第一篇：考研英语习题
2014年河南特岗教师招聘考试真题汇总
日期：2015-05-25来源：本站原创 作者：编辑阅读量：3116 河南省2014年农村义务教育阶段学校特设岗位教师招聘考试试卷（满分150分时间120分钟）
一、单项选择题（本大题有20小题，每小题2分，共40分）请在每小题的四个选项中选出一个正确答案，并将正确选项的字母写在题后的括号内。不选、错选或多选者，该题无分。１.总书记指出，实现中国梦必须（）A.走中国道路，弘扬中国精神，凝聚中国力量 B.走中国道路，弘扬中国精神，凝聚世界力量 C.走中国道路，弘扬航天精神，凝聚中国力量 D.走中国道路，弘扬国际精神，凝聚中国力量
2.党的十八届三中全会《决定》提出的关于教育改革的总体部署是（）A.深化教育领域综合改革 B.推进基础教育课程改革 C.推进考试招生制度改革 D.推进管办评分离
3.社会主义核心价值观之社会层面的价值要求是（）A.富强，民主，文明，和谐 B.自由，平等，公正，法制 C.爱国，敬业，诚信，友善 D.自由，民主，诚信，法制 4.教育的基本着眼点是（）A.传授知识 B.发展智力 C.人的发展 D.社会发展
5.直接制约教育的性质和发展方向的是（）A.生产力 B.科学技术 C.政治经济制度 D.文化
6.奠定班级授课制理论基础的代表性著作是（）A.赫尔巴特的《普通教育学》 B.夸美纽斯的《大教学论》
C.巴班斯基的《教学过程最优化》 D.杜威的《民主主义与教育》 7.“中小学教师专业标准（试行）”对老师的基本专业要求涵盖三个维度，它们是（）A.专业理念与师德、专业知识、专业技能 B.专业理念与师德、专业技能、„„ C.专业理念与师德、专业知识、专业能力 D.专业理念与师德、专业知识„„
8.教师不顾学生年龄特点和实际水平，采取揠苗助长的做法，违背了儿童身心发展的（）A.顺序性 B.不均衡性 C.差异性 D.统一性
9.按学科制定的、体现国家对基础教育课程基本规范和质量要求的指导性文件是（）A.课程计划 B.教学计划 C.课程标准 D.课时计划
10.知识不是通过教师传授获得，而是学习者在一定情境下，利用学习资料生成意义的过程，这符合（）
A.行为主义学习观 B.人本主义学习观 C.新行为主义学习观 D.建构主义学习观
11.采用问卷、访谈等方式搜集有关资料，进行分析研究的科研方法是（）A.调查法 B.行动研究法 C.观察法 D.实验法
12.循循善诱、以理服人，从提高学生认识入手以调动学生主动性的德育原则是（）A.疏导原则 B.因材施教原则 C.导向性原则
D.教育一致性与连贯性原则
13.良好班集体形成的基础是（）A.明确的共同目标 B.一定的组织结构 C.共同生活的准则
D.成员间平等、心理相容的气氛
14.根据自己的生物钟安排学习活动属于学习策略中的（）A.认知策略 B.资源管理策略 C.组织策略 D.元认知策略
15.基础教育课程改革中“建立促进学生全面发展的评价体系”的理论依据是（）A.二因素理论 B.三维结构理论 C.三元智力理论 D.多元智能理论
16.小学生有错误行为时，家长便限制她看动画片，不让其从事有趣的活动，属于（）A.正强化 B.负强化 C.惩罚 D.消退
17.通过集体讨论，是思维相互撞击迸发火花，达到集思广益效果的创造性训练方法是（）A.发散思维训练 B.头脑风暴训练 C.推测与假设训练 D.自我设计训练
18.皮亚杰认知发展理论认为，7-11岁儿童的认知发展处于（）A.感知运动阶段 B.前运算阶段 C.具体运算阶段 D.形式运算阶段
19.指导学生使用“我能应付这个考试”“成绩并不重要，学会才是重要的”等正向的自我对话以缓解考试焦虑的方法是（）A.全身松弛训练法 B.系统脱敏法 C.肯定性训练法 D.改善认知法
20.动作技能练习到一定阶段时，会出现进步暂时停止或下降难以有所提高的现象是（）A.定势现象 B.迁移现象 C.退步现象 D.高原现象
二、判断题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）判断下列命题正误，正确的请在题后的括号内打“√”，错误的打“×”。
1.党的十八届三中全会提出的全面深化改革的总目标是完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化。（）
2.2014年河南省政府工作报告提出要打造富强河南、文明河南、平安河南、美丽河南。（）3.新手教师备课就是把教学内容写成详细的文字教案。（）
4.以农村教师为重点，加强教师队伍建设时促进我国教育公平的措施之一。（）5.基础教育课程改革提倡自主、合作、探究的学习方式。（）6.对学生进行思想品德教育是班主任工作的首要任务。（）7.基础教育课程改革要为学生的终身学习奠定基础。（）
8.当前的教学设计越来越倾向于从关注“学”向关注“教”转变。（）9.信息技术与学科教学整合的最终目标是帮助教师减轻教学工作量。（）10.教师职业道德的主要范畴包括教师义务、教师良心、教师荣誉。（）
11.维果斯基认为，好的教学应当先于发展，引导发展，其实质在于创造最近发展区。（）12.学生参加课外活动要体现自愿原则，活动应以小型为主。（）
13.通过教师、学生、文本之间的交流和沟通实现教学目标的行为方式是课堂导入。（）14.教学中用不同形式的直观材料或事例来说明事物的本质属性称为比较。（）15.态度与品德也可以通过观察模仿榜样的行为而习得。（）
16.能否自觉关注学生是衡量一个教师是否成熟的重要标志之一。（）17.学生为了得到老师或父母的奖励而努力学习的动机是内部动机。（）18.举一反
三、闻一知十是典型的学习迁移。（）
19.中学阶段同辈群体对人格发展的影响在某种程度上甚至超过父母。（）20.判断一个人心理健康状况应兼顾内部协调与对外良好适应两个方面。（）
三、案例分析题（本大题共2小题，每小题10分，共20分）1.城市学生杜某，大学毕业通过招教考试成为一名乡村教师。在认真备课、反复试讲后，他心情忐忑地走上讲台，刚做完自我介绍，一男生突然站起来说道：“老师，我们条件不好，学习基础又差，你会喜欢我们吗？”杜老师没有回答，微笑地看着他问：“你会不会嫌弃自己的家人？”男生马上回答：“当然不会，一家人怎么会嫌弃呢。”老师转向全班同学郑重地说：“我既然成了同学们的老师，大家就成为了一家人，我当然不会嫌弃你们了。同学们只看到了自己的不足，却没有看到自己的长处，我们农村孩子朴实、能吃苦，只要我们共同努力，都会成为优秀学生的。老师喜欢你们，看好你们！”这一开场很快抓住了孩子们的心。请从教师职业道德规范的角度对该教师的做法进行分析评价。2.某教师在教文言文《强项令》时，提了一个问题：“课文题目中的‘强项’是什么意思？”学生根据课文的注释，马上回答是“硬脖子”的意思。为了让学生对比古今词义的区别，教师又追问：“‘强项’在现代汉语中是什么意思？”这个问题一下子把学生问懵了，课堂上出现了“冷场”的局面，教师接连问了几个学生都没有答出来。课后，教师进行了认真的教学反思。第二天给另一个班上课时，该教师及时改变了提问策略。在学生找出“强项”在课文中的意思之后，教师请学生们思考：“请问你们都有什么强项？”一个学生答道：“我的强项是打乒乓球。”教师接着问：“那么，你所用的‘强项’是什么意思呢？”学生想了想说：“是‘长处’的意思。”于是，教师再次请大家思考：“‘强项’在古代汉语和现代汉语中的词义有什么差别？”学生们纷纷举手并给出正确的答案。（注：教学对象为七年级学生）请运用有关教学理论对此案例进行分析评价。
四、论述题（本大题共1题，15分）
请结合学科教学谈谈如何培养学生解决问题的能力。
五、教学设计题（本大题共1题，15分）
请根据所提供的教学材料和学生情况，按要求完成教学设计。
1、教学材料：八年级思想品德《诚信的智慧》。
诚信的品德是高尚的，诚信的要求是确定的，但做到诚信的具体条件又是非常复杂的。我们对诚信的理解应与具体的情境结合起来，在现实生活中作出诚信的正确选择。
对人诚实与尊重他人隐私，往往相互关联且常常发生冲突。面对这一两难选择，我们该正确把握二者之间的关系。一方面，“以诚待人，以信交友”是人际交往的基本准则。我们应当恪守诚实的品德；另一方面，尊重隐私又是待人坦诚的前提，是维持良好关系、良好沟通的基础。尊重他人隐私，未经本人同意不得将其公开，也是我们在交往中应有的品德。当二者发生冲突时，我们要结合具体情境，坚持原则，权衡利弊，按照实际情况，妥善处理。诚实与说谎是水火不相容的，做诚实的人就不应该撒谎。然而，我们生活的环境是多变的，人的思维方式、行为方式也不是直线式的。在特定的交往情境中，有时需要我们，隐瞒事情的某些真相，说些“善意的谎言”。但这不是出于个人的“私利”，而恰恰是维护诚信的需要。从根本上说，善意的谎言并不违背诚实的道德。
诚信的核心是善。尽管诚信问题上有各种复杂情况，但只要我们正确理解诚信，与人为善，出以公心、永不自欺，我们就能拥有诚信的智慧，做一个诚信的人。
六、作文题（40分）
阅读下面的材料，请自选角度，自拟题目，写一篇不低于600字的文章。除诗歌外，文体不限。
2014年3月17日晚，周口市郸城县秋渠一中校长张伟连续工作三个昼夜，因过度劳累突发脑干出血，经全力抢救无效，不幸去世，年仅42岁。从教20年来，张伟同志在农村教育教学第一线，他常说“干教育是个良心活，我献身教育一生无悔”。作为教师，他承担两个学科以上的教学任务，爱岗敬业，知识渊博，教学艺术性强，同时作为一名校长，他以身作则，科学管理，把一所落后的乡村中学办成了远近闻名的优质学校。他甘于清贫，面对高薪聘请不为所动。他被广大师生和群众誉为“践行焦裕禄精神的好校长”“学生心目中的好老师”。
第二篇：英语习题
周末提高班-----英语练习（2011年9月11日）
将下列短语译成英语
1．数码相机2.校刊
3．一本普通的杂志4。很大的优势
5．在学校网站上6。被电脑取代
7．为杂志写点东西
9．在回家的路上
11．姚明照片的海报
13．既昂贵又稀有
15．20世纪初叶
17．因特网的引入
19．据说
21．校际篮球赛
23．一场艰苦的比赛
25．没有机会
27．体育英雄
29．体育年鉴别方法
31．一夜成名
33．特别项目
35．奥运金牌
37．成功的商人
39．创建
8。照几张学校舞蹈和篮球的相片10。翻阅报纸12。结果14。很大地发展16。迅速传播18。最早的印刷书籍20。不久的将来22。代表24。给《新标准》写篇报道26。允许和我们看电影28。首先30。被邀请做广告32。开始训练34。跨栏天赋36。训练计划38。少年体校40。拥挤的体育馆 1
将下列句子译成英语
1． 父母们常常把自己的孩子同别人的作比较。
2． 他会被鼓励在体育之外花费更多的时间吗？
3． 让尽可能多的学生回答你的问题。
4． 你知道电话是什么时候发明的吗？
5． 我宁愿打乒乓球也不愿意游泳。
6． 教室里必须保持干净。
7． 她太兴奋了以至于不能说一句话。
8． 保护环境是我们的责任。
9． 我想弄清楚我是否年纪太大而不能学驾驶了。
10． 学生们不允许在阅览室里说话。
将下列句子变成被动态形式
1． Who will we choose to represent China in the next Olympics?
2． How many gold medals did we win at the Athens Olympics?
3． My mother often makes me do some housework.4． I saw Jack helping a blind man cross the street yesterday.5． Have you posted the letters yet?
6． We should hand in our exercises on time every day.7． We can download music from Internet.8． She took these photos on the Great Wall last week..单选
1． A lot of stories ________ by Granny when I was young.A.told meB.are told meC.were told meD.were told to me
2． Older people ________ well.A.looks afterB.must be looked afterC.must look afterD.looked after
3.So far, the moon _________ by man already.A.is visitedB.will be visitedC.has been visitedD.was visited
4.These bananas look different from those ones.They______here from Taiwan yesterday.A.are broughtB.were broughtC.would beD.had been
5.This kind of books sells well.They________ already.A.sold outB.have sold outC.are sold outD.have been sold out
6.The new hall is the tallest building in the town.__________ from here ?
A.Can it seeB.Can it seenC.Can it be seenD.Can see
7.Great changes ________ in our city.Many tall buildings _________.A.have taken place , have set upB.have taken place, have been set up
C.were taken place, were set upC.have been taken place , have been set up
8.Cotton ________ in the southeast of China.A.is grownB.are grownC.growsD.grow
9.The sick boy ________ to hospital by the police yesterday.A.tookB.is takenC.was takenD.had taken
10.The books on this shelf must not _________ out of the library.A.are borrowedB.be borrowedC.borrowedD.borrow
11.Why are you still here? They are all ready to start.I’m sorry , but I __________ when to start.A.don’t tellB.didn’t tellC.haven’t toldD.wasn’t told
12.The mistakes in the exercises will ________ the teacher.A.crossB.be crossingC.be crossed byD.cross by
13.Three quarters of the world’s newspapers and magazines ________ English.A.write inB.is written inC.are written ofD.are written in
14.The national flag _______ in our school every morning.A.is risingB.is raisedC.is raisingD.is risen
15.A.talk on Chinese history _________ in the school hall next week.A.is givenB.has been giveC.will be givenD.gives
16.He met many problems ________ he was going over his lessons.A.beforeB.as soon asC.sinceD.while
17.David, is that man your head teacher?
It________ be him.He is the tallest in our school
A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.won’t
18.----Would you please _______ me your raincoat ?-----Sure, here you are.A.lendB.borrowC.giveD.pass
完形填空
Yesterday the police were joined by more than 20 volunteers in the continuing search for the two missing teenagers, Vicky Gray and Tom Hunter, and their guide, Gavin Jones.The police said that they had ____36___during an adventure(冒险)tour of Cape York Peninsula.This was the second day of the search and the police were now very worried about the ___37___ of the missing people.The police said that the search had covered a ___38___ area, but the rainforest was thick and their work was made harder by the recent rain.Later on Chief Officer, Roger Fleet, said, “The travelers had a ___39___ with them.If they had been in trouble, they would have called us.”
The three travelers left Cooktown very early on Saturday morning in a Toyota car.They took a small dirt road that ___40____ down to the Daintree River, a ___41___ river full of crocodiles.Roger Fleet said the tourists wouldn’t have ___42____trouble if they had stayed on the main road.A photo of Vicky and Tom was ___43____ by a policeman under the “Be Careful about crocodiles” sign near the river.Why was the photo left behind? This is just one of the unanswered questions.___44____ questions are: Why was the photo left behind? Why was the Toyota parked and locked at the edge of the rainforest? The police said that the travelers had ___45____ a map of the area behind.Why? Why had someone drawn a cross on the point ___46___the car is? Is this a sign? What does it mean? If anyone can give ___47___ or has seen these three young people, contact the local police in Cooktown.297
36.A.failed B.disappeared C.missedD.injured
37.A.danger B.health C.safety D.journey
38.A.wideB.big C.small D.narrow
39.A.mapB.book C.radio D.card
40.A.walksB.swims C.jumps D.runs
41.A.wonderfulB.interesting C.dangerous D.terrible
42.A.got outB.got into C.got off D.got up
43.A.heardB.thought C.caught D.found
44.A.Other B.Another C.Some D.Any
45.A.leftB.taken C.drawn D.seen
46.A.whatB.why C.which D.where
47.A.invitationB.information C.instruction D.interview
阅读理解 1
(A)
48.If you want to be a ________, you can call AL Hotel.A.waiterB.reporterC.cleanerD.driver
49.If you want to work as a reporter, you should call ________.A.5564779B.7665898C.5583366D.6338001
50.How long does Mr.Green need a baby sitter to work?
A.One day.B.Two days.C.A week.D.Half a month.(B)
Mr.King works in a shop and drives a car for the manager.He drives carefully and can keep calm in time of danger.The manager pays him more.Mr.Baker, one of his friends, works in a factory outside the city.It is far from his house and he has to go to work by bus.As the traffic is crowded in the morning, sometimes he is late for the work.He hopes to buy a car, but he hasn’t enough money.He decides to buy an old one.He chose a beautiful but cheap car.He said he wanted to have a trial(实验)drive, the seller agreed.He called Mr.King and asked him to help him.Mr.King examined the car at first and then drove it away.At first he drove slowly and it worked well.Then he drove fast.And when he reached a crossing, the light turned red.He tried to stop it, but he failed and nearly hit an old woman.A policeman told him to stop, but the car went on until it hit a big tree by the road.What made such a good driver make this kind of mistake?
51.Mr.King is paid more because he ________.A.always drives very slowlyB.is not afraid of danger
C.has driven for yearsD.drives very well
52.Mr.Baker decides to ________.A.buy a second-hand carB.have a trial drive
C.choose a new carD.sell his old car
53.Mr.King tried to stop the car when ________.A.he saw an old woman crossing the street
B.he saw a big tree by the road
C.the traffic lights turned red
D.the policeman shouted angrily at him
(C)
Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes(基因)decide.In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent.If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you're going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out.But genes don't decide everything.For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential(潜力).Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height.No doubt you're wondering how fast you should grow.It depends.There's no perfect or right answer.Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches(6 centimeters)a year between age 3 and Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years.Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you're at now, how you've been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through.Don't be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time.Everyone has a growth spurt（高峰）during puberty.The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys.But it can be earlier or later---between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys.You'll usually begin to notice that you're growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty.(298)
54.What does the word “puberty” mean ________.A.A period that you are a young child
B.A period that your body looks like a baby
C.A period that you develop your habits
D.A period that your body changes quickly
55.If you want to know how fast and how tall you should grow, ________.A.you should have enough exercise
B.you can ask doctors for help
C.you should save the environment
D.You can record your growth during puberty
56.After reading the passage, we can infer ________?
A.how good it is to be a doctor
B.how much sleep time we need
C.why genes can’t decide everything
D.what healthy diet is
第三篇：英语习题
I don't think it was a good idea._________? 2.I didn't imagine that they would say anything._________? 3.I don't think she will come this afternoon._________? 4.I don’t think they came back two months ago _______？ 5.I don’t believe that he could translate this book ______? 6.I do not think he could have done such a stupid thing last night,_____? A.did he B.could he C.do I D.has not he 7.They don’t believe I am right,_? A do they
B don’t they C am I
D aren’t I 8.I don’t think she is right ,_? A do I
B don’t I C isn’t he D is he 9._---I don’t think I can ass the exam._--____it is much too difficult for us.10— Do you have enough to all your daily expenses? Oh yes, enough and to spare.A cover
B send C offer
D fill Will eighty dollars enough?-------Another twenty_____.A will go B will cover C will fix D will do 12 $100 a month could hardly----the cost of his life in such a big city in this country.A.spend B.take C.cover D.meet 13 The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed__ my memory A.on
B.in
C.with
D.by 14 His parents tried to ____on him that it is necessary to be honest.A.expect B.impress C.influence D.effect
第四篇：英语习题
黑龙江学位英语考试真题强化训练(150 minutes)
Paper One(90 minutes)Part I.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points;15 minutes)
Directions: Each of the following sentences is provided with four choices.Choose the one that best completes the sentence.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.In no circumstances __________ a lie.A.you should tell B.shouldn't you tell C.you shouldn't tell D.should you tell 2.__________they managed to take from the tombs, there seemed to be no end to the valuable.A.What B.Which C.How much D.However much 3.The ten-page report may __________ one simple point: it's impractical to establish a chemical plant in that region with so many difficulties and oppositions.A.get down to B.come down to C.settle down D.take down 4.Don't do that again!You not only endangered yourself, but also put your friend __________.A.as a result B.at length C.at risk D.by mistake 5.“Perhaps you should go home now.” “No, I __________ on staying here for a while longer.” A.persist B.stick C.sit D.insist 6.__________ a major disaster will get us to realize that we can't go on destroying the rain forests of the world.A.Anything but B.Nothing but C.But that D.Everything hut 7.We went very often to Hyde Park __________ speakers addressed the passing crowds on different subjects.A.which B.where C.that D.for 8.The matter __________ you were arguing about last night had been settled.A.as B.that C.for which D.what 9.The Chinese Red Cross __________ a generous sum to the relief of the physically disabled.A.assigned B.contributed C.furnished D.administered 10.The motorway __________ we drive to work is always crowded.A.that B.on which C.which D.on that 11.If he __________ promotion, he would be an important man today.A.gained B.had gained C.gains D.was to gain 12.Will the AIDS patients benefit __________ the new drug? A.out of B.through C.upon D.from 13.Fond of singing as she is, she is __________ a good singer by profession.A.everything but B.anything but C.nothing but D.something but 14.Could you tell me __________ to fly from Chicago to New York? A.it costs how much B.how much does it cost C.how much costs it D.how much it costs 15.I was very tired.Otherwise, I ___________ to the theatre with you.A.had gone B.would go C.went D.would have gone 16.He couldn't even __________ a cow from a horse.A.tell B.contrast C.compare D.recognize 17.Are you sure Mr.Johnson will show you __________ the new computer? A.to use B.using C.how to use D.what to use 18.Quite a lot of people watch TV only to __________ time.A.waste B.spend C.kill D.pass 19.The soldiers were put in prison because they __________ to obey orders..A.refused B.rejected C.denied D.objected 20.I missed the train and __________ was late for school.A.finally B.eventually C.subsequently D.consequently Part II.Cloze Test(10 points；20 minutes)Directions: Read the passage through.Then, go back and choose one suitable word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D for each blank in the passage.Blacken the corresponding letter of the word or phrase you have chosen on the Answer Sheet.Geography is the study of the relationship between people and the land.Geographers（地理学家）compare and contrast 21 places on the earth.But they also 22 beyond the inpidual places and consider the earth as a 23.The world geography 24 from two Greek words, ge, the Greek word for “earth” and graphein, 25 means “to write”.The English word geography means, “to describe the earth”.26 Geography books focus on a small area 27 a town or city.Others deal with a state, a region, a nation, or an 28 continent.Many geography books deal with the whole earth.Another 29 to pide the study of 30 is to distinguish between physical geography and cultural geography.The former focuses on the natural world;the 31 starts with human beings and 32 how human beings and their subject, 33 branch can neglect the other.But when geography is considered as a single subject, 34 branch can neglect the other.A geographer might be described 35 one who observes records and explains the __36_ between places.If places 37 alike, there would be little need for geographers.We know, however, 38 no two places are exactly the same.Geography, 39 is a point of view, a special way of 40 at places.21.A.similar B.various C.distant D.famous 22.A.pass B.reach C.go D.set 23.A.whole B.unit C.part D.total 24.A.falls B.removes C.results D.comes 25.A.what B.that C.which D.it 26.A.Some B.Many C.Most D.Few 27.A.outside B.except C.like D.as 28.A.extensive B.enormous C.overall D.entire 29.A.way B.means C.habits D.technique 30.A.world B.earth C.globe D.geography 31.A.second B.latter C.next D.later 32.A.learns B.realizes C.studies D.believes 33.A.upon B.for C.as D.to 34.A.either B.neither C.one D.each 35.A.for B.to C.by D.as 36.A.exception B.differences C.sameness D.pisions 37.A being B.are C.were D.be 38.A.although B.whether C.since D.that 39.A.then B.nevertheless C.still D.moreover 40.A.working B.getting C.arriving D.looking Part III.Reading Comprehension(40 points;55 minutes)Section 1 Directions: Each of the following three passages is followed by some questions.For each question there are four choices.Choose the best answer to each question.Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.Passage One
Questions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Banks are ordinarily prepared to pay out all accounts;they rely on depositors not to demand payment all at the same time.If depositors should come to fear that a bank is not sound, that it cannot pay off its depositors, then that fear might cause all the depositors to appear on the same day.If they did, the bank could not pay all the accounts.However, if they did not all appear at once, then there would always be funds to pay those who wanted their money when they wanted it.Mrs.Elsie Vaught has told us of a terrifying bank run that she experienced.One day in December of 1925 several banks failed to open in a city where Mrs.Vaught lived.The other banks anticipated a run the next day, and so the officers of the bank in which Mrs.Vaught worked as a teller had enough funds in hand to pay off as many depositors as might apply.The officers simply instructed the tellers to pay on demand.Next morning a crowd gathered in the bank and on the sidewalk outside.The length of the line convinced many that the bank could not possibly pay off everyone.People began to push and then to fight for places near the tellers' windows.Clothing was torn and limbs were broken, but the jam continued for hours.The power of the panic atmosphere is evident in the fact that two tellers, though they knew that the bank was sound and could pay out all depositors, nevertheless withdrew the funds in their own accounts.Mrs.Vaught says that she had difficulty restraining herself from doing the same.41.A bank run occurs when __________.A.a bank is closed for one or more days B.too many depositors attempt to draw out their money at one time C.there is not enough money to pay all of its depositors at one time D.employees of a bank take their own funds out of the bank 42.The tellers in Mrs.Vaught's bank were told to __________.A.explain why they could not pay out all deposits B.pay out deposits as requested C.assure customers that the bank was sound D.pay out money as slowly as possible 43.The essential cause of a run on a bank is __________.A.loss of confidence B.lack of sufficient funds C.crowds of people D.inefficient tellers 44.Which of the following did Mrs.Vaught say? A.She knew that the bank was not sound.B.She feared that too many withdrawals would close the bank.C.She was not able to draw out her money.D.She was tempted to draw out her money.45.According to the passage, the actions of the customers of Mrs.Vaught's bank were influenced chiefly by the __________.A.ease with which they could obtain their money B.confidence demonstrated by other customers of the bank C.confidence that Mrs.Vaught demonstrated D.failure of several other banks to open Passage Two Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Gravity holds us so dose to the Earth's surface that nobody can jump more than a few feet into the air without the force of gravity pulling him down.It takes a powerful engine to keep an airplane up in the air.If you throw a ball upwards as hard as you can, you will notice that it travels in a curved path before it comes back to the ground.If the Earth had no gravity, the ball, instead of traveling in a curve, would move away in a straight line;in fact, it would never come back to the ground.If the Earth were to lose its pull of gravity, we should all fly off it as it spins round in space.The Earth has a strong pull, but modem rockets going out into space are able to escape from the gravity, because they travel so quickly.With the ball thrown into the air, the height reached by the ball depends upon how hard it is thrown.The greater the starting-speed, the higher the ball will go.If it could be thrown so that it traveled fast enough, the ball would escape into space and never come back.Nobody can throw a ball as fast at this, but powerful rocket engines can send spaceships away from the Earth at such a speed that the Earth's gravity is not able to pull them back.This is how we can now send rockets to the Moon.46.Gravity holds us dose the Earth's surface, and as a result, __________.A.we can lift ourselves no more than a few feet above the Earth B.nobody can jump a few feet into the air C.no one will be pulled down D.any one of us can Jump as high as expected 47.What would happen to a ball thrown upwards if there were no gravity? A.It would spin round in space.B.It would fly off into space C.It would fall into a curved path.D.It would move towards the Earth.48.The ball thrown into the air would never come back to the ground __________.A.without such a powerful horizontal push B.if it were thrown upwards as hard as you can C.should it travel in a curved path D.were it not for gravity 49.The height the ball will reach depends on __________.A.the escape velocity B.the limiting velocity C.its starting velocity D.its traveling speed 50.What is it that makes it possible to put a spaceship into orbit? A.the Earth's gravity B.a strong pull C.a powerful engine D.the powerful rocket engine Passage Three Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Does a bee know what is going on its mind when it navigates its way to distant food sources and back to the hive, using polarized sunlight and the tiny magnet it carries as an aid? Or is the bee just a machine?(Unable to do its mathematics and dance its language in any other way to use Donald Griffin's term)Does a bee have “awareness”, or to use a phrase I like better, can a bee think and imagine? There is an experiment for this, or at least an observation, made long ago by Karl Von Frisch and more recently confirmed by James Gould at Princeton, biologists who wish to study such things as bees to fly from the hive to one or another special place.To do this, they begin by placing a source of sugar very close to the hive so that the bees can learn what the game is about.Then, at regular intervals, the dish or whatever is moved progressively farther and farther from the hive.Eventually, the target is being moved 100 feet or more at a jump, very far from the hive.Sooner or later, while this process is going on, the geologists shifting the dish of sugar will find the bees are out there waiting for them precisely where the next position had been planned.This is an uncomfortable observation to make.51.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.The Bee Hive: Nature's Candy Shop B.Testing the Awareness of Bees C.Navigational Techniques of Birds and Insects D.Behaviorists Versus Biologists: A Zoological Debate 52.In the second paragraph why is Karl Von Frisch mentioned? A.To introduce his observation on bee behavior.B.To contrast his theories with those of James Gould.C.To give credit to his description of the bee hive.D.To support the argument that bees use sunlight to navigate.53.According to the author, why was sugar used in the study? A.To keep the bees nourished and healthy during the experiment.B.To train the bees to travel to a particular place.C.To reward the bees for performing the experiment correctly.D.To ensure that the bees did not sting the scientists.54.The result of the experiment explained in the passage seems to indicate which of the following? A.Research using bees is too dangerous to be conducted successfully.B.Bees are unable to navigate beyond 100 feet of their hive.C.Scientists can teach bees to speak to people.D.Bees are able to perform limited reasoning tasks.55.Which of the following best describes the format of the passage? A.a response to criticism B.a comparison of two competing theories C.a question followed by a possible answer D.a position supported by scientific debate Section 2 Directions: Read the following passage, and then decide whether the statements are true(A)or false(B).Then blacken the corresponding letter（A or B）on the Answer Sheet.(对的在答题卡上划A, 错的在答题卡上划B)Passage Four Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage: Mrs.Green gave her husband her letters to post when he was going to work.But sometimes Mr.Green forgot to do so and kept them in his pocket for days.One fine morning in March, Mrs.Green asked him to post a letter.“Please post this letter and don't forget,' she said.Mr.Green put the letter in his pocket and said, ”I am sure to post this one.“ Mrs.Green smiled and said, ”Yes, I believe that you will this time.“ Mrs.Green looked at his back, and was still smiling when she closed the door.Mr.Green walked slowly along the street.Soon a man came up from behind him.When he walked by, the man looked back and smiled, ”Don't forget to post the letter!“ Then a girl walked by, and she turned and smiled, too.”Don't forget to post that letter!“ she said.Mr.Green said to himself, ”Why are these people smiling at me? And how do they know I have a letter to post?“ At last he came to a post office, posted the letter, and walked on.But after a while, a boy came up from behind him and asked him, ”Did you post your letter?“ ”Yes, I did,“ said Mr.Green.”Then I can take off this paper,“ said the boy.He took a large piece of paper from the back of Mr.Green's coat and showed it to him.On the paper were these words-”Ask him to post the letter.“()56.Mrs.Green asked her husband to post her letters on his way home.()57.Mr.Green sometimes forgot to post the letters immediately.()58.Many people in the street knew Mr.Green.()59.Mr.Green had his wife put the large piece of paper on his back.()60.The paper on his back was a good hint to help Mr.Green remember to post the letter.Paper Two(60 minutes)Part IV.Short Answer Questions(10 points;15 minutes)Directions: In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words(not exceeding 10 words.)Write your answers on the Answer Sheet of Paper Two.（请将此部分的答案写在试卷二的答题纸上）
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.Thank-you cards seem to be rare in an age when the Internet continues to reduce human contact．
Although our society has changed greatly over the past century，the etiquette(礼节)of thank-you notes has not．
While most people would agree that thank-you notes are a necessity，there are still those who forever delay or are forgetful for unknown reasons．
And at no time of the year are thank-you notes more obvious(or lacking)than June．The month of brides and graduations，and the beginning of summer parties．
”It's a must-do thing．A real thank-you does not come by e-mail．They come in the mail in an envelope.And what comes out of an envelope is a beautiful thing to touch and to pass around for everyone to read，“said etiquette expert Letitia Baldrige．
Don't think for a second that Baldrige is old-fashioned.Handwritten thank-you notes-any handwritten letters，for that matter-have taken on an air of extra importance and dignity(尊严)in this e-hyper(超电子)world．
Baldrige remains hopeful that the art may be enjoying a renaissance(复兴)． More than simply obeying rules of etiquette，thank-you cards are a sign of caring．
”They're more important now than ever，“expert Peter Post says．”You're building a relationship．And part of building that relationship is that you acknowledge(表示谢意)when someone has done something nice for you．'' The payoff(回报)，Post says，can be huge．“It perpetuates(延续)，”he says．“The more we do it，the more it comes back to us，and it's a benefit to us a11．It makes our world a little bit nicer place to live in.” 61.The writer thinks the Internet ________________________________________.62.Baldrige argues that a thank-you note should be __________________________ 63.A thank-you note should be handwritten because it takes on an air of _________ ____________________ 64.To build a relationship，you should give thanks to someone who________________________ 65.The passage is mainly about _______________________________________.Part V.Writing(30 points;45 minutes)Task 1(10points;15minutes)Directions: Write a letter of about 80 words(从略)Task 2(20points;30minutes)Directions: For this part, you are required to write a short essay of about 150 words(从略)1-5 DDBCD 6-10 BBBBB 11-15 BDBDD.16-20 ACCAD 21-25 B CADC 26-30 ACDAD 31-35 BCABD 36-40 BCDAD 41-45 BBADD 46-50 ABDCD 51-55 BABDC 56-60 F T F F T 61.reduces human contact 62.handwritten and sent in an envelope 63.extra importance and dignity 64.has done something nice for you 65.the role of thank-you notes
第五篇：2014考研英语
2014考研英语(一)考试大纲原版
I.考试性质
英语
（一）考试是为高等学校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的全国统一入学考试科目，其目的是科学、公平、有效地测试考生对英语语言的运用能力，评价的标准是高等学校非英语专业本科毕业生所能达到的及格或及格以上水平，以保证被录取者具有一定的英语水平，并有利于各高等学校和科研院所在专业上择优选拔。II.考试形式和试卷结构
（一）考试形式
考试形式为笔试。考试时间为180分钟。满分为100分。
试卷包括试题册和答题卡。答题卡分为答题卡1和答题卡2。考生应将1~45题的答案按要求填涂在答题卡1上，将46~52题的答案写在答题卡2上。
（二）试卷结构
试题分三部分，共52题，包括英语知识运用、阅读理解和写作。
第一部分英语知识运用
该部分不仅考查考生对不同语境中规范的语言要素（包括词汇、表达方式和结构）的掌握程度，而且还考查考生对语段特征（如连贯性和一致性等）的辨识能力等。共20小题，每小题0.5分，共10分。
在一篇240~280词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。考生在答题卡1上作答。第二部分阅读理解
该部分由A、B、C三节组成，考查考生理解书面英语的能力。共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。
A节（20小题）：主要考查考生理解主旨要义、具体信息、概念性含义，进行有关的判断、推理和引申，根据上下文推测生词的词义等能力。要求考生根据所提供的4篇（总长度
约为1 600词）文章的内容，从每题所给出的4个选项中选出最佳答案。考生在答题卡1上作答。
B节（5小题）：主要考查考生对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征以及文章结构的理解。本部分有3种备选题型。每次考试从这3种备选题型中选择一种进行考查。考生在答题卡1上作答。备选题型有：
1）本部分的内容是一篇总长度为500~600词的文章，其中有5段空白，文章后有6~7段文字。要求考生根据文章内容从这6~7段文字中选择能分别放进文章中5个空白处的5段。
2）在一篇长度约500~600词的文章中，各段落的原有顺序已被打乱。要求考生根据文章的内容和结构将所列段落（7~8个）重新排序，其中有2~3个段落在文章中的位置已经给出。
3）在一篇长度约500词的文章前或后有6~7段文字或6~7个概括句或小标题。这些文字或标题分别是对文章中某一部分的概括、阐述或举例。要求考生根据文章内容，从这6~7个选项中选出最恰当的5段文字或5个标题填入文章的空白处。
C节（5小题）*：主要考查考生准确理解概念或结构较复杂的英语文字材料的能力。要求考生阅读一篇约400词的文章，并将其中5个画线部分（约150词）译成汉语，要求译文准确、完整、通顺。考生在答题卡2上作答。第三部分 写作
该部分由A、B两节组成，主要考查考生的书面表达能力。共30分。A节：
考生根据所给情景写出约100词（标点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等。
考生在答题卡2上作答。共10分。
B节：考生根据提示信息写出一篇160~200词的短文（标点符号不计算在内）。提示信息的形式有主题句、写作提纲、规定情景、图、表等。考生在答题卡2上作答。共20分。
*硕士研究生入学考试将英译汉试题作为阅读理解的一部分，其目的是测试考生根据上下文准确理解概念或复杂结构并用汉语正确予以表达的能力。
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语
（一）试卷结构表
指
题
导
目
部分
节为考生提供的信息 语
语
量
言
I 英语知
1篇文章（240-280英
识运用（10分）理解主旨要义、具体信息、4篇文章（共约 1 英A
600词）
II 阅读理解（60
B
分）
词）
语 征以及文章结构的理解
1篇文章（500-600英
语 断、推理和引申，根据上下选一）
文推测生词的词义等 对连贯性、一致性等语段特
选择搭配题
概念性含义，进行有关的判多项选择题（四40
卷）
词）
语
一）
答题卡1（机器阅
词汇、语法和结构
选择题（四选10
完形填空 多项
测试要点
题型
数
分 类 计
答题卡种
1篇文章（约400英理解概念或结构较复杂的C 5处画线部分（约
语 英语文字材料
150词）规定情景或汉语文英A 章
III 写作（30分）英
B 规定情景、图、表
语
等
书面表达 语 述
英译汉 5 10
答题卡2（人工阅
书面表达 归纳、概括、表应用文（约100
词）
卷、机器登分）
短文写作
（160~200词）20
总计
＋
III.考 查 内 容
考生应掌握下列语言知识和技能：(一)语言知识
1.语法知识
考生应能熟练地运用基本的语法知识。
本大纲没有专门列出对语法知识的具体要求，其目的是鼓励考生用听、说、读、写的实践代替单纯的语法知识学习，以求考生在交际中能更准确、自如地运用语法知识。2.词汇
考生应能掌握5 500左右的词汇以及相关词组(详见附录)。
除掌握词汇的基本含义外，考生还应掌握词汇之间的词义关系，如同义词、近义词、反义词等；掌握词汇之间的搭配关系，如动词与介词、形容词与介词、形容词与名词等；掌握词汇生成的基本知识，如词源、词根、词缀等。
英语语言的演化是一个世界范围内的动态发展过程，它受到科技发展和社会进步的影响。这意味着需要对本大纲词汇表不断进行研究和定期的修订。
此外，全国硕士研究生入学英语统一考试是为非英语专业考生设置的。考虑到交际的需要，考生还应自行掌握与本人工作或专业相关的词汇，以及涉及个人好恶、生活习惯和宗教信仰等方面的词汇。(二)语言技能*1.阅读
考生应能读懂选自各类书籍和报刊的不同类型的文字材料(生词量不超过所读材料总词汇量的3%)，还应能读懂与本人学习或工作有关的文献资料、技术说明和产品介绍等。对所读材料，考生应能：1)理解主旨要义；2)理解文中的具体信息；3)理解文中的概念性含义；4)进行有关的判断、推理和引申；5)根据上下文推测生词的词义；
6)理解文章的总体结构以及上下文之间的关系；
7)理解作者的意图、观点或态度；8)区分论点和论据。2.写作
考生应能写不同类型的应用文，包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，以及一般描述性、叙述性、说明性或议论性的文章。写作时，考生应能：1)做到语法、拼写、标点正确，用词恰当；2)遵循文章的特定文体格式；
3)合理组织文章结构，使其内容统一、连贯；4)根据写作目的和特定读者，恰当选用语域*。
*考生应能掌握的语言技能包括听、说、读、写四种能力。但是由于听力能力和口语能力的考查在复试中进行，因此这里只列出读和写两种技能。
*指在书面和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象，所采用的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的话语。
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