的的挽留、眷恋衬托出人与人的依依惜别之情。

1、答：淡白、深青

2、答：惆怅。作者由花开花谢，春光易逝，想到人生短暂，年华似水，发出“人生看得几清明”的感慨。“惆怅”一词包含作者对生命短促的感慨和无奈的思想感情。

1、答：院内 院外

2、答：拟人，把山水写成富有生命情感的亲切形象：水绕农田，仿佛像母亲用双手护着孩子一样；青山排闼，仿佛是争相前来为主人庭院增添色彩。

1、答：写出了诗人与亲朋音讯隔绝的现实，更突出诗人的思家之切。

2、答：诗人因自己被贬谪又逃归的特殊身份不敢向从家乡来的人问讯；表现了诗人想问又不敢问的矛盾而焦虑的复杂心情。

1、答：触觉、视觉、听觉

2、答：孤寂凄冷

1、答：表现作者痴迷、流连忘返的情景。

2、答：菊花在四季中谢得最晚（此花开尽更无花），寄托作者对高洁隐逸人格的追求和孤傲个性的自我欣赏。

1、答：水面如同刚磨过的明镜一样，倒映出池塘边的房檐和楹柱，以此来表现水面的平静。

2、答：

一、二句以“水面平”“明镜”“照檐楹”等写出了荷花池塘雨后迷人的静态。

三、四句“忽起”“垂杨舞”及垂杨叶上雨滴被风吹到荷叶上发出的万点声响等，表现了雨后池塘上的一种动态之美。诗既写了静态又写了动态，以静显动，以动衬静，动静结合，组成了一幅雨后池塘春景图。

1、答：高直、陡险

2、答：要做一个刚正不阿的人，人生要建功立业。