第一篇：语法系列复习专题十一-----状语从句、常用动词及搭配(一)
语法系列复习专题十一-----状语从句、常用动词及搭配
（一）状语从句
状语从句有时间、地点、原因、目的、方式、结果、条件、让步等八种。
一、时间状语从句：
引导词有after，before，as，once，since，till，until，when，whenever，while，as soon as，the moment/minute„（一„就），the time,the day,every time,next time,each time，by the time of，no sooner„than（一„就），hardly„when（一„就）．例如：
Each/Every time he comes here,he will drop in on me.每次他来这儿他都顺便看我．
He was ill last time I saw him.上次我见到他时他病了．
No sooner had she heard the news than she cried.她一听到这个消息就哭了． [辨析]when与while when引导的从句动词可以是延续性的或短暂性的，while引导的从句中动词必须是延续性的；在“be„when„”句式中when表“at that time(就在这时)”意，这样用的when不能换为while；while有时并不表示时间，而表示对比，意“而”、“却”，when无这样的用法。例如：When I got home I found the door locked./While(或When)we were working in the fields,it suddenly began to rain./He was wandering through the streets when a bike hit him./His pencil is red,while mine is yellow.[辨析]till与until 一般情况下可以互换，但until可以位于句首，till则不能。例如：
Until it stops raining，the children cant go out.雨停了，孩子们才能出去． ＝Not until the rain stops can the children go out.二、地点状语从句
引导词有where，wherever.例如：
Ill go wherever the people want me to go.(wherever＝to any place where)He works where his grandfather fought.(where＝in the place where)Where there is a will,there is a way.(Where＝In the place where)
三、原因状语从句
引导词有because,since,as,now(that)(既然)回答以why提出的问题时，只能用because,而不能用as等。
since＝now(that),表“既然”意，表示已知的或明显的原因，由此加以推论。例如：
Now that/Since you are free today,you may have a rest at home or go out for a walk.for 是一个并列连词，用来连接两个并列句，引导的句子是对前面一句话的内容的推测或补充说明。例如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet./The day has broken,for the birds are singing.(这两句中的for都不可换为because或as,since等。)
四、目的状语
引导词有so that,in order that,that,in case（免得，以防）。目的状语从句谓语常含有can/could/may/might/will/would等情态动词。例如：
He ran as fast as possible in order that he could catch the bus./Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget.请明天再提醒我一下，以免我忘记。
五、方式（或比较）状语从句
引导词有as,as if,as though,than,as/so„as,the more„the more.例如：
Tom is not so/as tall as John./It looks as if it is going to rain./He runs faster than I.注：as„as既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句，so„as只能用于否定句。
六、结果状语从句
引导词有so„that,such„that,so that.例如： 1.He works so hard that he makes great progress in his studies.2.Its such a difficult problem that nobody can work it out.3.Theres not any noise here so that I feel very comfortable.第3个例句中so that从句不是目的状语从句，从结构上看没有can,may等情态动词，从意思上看I feel very comfortalbe是Theres not any noise的结果．
七、条件状语从句
引导词有if,unless,as/so long as,on condition that,in case（如果）等，从句的时态用一般现在时（含现在完成时），一般过去时（含过去完成时）分别代替一般将来时和过去将来时。例如：
If it rains tomorrow,I wont go there./He said he would not go back home unless he had achieved a lot./Ill study so long as.Im alive./In case he come,let me know.如果他来的话，告诉我一声。
If 引导的条件句可以是真实性条件句，也可以是非真实性条件句（用于虚拟语气）
八、让步状语从句
引导词有though,although,even if,even though,as,whoever,whatever, however,no matter＋what/who/when/„等。例如：
Though/Although he is ill,he still goes to school./She started her experiment,even though she had little money./Whatever you found,you must turn it in./However hard he worked,he hardly made any progress.as 作“尽管”意时，一般将其句中的表语放在句首，例如：Young as he is,he knows a lot.＝Although he is young,he knows a lot.若表语为名词，冠词要省略，例如：
Child as/though he is,he has remembered a lot of English words.(此句中though不可换为although)although或though不能与but同时出现在一个复合句中，但是“Although/Though„，(and)yet„”句式却是正确的。例如：
Although it is raining heavily,yet they are repairing the bridge.状语从句考点分析
1.If you go to Xian,you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly.(上海高考)A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose 析：than后实际上是一个比较状语从句的省略式，其完整形式是than they are commonly supposed.所以答案为B.2.We wont give up we should fail ten times.(NMET)A.even if B.since C.whether D.until 析：观察题干，空白处应填一表“即使”之意的词，故应选A.3.－What was the party like? －Wonderful.Its years I enjoyed myself so much.(NMET)A.after B.when C.before D.since
析：答话者既然说“Wonderful”,那么后面的话必然是对此作进一步的补充说明，只有选Ｄ项才能表达“我多年未曾这么开心过了”意思。注意这儿的since从
句中谓语动词enjoyed是延续动词，该句相当于I havent enjued myself so much for years.4.John plays football ,if not better than,David.(NMET)A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as 析：if not better than是插入语，可将其撇开，这时空白处要填as well as才
能与David相连接，D项在此不可用(so„as只能用于否定句)。A、C两项皆少 as，故答案为B。
5.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty, great it is.(NMET)A.what B.how C.however D.whatever 析：观察题目，可知空白处要填一词与great合表“无论多大”意。而however＝ no matter how,与great一起正好表此意，其余项都不能表这意思。故答案为 C。
6.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill,especially Father was away in France.(NMET)A.as B.that C.during D.if 析：首先可以排除C，因为during是介词，不能引导从句。B项that,Ｄ项if 都 不能引导原因状语，故只能选A、as表“因为”。
7.She thought I was talking about her daughter, ,in fact I was talking about my danughter.A．whom B．where C．which D．while 析：空白处需填一个表示转折对比的连词，while可表“而”、“却”意，故答案为D.8.I admit his good points I can see his bad ones.A.when B.as C.while D.before 析：若选A、B或D，admit应改为admitted，can应改为could,因为when,as 表示“当„的时候”before表“在„之前”，通常涉及过去某时发生的动作、情
况．此题选C，while在此不表“当„的时候”意，而表“虽然、尽管”意。全
句意思是“尽管我承认他的优点，我还是看到他的缺点”。
状语从句专练
1.I get to Pairs,Ill call you up at the airport.A.Since B.While C.Once D.Altough 2.the headmaster comes, we wont discuss this plan.A.Unless B.If not C.Except D.Whether 3.Bill must have been away from the office.how many times I phoned him,nobody answered it.A.Whatever B.No matter C.In spite of D.Though 4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.A.before B.till C.after D.when 5.,he is good at drawing.A.To be a child B.A child as he is C.As a child D.Child as he is 6.Dont be discouraged you have fallen behind others.A.whether B.as if C.even if D.however 7.We can get there on time the car doesnt break down.A.while B.as long as C.so that D.even if 8.The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and not.A.more nicer；so expensive B.much more better；as expensive C.nicer；as expensive D.better；such expensive 9.It wasnt long he joined the job.A.that B.before C.until D.and 10.These planes can fly than the old ones.A.as fast three times B.three times as fast C.three times fast D.three times faster 11.had the bell rung the students took their seats.A.Hardly；when B.No sooner；when C.Hardly；than D.No sooner；then 12.many times，but he still couldnt understand it.A.Having been told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told 13.we have come,lets stay and enjoy it.A.For B.As C.Because D.Since 14.Youd better do you are required.A.like B.which C.that D.as 15.that none of us could follow him.A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak 16.Ill start early, it may be dark.A.however B.whether C.if D.though 17.the baby fell asleep the room.A.After；did the mother leave B.Not until；did the mother leave C.Not until；the mother left D.Soon after；the mother had left 18.the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.As D.While 19.He cant have gone out, the light is still on.A.because B.since C.as D.for 20.I was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.A.while B.since C.when D.as 21.We shouldnt do that dangerous experiment the teacher is with as.A.if not B.if C.unless D.as long as 22.He has little education he is unable to find a job.A.such；that B.so；and C.so；that D.such；and 23.The soldier was wounded，he pushed on.A.for B.and C.so D.yet 24.The full letter reads follows.A.like B.as C.that D.which 25.Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation? A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which 26.This is a revision paper.When you do it,youd better make a mark you have questions.A.where B.the place C.as if D.since 27.Water power station are built big water falls.A.where there are B.where there have C.which has D.which are 28.I am sure Ill meet kind－hearted man I go.A.where B.to the place where C.wherever D.the place 29.She is so good at playing table－tennis that she can hit the ball she wants it to go.A.the place where B.that C.in which D.where 30.It was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.A.not until；did the boy begin B.until；that the boy began C.until；did the boy begin D.not until；that the boy began
状语从句专练答案：
1－5 C A B A D 6－10 C B C B D 11－15 A C D D D 16－20 D B C D C 21－25 C C D B B 26－30 A A C D D
常用动词搭配
（一）△含break词组： 1.break away from 摆脱、逃掉、改掉、断绝来往。
例：The little boy broke away from his mother and ran away.2.break down 损坏、身体衰弱。例：The car broke down.3.break in 闯入、插嘴。vi.例：Dont break in when others are speaking.4.break into 闯入、打断，突然开始。例：They broke into the house.5.break out 爆发、发生。例：A quarrel broke out between them.△含call词组：
1.call for 叫（某人），接（某人），要求、需要。例：Ill call for you tomorrow morning.2.call in 召集、召来。例：Wed better call in a doctor.3.call on/upon 访问、探望（某人）、号召。例：I called on him yesterday.4.call at 访问、探望（某处）。例：I hope to call at your office some day.5.call up 给„打电话、使人想起。例：The picture calls up scenes of my childhood.△含catch词组
1.catch/take/get hold of 握、抓住。例：He caught hold of the pigs ear.2.catch sight of＝see 看到、发现。例：The little girl cried as soon as she caught sight of her mother.3.catch up with 赶上。例：He tried to catch up with his classmates.△含come词组
1.come along 一起来，来到、快点。例：Come along,or well be late.2.come back 回来，恢复知觉、复活、被回忆起来。例：When he came back he found himeself tied to a tree.3.come down 下来，下降、跌价。例：I dont think the price of meat will come down.4.come in 进来。vi.5.come on/upon 快点、赶快、进展、进行、偶遇。
6.come out 出来、出版。例：The magazine comes out weekly.7.come to 到达、谈到、涉及、合计、总计。
8.come up 走过来、走近、长出、发芽。例：The seeds hasnt come up yet.△cost，spend，pay，take 1.cost 句型：sth.cost money/time；sth.cost sb.time/money/劳力
2.spend句型：表“花费时”：sb.spend time/money on sth./(in/on)doing sth.表“度过时”：sb.spend time 等＋介词＋场所、活动等。例：We spent two hours in a pleasant talk yesterday.3.pay句型：pay sb.(money),pay(money)for sth, pay sb.for sth,sb.is paid 词组：pay off 付清，pay back 归还、偿还、报答，pay attention to 注意 4.take句型：1)sth.takes time/money/energy 例：The journey will take two days.2)sth.takes time/money/energy to do 例：The work took us three hours to finish.3)It takes(sb.)time/money/energy to do sth.take词组：
1)take„away.拿走、移动 2)take back 收回、撤消 3)take care of 照顾、注意 4)take down 记下、写下、取下 5)take off 脱去、起飞 6)take place 发生、举行
7)take up 提出，从事，占（时间、地点等）
例：take up a problem 提出一个问题，take up the struggle 从事斗争，take up much room 占很多地方 8)take„out 取出、拿出
△含do 词组
1.do some cleaning/washing/shopping/„打扫卫生／洗东西／买东西／„ 2.do ones lessons/homework 做功课／做作业 3.do wrong 做坏事、犯罪
4.do sb.good/harm/wrong/a favour＝do good/harm/wrong/a favour for sb.对某人有益／有害／冤枉／帮忙 5.do away with 取消、废除 6.do ones best 尽力、努力
7.do well in 做得好，在„方面取得好成绩
8.do with 对付、处理，与„相处。例：He is difficult to do with.他很难处。9.have sth.to do with 与„有关
10.do something/nothing 采取措施／未采取措施
第二篇：状语从句语法讲解
高中英语状语从句
一、定义：
在句中作状语的从句是状语从句,修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等.状语从句由从属连词引导,从属连词在句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用,状语从句放在句首时,要用逗号,放在句尾时不用.二、分类
根据意义上的不同,状语从句可分为：①时间状语从句 ②地点状语从句 ③原因状语从句④目的状语从句 ⑤条件状语从句 ⑥结果状语从句⑦让步状语从句 ⑧方式状语从句 ⑨比较状语从句
三、时间状语从句主句是一般将来时,时间状语从句用一般现在时表将来；主句是过去将来时,从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时；主句是一般过去时,从句用一般过去时.记忆：“主将从现”
（一）引导时间状语从句的连词有：As, when(whenever), before, after, as soon as, until(till), since, every time, once.（二）、具体应用1）“while” 主、从句动作或状态同时发生.用while引导的从句用延续性动词,常表示较长的时间或一个过程.记忆：While 后用进行时.While we were having supper, all the lights went out.Please keep quiet while others are studying.While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV.2）When表示“就在„„的时候”, while意为反而,可是,表示转折.One evening Beethoven was walking in a street, when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.3）Whenever 无论什么时候,随时
1.Whenever someone throws in some rubbish, the truck produces a piece of music.每当有人扔进一些垃圾时,它（汽车）就放一段音乐.2.Whenever we’re in trouble, they will help us.3.I go to the theatre, whenever I am free.4.Come and see me whenever you want to.你随时来看我.4）till和until(表示“直到„„”)句首多用until
1、在肯定句中表示“直到„„为止”,主句谓语动词要用延续性动词.I was waiting until/till he arrived.2、在否定句中表示“直到„„才”主句谓语动词常用终止性动词,这时until和till常被before替换.I didn' t leave till/until she came back.5）since: 主句用完成时,从句用一般过去时,since引导的从句间或可用现在完成时.It is two years since I have studied English.1.We have known each other since we were children.2.We have been friends(ever since)since we met at school.3.It is „„(一段时间)+since+一般过去时态句子.It is two years since my sister married.„„(一段时间)have/has passed since +一般过去时态句子 Two sisters have/has passed since my sister married.Since+时间点
1.I have been at home since three o' clock this afternoon.2.Maria has been in China since two years ago.6）Every time, each time, next time Every time you get back at night, you drop your boots on the floor.Every time I catch cold, I have pain in my back.Next time I go there, I will visit them.7）once 一旦„就
Once you begin, you must go on.你一开了头,就应该继续下去.四、地点状语从句
地点状语从句用where, wherever引导
We should go where the people need us.我们应该去人民需要我们的地方.Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者,事竟成.Wherever they went, they received a worm welcome.无论他们走到哪儿都受到热烈欢迎.She follow him whose he goes.他无论到哪里她总跟着.五、原因状语从句
原因状语从句用because(因为),since(既然), as(由于)引导
1、字母由多到少,语气由强到弱.2、由why提问必须用because回答.Since, as不回答why的提问,而且从句一般放在句首,because一般放在主句之后.3、before of +名词
Because of the rain, we didn' t go to the park.4、because 和so不可连用,只能选其一.（另有although, but）Why didn' t he come to school? Because he was ill.Since I must die, I must.既然我一定要死,我一定这样做.Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a Chance.5、for并列连词,不能放在句首,主要放在两个并列句之间.For所提供的理由为一个补充说明,而且前面常有逗号隔开.The days we short, for it is December now.六、目的状语从句 目的状语从句用so(常用于口语), that, so that, in order that引导
目的状语从句的谓语常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情态动词.1.We'll sit never to the front so we can hear well.2.He studied hard so that he might succeed.3.I'll speak slowly so that you can take notes.4.They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.5.I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.6.I’m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.七、条件状语从句
条件状语从句由if, unless,(so)as long as(只需)引导
在条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来时（与时间状语从句相同）
We will miss the train if you don' t hurry.He said we would miss the train if we didn't hurry.You will fail the exam unless you study hard.=(if you don’t study hard)He won’t come unless he is invited.=(if he isn't invited)Eat less food unless you want to become fatter.=(if you don’t want to become better)As long as you are not afraid of difficulties, you are sure to succeed.As long as you don't lose heart, you will succeed.八、结果状语从句
结果状语从句由such„that, so„.that, so that, that 引导 1.Such„ that 的常用句型
such +a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+that such +形容词+可数名词单数+that Such+形容词+可数名词复数（不可数名词）+that
注意so many(much, few, little)+名词,such a lot of(或lots of)+名词是惯用法,不可乱用.She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.It was such delicious food that they ate it up.2.so+形容词或副词+that so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+that He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.He works so hard that he did everything well.It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.3.so that, that都可以引导结果状语从句
He didn't study hard,(so)that he failed the exam.4.Too„to, enough„to 可以引导结果状语从句与so„that 替换,so„that结构可以用too„to替换必须具备两个条件,一是主句和结果状语从句的主语必须一致,二是从句中的谓语部分必须含有can(could)not.She is young that she can’t go to school.She is too young to go to school.She isn't old enough to go to school.九、让步状语从句 although, though even though = even if, whether„or however = no matter how whatever = no matter what whoever = no matter who whenever = no matter when wherever = no matter where
*although和though都表示“虽然”只是although 更正式,多用于句首,而though用于句中,二者都可与yet, still连用,但不与but连用
Although/Though they are poor, they often help others.They are poor, but they often help others.Although he has failed many times, he doesn' t give up trying.Whatever/No matter what you say, I won' t believe you.No matter what you say, I don' t care.No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.However hard he tried, he failed again.No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out riding the waves.十、方式状语从句
方式状语从句由as(如同,按照),as if(though)引导
*as和like都有“像”的意思,as是连词,后面连接句子,like是介词后面可加名词、代词或名词性短语.I did the work as others did.相当于 I did like others.You must do as I do.as if(though)两者意义相同,从句谓语动词常用虚拟语气,但实现可能性较大,则用连接词.It seems as if/though it’s going to rain.They are talking as if/though they were old friends.She treats me as if I were her brother.When you are in home,do as the Romans do.例 You must do ______ I told you.A.after B.before C.where D.as(D)The students must do ______ the teacher told them.A.as B.before C.after D.if(A)
十一、比较状语从句
比较状语从句由as„as, not as(so)„as, than, the+比较级,the+比较级引导 He swims as well as you.(do)He doesn' t swim as well as you(do).He got here earlier than you.(did)The busier he is, the happier he feels.英语语法状语从句类型综述状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语.一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式.尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所以理解和掌握它并不难.状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点.现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句
常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day,the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner „ than, hardly „when, scarcely „ when
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果园)the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2．地点状语从句
常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3．原因状语从句
常用引导词：because, since, as, since
特殊引导词：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4．目的状语从句
常用引导词：so that, in order that
特殊引导词：lest, in case, for fear that,in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5．结果状语从句
常用引导词：so „ that, so„ that, such „ that，特殊引导词：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that，He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.6．条件状语从句
常用引导词：if, unless，特殊引导词：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7．让步状语从句
常用引导词：though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词： as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装),while(一般用在句首),no matter „, in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.尽管我很尊敬他,我却不同意他的建议.The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won’t listen whatever you may say.8．比较状语从句 常用引导词：as(同级比较), than(不同程度的比较)
特殊引导词：the more „ the more „;just as „, so„;A is to B what /as X is to Y;no „ more than;not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人,犹如油之于机器.9．方式状语从句
常用引导词：as, as if, how
特殊引导词：the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.英语语法状语从句
第三篇：状语从句 高三 复习
状语从句
考点一：时间状语从句
A.when, while, as
1.___________i was walking down the street, i noticed a police car in front of the store.2._______________john arrived, i was cooking lunch.3._________he grew older, he lost his interest in everything except gardening.4.We will stand up__________the teacher comes in.5.I was wandering through the street ___________i caught sight of a tailor's shop.Conclusion:
1.when +持续/短暂动作，可与主句动作同时发生或先于主句动作发生
2.While+持续性动作，侧重主从句动词的对比
3.As表主从句动作交替或同时完成，意为：一边。。一边。。；随着
B.When
when的重要句型：
a.He was about to go to bed _______the doorbell rang.b.They were watching the World Cup ________ suddenly the lights went out.c.They had just arrived home _______ it began torain.d.He had worked in a factory _______ a letter arrived saying he was admitted to a key university.e.on the point of doing „when
when 的其他含义：考虑到，既然；虽然，然而，可是
Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already?
_____________________________________________________________________________ He walks when he might take a taxi._________________________________________________ How can you hope for mercy yourself when you show none?_____________________________
C.while
Strike while the iron is hot._______________
She fell asleep while she was reading the newspaper.While 的其他含义： 而；虽然 ’t agree with you.______________________
D.before和since
It was+时间段+before +一般过去时
It will be+时间段+before +一般现在时
It will not be long before you regret what you have done._______________________________ It was some time before he realized the truth.______________________________________ 五年以后我们才能再见。__________________________________
The war last three years _________ it finally ended.Three years passed __________ I finally realized my mistake.注意：before 从句往往带有否定的含义，常译为：还没等到„.就„.；还没来得及„就„„趁着还没„„就„„。作此意时，从句中常见情态动词can/ could。试译：
1.He ran off before I could stop him._________________________________________________
2.The man hung up the phone before I could answer it.___________________________________
3.He almost knocked me down before he saw me.______________________________________
4.Before I could get in a word, he measured me.________________________________________
5.I’ll water the flowers before it gets dark.____________________________________________
6.Be a pupil before you become a teacher._____________________________________________ since表“自从„„”。其主句多为现在完成时或现在完成进行时，从句多为一般过去时。since的句型：It is/has been +时间段+ since从句。若从句谓语为非延续性动词，表“自从„„有多久”；若从句谓语为延续性动词，则表“自从结束/完成„„起有多久”。
It is three years since the war broke out.___________________________________________
I have written home four times since I came here.___________________________________
It is three years since she was in our class._________________________________________
比较：
1.It is three years________ the war broke out.2.It was three years ago_____ the war broke out.3.It was 1919_____ the was broke out.4.It was three years ______ the war came to an end.5.It is three years ________i smoked a cigar.E.until/not until
1.till不可置于句首_____you told me, i had no idea of it.2.肯定句：主句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词的肯定式，意为某动作一致延续到某时间点才停止。
否定句：主句的谓语动词必须是非延续性动词，意为某动作直到某时间才开始。
翻译：
你可以在这里待到雨停。__________________________________________________________ 直到他告诉我我才知道了事实真相。________________________________________________
3.not...until 的强调和倒装
I didn't leave until she came back.强调句_________________________________________________________________________ 倒装句_________________________________________________________________________ F.as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment,the minute,the instant,no sooner...than..., hardly/scarcely...when...(一„„就„„)，once(一旦），every time, next time, any time
我一听到说话声，就知道父亲来了。（The moment）_________________________________
我们刚到车站，火车就离站了。(no sooner...than)__________________________________那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭.(immediately)_______________________________________ 考点二：地点状语从句
where引导的状语从句和定语从句：
1.When solving the problem a second time, you'd better be more careful ___ you made a mistake.2.Bamboo grows best _________ it's wet and rainy.3.Bamboo grows best in places _________it's wet and rainy.4..Can you tell me the office_________he works?
5.________ I live, there are plenty of trees.6Wuhan lies ________ the Yangtze and the Han River meet.7.Sales director is a position _______communication ability is just as important as sales skills.8.________ there is a will, there is a way.9.I found my books ____________I had left them.10.Keep it __________you can see it.11.He lives __________the climate is mild.Where
where, wherever,anywhere和everywhere
Wherever you go, you should do your work well.You may sit down wherever you like.Everywhere I go, I find the same thing.I’ll take you anywhere you like.考点三：原因状语从句
because,since, now that, as , in that,considering that,seeing that , given(that)，in view of the fact that
A.as／because／since 的区别
Because主句前后直接因果关系语气强能回答why能被强调 As主句前后双方都知道的原因语气弱不能回答why不能 Since/now that主句前双方都知道的原因语气弱不能回答why不能 _________________everybody is here, let's begin our meeting.It was ________he was ill that he didn't show up today.Why do you go to there? _________ I want to get my book
B.鉴于（事实），考虑到„
Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quitegood job.Given that she is interested in children, I am sure teaching is the right career for her.考点五：结果状语
so...that , such„that
They had ______ a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house．
He spoke for _______ a long time that people began to fall asleep．
The snow fell ______ fast that our footsteps were soon covered up．
His speech went on for _____long that people began to fall asleep．
Their dog was ________fierce that no one dared come near it．
______ many people complained that they took the programme off．
There was _______ much dust that we couldn’t see what was happening．
倒装
So excited _____________that she could not say a word.So loudly _______________（speak)that even the people in the next room could hear him.Such a lovely girl ____________ that we all live him.考点六：条件状语从句
if, unless, so/ as long as, on condition that, provided/providing that,in case（万一）, suppose, /supposing
1.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______________accompanied by an adult.(202_山东高考)
2.—Our holiday cost a lot of money.—Did it? Well, that doesn't matter _____________ you enjoyed yourselves.(202_江西高考)
3.You can go swimming ___________________ you don't go too far from the river bank.4.____________________ an earthquake happens, what should we do?
考点七： 方式状语从句as, as if, as though
1.The house was greatly damaged by the truck.We'd better leave things _____ they are until the
police arrive.2.He acted_________nothing had happened.3.I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, ________do many businessmen who live in downtown Tianjin.(202_天津高考)
4.The teacher treats the pupil as if __________________(他是她的孩子）
比较：She looks as if she is ill._________________________________________
5.Do in Rome as the Romans do.6.Leave things as they are.考点八：让步状语从句
although, though,(as), while ,whether...or..., however, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever, whenever, wherever, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, etc), even if, even though
1.________________the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.(202_湖南高考)
2.__________________serious a problem you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.(202_上海高考)
3.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _____________they have the interest.(202_安徽高考)
4.All the nations should be equal, _____________they are strong ________ not.5.Do it____________________others say.as引导让步状语从句时，常见的几种倒装方式：
不及物动词＋副词Hard as you may try, you will not succeed.情态动词＋不及物动词Wait as you may, he will not see you.系动词＋单数名词Child as he is, he can tell right from wrong.考点九：目的状语
so that, in order that,in case that, for fear of /that
1.We got up early ___________we would arrive in time.2.Betty saved money_____________ buy a portable computer.3.I didn't tell him about our meeting __________ upsetting her.考点十：时态
You’ll be back soon．I’ll stay till then．=I’ll stay till you _________back．
The parachutist is going to jump．Soon after he jumps his parachute _______（open）．When he ______________(arrive), he’ll tell us all about the match．
Before he ________(arrive)I’ll give the children their tea．
While they__________(play)tennis this afternoon,we’ll go to the beach．
The moment／As soon as I have finished I’ll give you a call．
We knew that he _________________(arrive)t about six．
We knew that till he __________(arrive)nothing would be done．
They_________(move)house twice since they got married．
It’s ages since I sailed a boat．________________________
The performance_______________(begin)when the lights went out．演出刚开始就停电了。倒装：_______________________________________________________________
他钱一挣到手，就花光了(immediately)________________________________
The sooner we______________(start)，the sooner we________(be)there．
我们动身得越早，到那儿就越早。
第四篇：语法系列复习专题-----动词时态,被动语态
语法系列复习专题-----动词时态，被动语态 一、一般现在时
1.一般现在时表示经常发生、习惯性动作、客观真理、科学事实、格言，目前的特征、状态、能力等。
2.主句是一般将来时,时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。如：
I´ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won´t go there.3.在以here,there开头的句子里，go,come等少数动词的一般在时表示正在发生的动作。例如：There goes the bell.铃响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here she comes.她来了。
二、现在进行时
1.表示正在进行的动作。
2.表示按计划安排即将发生的动作。例如：She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。
He is working as a teacher tomorrow.从明天起他要做老师。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.这个星期六我爸爸要来看我。3.代替一般现在时，描绘更加生动。例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滚滚向东流。The sun is rising in the east.太阳从东方冉冉升起。
4.大多数动词可用于进行时，但也有些动词不用于进行时。常见的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget，believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。
三、现在完成时
1.表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或结果，或说话时已完成的动作。例如：I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2.表示从过去开始，待续到现在的动作或状态，往往和“for„”, “since„”表述的一段时间状语连用。例如：He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
1）用两种时态来表述发生在过去的某一动作，现在完成时强调这一过去动作对现在产生的影响或结果，而一般过去时只表达过去的动作或状态，和现在关系不大。例如：She has cleaned the room.It´s very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改为cleaned.一是因为cleaned与现状无关，二是因为一般过去时不可突然跳到It´s„这样的一般现在时。)
2）汉语中的“了”、“过”、“曾”等词常用完成表达，如：I have seen that film.（我看过那部电影了。）但是如果是在特定的过去时间“看了”、“做过”，就不可用完成时而必须用一般过去进来表达。例如：When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么时候看了那部电影？我昨天看的。)不能说：When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4.表示“曾经到过某地（人已回来）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（还未回来）”用“have/has gone to”.例如：
——Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room.——She knows a lot about Shanghai.－She has been there.5.短暂动词（即瞬间动词），join, lose, buy, borrow, leave, go, come, arrive, die, marry, finish, complete, begin, start, break out等，在完成时态中，其肯定式不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。例如不能说：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻译“他已完成工作三小时了。”可采用1）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延续法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.四、现在完成进行时
1.用来表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在（或今后还要继续一去）的动作。例如：He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.2.凡是不能用于现在进行时的动词均不能用于现成完成进行时。五、一般过去时
表达特定的过去时间内发生的动作或存在的状况，或过去某一时间内经常发生或反复发生的动作或行为。
六、过去进行时
1.表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作（这一过去时间须用时间状语表示）。例如：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示动作在另一过去动作发生时进行。例如：They were still working when I left.3.用在两个过去进行时动作同时发生。例如：I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示过去将来动作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.七、过去完成时
1.表示在过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作。例如：He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.2.表示动作或状态从过去某个时刻开始一直延续到另一个过去时刻才完成，甚至还要继续下去。例如：At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等动词的过去完成时来表示未实现的希望、打算或意图。例如：We had expected that you would be able to win the match.八、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来要发生的动作和存在的状况。有下列一些形式： 1.will/shall do（侧重将来行为，不突出计划安排去做某事）2.be going to do(主观上打算或客观上可能发生)
3.be doing(按计划将要发生，常和表示最近的将来时间连用)4.be about to do(按计划即将发生)
九、将来完成时
用来表示在将来某个时刻（前）将完成的动作。常和by短语，when,before引起的时间状语连用。例如：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.时态考点分析
1．——Can I join your club,dad?
——You can when you______a bit older.(NMET)
A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got 析：“You can”是将来意，when引导的时间状语从句要用一般现在时表将来所以此题答案为A.2．——Oh,it’s you!I______you.——I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.A.didn’t recognize B.hadn’t recognized C.haven’t recognized D.don’t recongnize
析：从“Oh,it’s you!”可知说话时已认出对方。“没有认出”是在此之前为过去情况，所以应选A.3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space.(NMET)A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared
析：在空白处应选一个与“saw”相配，能解释Jim didn’t see me 这一原因的选项，只有着眼于A、B。若选A不能体观他“当时正在做”某事，故排除A而选B。这样因为“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。4.——______my glasses?
——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.(NMET)
A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen 析：现在完成时可表过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响或结果，问话人以这样的时态发问可作现焦急的心情。故答案为D。
5.You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times.(NMET)A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet 析：答案B。道理同4。
6.——Do you know our town at all?
——No,this is the first time I______here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am going 析：根据this/it is the first/second/„time sb.has done sth.句型，可定答案为B。又如：This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.7.I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives.(NMET)A.just help out B.have just helped out C.am just helping out D.will just help out 析：根据I don´t really work here.以及„until the new secretary arrives,可知说话人所要做的事是计划安排行为，C、D两个选项都表将来动作，但D非计划安排，C则体现按计划去做，所以此题答案为C。8.——Is this raincoat yours?
——No, mine______ there behind the door.(NMET)A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung
析：此题的“悬挂”是指现状而言，故表过去“挂”的B、D项可排除。C项虽指“现在挂”，但侧重在常规，习惯。为了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正挂在门后”这一意思，选A是极为合情理的。
被动语态
一、被动语态的句型
1.常见句式是：主语（受动者）＋be＋过去分词＋（by＋施动者）
例如：He was scolded by the English teacher.2.主语＋get＋过去分词＋其它成分 例如：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.注意：使用这种结构不能带有“by＋施动者”
3.带有双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）的主动句变为动句，其主语可以是直接宾语，也可以是间接宾语。例如：She lent me a bike.被动：1）I was lent a bike(by her).2）A bike was lent to me(by her).4.情态动词＋be＋过去分词
例如：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.5.双重被动式：主语＋被动式谓语＋不定式的被动式＋其它成分
例如；These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room./The murderer was ordered to be shot.二、主动表示被动的几种情况
1.不及物动词与状语连用，用以表示主语的品质和状态。常见动词是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：This knife cuts well.这把刀好切。These books sell well.这些书好卖。The pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来流畅。Meat won´t keep long in such hot weather.肉在这样热的天气里放不长久。The cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
2.一些连系动词的主动式＋形容词。常见动look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注：prove也可用于被动式，如：His answer(was)proved right.3.不定式在某些形容词之后，且与主语有动宾关系。常见形容词有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比较：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.没有形容词时，虽然不定式与主语是动宾关系，但必须用被动式。
三、容易误用被动语态的几种情况：
1.I teach myself French.不可变为Myself is taught French.因为反身代词不可作主语。
2.We help each other/one another.不可变为Each other/One another is helped by us.因为相互代词不可作主语。
3.He lost heart.不可变为Heart was lost by him.因为象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought这类动宾结构的固定短语只能用于主动式，不能用被动式。
4.She took part in the sports meet.不能变为The sports meet was taken part in by her.因为象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表状态动词没有被动语态。
被动语态考点分析
1.I need one more stamp before my collection______.(NMET)
A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed
析：complete是及物动词，“邮集”是被人完成的，须从表被动意的C、D中选择。又因before等引导的时间状语从句中谓语要用一般现在时表将来，所以此题答案为D。
2.——Do you like the material?
——Yes,it______very soft.(NMET)
A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt
析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来„”意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为C。feel作“感觉”、“认为”、“摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等变化。
3．Great changes______ in the city, and a lot of factories______.(NMET)A.have been taken place„have been set up B.have taken place„have been set up C.have taken place„have set up D.were taken place„were set up
析：take place（发生）是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态，于是可排除A、D，又因set up(建造)是及物动词，在此题中应该用被动式，故排除C，答案为B。4.Most of the artists______to the party were from South Africa.(NMET)A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 析：首先可排除B。因为它不表示“被邀请”。又因D项少引导词who，也应排除。A项＝who were invited,C项＝who were being invited,由象invite这类短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作后置定语，故也应排除。因而可定答案为A。5.I don´t know the restaurant,but it´s______to be quite a good one.(NMET)A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked
析：根据“某人/某物据说„”英文句式为“sb/sth.is said„”可定答案为A。又如：He is said to be a clever boy.据说他是一个聪明的男孩。6.The police found that the house______and a lot of things______.(NMET)A.has broken into„has been stolen B.has broken into„had been stolen C.has been broken into„stolen D.had been broken into„stolen 析：“房屋被人闯入”，“东西被偷”都是被动语态，故可排除A、B。因C项中的has been broken into不能置于found之后，则答案只能是D。7.I promise that the matter will______.(NMET)
A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of 析：take care of„是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为B。
8.If city noises______from increasing,people____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.(NMET)
A.are not kept„will have to B.are not kept„have to C.do not keep„will have to D.do not keep„have to
析：观察题干，第一处必须用被动式，答案只能在A、B中选一。条件句用一般现在时，主句应为一般将来时，故答案为A。
9.The Olympic Games,____in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET)
A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing
析；要表达“被举行”，只能在B、C中选。B意“将要首次举行”。显然不合in 776 BC这一过去时间，只有C，first played(＝which was first played)才合用。故答案为C。
10.This sentence needs______.A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved 析：初看此题似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音开头词，其前要用an,故排除。need作实义动词，和require,want一样，后面可跟doing或to be done 表“需要被„”意。如：The door needs/wants/requires painting/to be painted.(这扇门需要漆一下。)11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I______invited.A.am not B.haven´t been C.was not D.will not be
析：should/would like to have done sth.意“本想做某事”，例如：I should like to have seen the film,but it wasn´t possible.由于这种句式表示“过去想”，所以but后的句子也应该是过去时态与之相配合，故此题答案是C。12.——______the note______to Mr Smith?
——No,It is still in my pocket.A.Is„being given B.Was„given C.Has„been given D.Hasn´t„been given 析：根据问句与答句，问话人显然是注重结果，故要用现在完成时。似乎D作为反诘句“难道条还没给史密斯先生吗？”也成立，但若是这种口气发问，答话人就应答“Sorry.It is still in my pocket.”,所以此题答案应为C。13.We heard it______that he had gone to New York.A.say B.said C.to say D.be said
析：It was said that„可以改为We heard it said that„(都表示“据说„”之意)。前一种说法中It 是形式主语，后一种说法中it是形式宾语。故此题答案为B。
动词时态、语态专练
1.The maths problem can be______.A.easy worked out B.easy to be worked out C.easily worked out D.easily to work out
2.Every possible means______,but none proves successful.A.has been tried B.tried C.is being tried D.has tried 3.The girl is to______a rich man.A.marry with B.be married C.marry to D.be married to 4.He received a telegram that______“Mother sick”.A.wrote B.says C.reads D.read
5.Who can you imagine______to his wedding party?
A.inviting B.being invited C.was invited D.to be invited
6.I______ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.(NMET)A.gave B.was given C.was giving D.had given 7.——Will somebody go and get Dr.White?
——He´s already been______.(NMET)
A.asked for B.sent for C.called for D.looked for
8.A conductor______to keep us in time in the singing yesterday.A.needs B.is needing C.was needed D.has been needed 9.When and where to build the new factory______yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided
10.Ways______to stop pollution by now.A.must find B.will be found C.are found D.have been found 11.I don´t want anything______about it.A.to say B.said C.saying D.having said 12.——______that the sports meet might be put off.——Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.I´ve been told B.I´ve told C.I´m told D.I told
13.A library with five thousand books______to the nation as a gift.(NMET)A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 14.Betty has never been heard _______ill of others.A.speak B.spoken C.to speak D.was said
15.Tom______to have delivered the speech in their theatre room.A.said B.says C.is said D.was said 16.——What do you think of the book?
——Oh,excellent.It´s worth______a second time.(NMET)A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read
17.Little Jim should love______to the theatre this evening.(NMET)A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking.18.______more attention,the trees could have grown better.(NMET)A.Given B.to give C.Giving D.Having given 19.——where______the book?I can’t see it anywhere.——I______it right here but now it’s gone.A.did you put;have put B.have you put;put
C.had you put;was putting D.were you putting;have put 20.He would not fail so long as he______hard the next term.A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.studies 21.How long______the English party______?
A.has;been lasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;be lasted 22.What______you______this time next Friday?
A.will;do B.have;been doing C.are;doing D.will;be doing 23.Hardly______the bell______when the teacher came in.A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung 24.It______and the streets were still wet.A.had been raining B.rained C.had been rained D.would rain 25.The book____on the ground for ten minutes but no noe has picked it up.A.is lying B.has lain C.lay D.has been lying 26.We______there when it______to rain.A.were getting;would begin B.were about to get;began C.had got;had begun D.would get;began
27.The teacher said we______ten lessons by the end of this term.A.should have studied B.were going to study C.have studied D.should study
28.——she told me she had met you in London last year.——______you______her since?
A.Had;met B.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen 29.——When______again?
——When he______,I’ll let you know.A.will he come;will come B.will he come;come C.he comes;comes D.will he come;comes 30.Tom______for more than a week.A.has left B.had gone away C.went away D.has been away 31.——What happened to her teeth?
——She______the apple more than she could chew.A.has bitten B.bit C.had been bitting D.bites
32.Shakespeare was said______37 famous plays in his lifetime.A.finishing writing B.to finish writing C.having written D.to have written
33.——You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?
——But I______that you______me to start at once.A.don’t realize;want B.don’t realize;wanted C.haven’t realized;want D.didn’t realize;wanted 34.——I missed the lecture last night.——Oh,what a pity!I wish______.A.you heared it B.you had heard it
C.you never heard it D.you hadn’t heard it
35.I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I______it.A.finished B.am going to finish C.will finish D.have finished 36.——Your phone number again?I______quite catch it.——It’s 9586442.(NMET)
A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t 37.——I’m sorry to keep you waiting.——Oh,not at all.I______here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be
38.When I was at college.I______three foreign languages,but I______all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten
C.had spoedn;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten
39.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving(NMET)
40.——Who is Jerry Cooper?
——______?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.(NMET)A.Don’t you meet him yet B.Hadn’t you met him yet C.Didn’t you meet him yet D.Haven’t you met him yet 41.——We could have walked to the station.It was so near.——Yes,a taxi______at all necessary.(NMET)
A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t be D.won’t be
42.We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose______to her?(NEMT)
A.was happening B.to happen C.has haqqend D.having happened 43.On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,______some bananas and visited her cousin.(NMET)
A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy
44.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)A.read;was falling B.was reading;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell
45.I______the bad cold for a week,still I can’t get rid of it.A.caught B.have caught C.have D.have had 46.I______the time______so quickly.A.didn’t realize;had passed B.don’t realize;passed
C.haven’t realized;passed D.hadn’t realized;had passed
47.——My watch______twelve o’clock.It’s so late.——Let’s hurry up.A.is said B.says C.is told D.tells
48.Helen______her key in the office so she had to wait her husband_____home.(NMET)
A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come 49.The pen I______I______is on my desk,right under my nose.(NMET)
A.think;lost B.thought;had lost C.think;had lost D.thought;have lost 50.——Jane has just arrived.——I didn’t know she______.A.is coming B.was coming C.had been coming D.will come
动词时态、语态专练答案
1－5 C A D D C 6－10 B B C A D 11－15 B A A C C 16－20 C A A B A
21－25 B D D A D 26－30 B A D D D 31－35 B D D B D 36－40 A A B B D
41－45 A C A B D 46－50 A B C B B
第五篇：高考复习专题之状语从句学案
高中英语语法导学案之状语从句
一． 概念及分类：
句子可以分为简单句，并列句和复合句；复合句中从句可分为定语从句，名词性从句和状语从句。用来修饰谓语动词、其它动词、定语、状语或整个句子的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句可分为：1.时间状语从句；2.地点状语从句；3.原因状语从句； 4.条件状语从句；5.目的状语从句；6.让步状语从句； 7.比较状语从句； 8.方式状语从句；9.结果状语从句。
二． 时间状语从句
（一）when, while和as 1,when, 观察下面例句，总结其用法：
When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.When the film ended, the people went back.总结：从句表示的动作_________________________________,主句和从句的先后关系 _______________________________________________________________________。在下列句子中，when 的含义是：_____________ We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off on our way when it suddenly began to rain She was on the point of going to shop when the telephone rang..Hardly had I arrived when the train left.He had just finished his home work when someone asked him to play basketball.总结：_________________________________: _____________________________ ____________________________________;_______________________________ __________________________________________________________________ 观察下列句子中when 的含义：
It was foolish of you to take a taxi when you could easily walk there in five minutes.Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one? when 表示条件，意思接近“在…...情况下” whenever: I go to the theater whenever I get the chance.(每当，每次)
sooner…than…,hardly(scarcely,barely)…when…
这些从属连词引导的从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即发生，常译为_____________________.The moment I heard the voice, I knew father was coming.No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.注意：在no sooner…than …;hardly/scarcely/barely…when 结构中，主句用_____________，从句使用__________________时态。此外，当把no sooner或hardly等提到句首时，应用_______________语序。
I had hardly got home when it began to rain.=Hardly ________________________________________________________.I had no sooner come home than it began to rain.=No sooner ____________________________________________________.英译汉：
They phoned immediately they reached home.The year my brother joined the army I graduated from the high school.I had waited for 3 hours by the time the train arrived.(注意主句时态：)
Every time I see her, she is always busy.I want to see her the moment she arrives.表示时间的名词或名词短语也可以引起时间状语从句，如：_______________________________________.㈢ till until 和not … until He remained there until she arrived.You may stay here until the rain stops.He won’t go to bed until she returns.Until you told me I have no idea of it.It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.观察以上各句，找出用法。肯定句：主句谓语动词必须是_________________,意为某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止。否定句：主句谓语动词必须是_________________,意为某动作
It is three years since I smoked a cigar.It was years since I had seen her.把以上句子翻译成汉语。
在“It is + 一段时间+ since 从句”句型中，时间的计算一律从从句的动作完成或状态结束时算起。
3.after 在……之后
I will tell them after you leave(you have left).I told them after you left/ had left.三 地点状语和原因状语从句 1地点状语
引导词为_____________和_____________.请填写： You are free to go ___________ you like.Go back ________ you come from.Make a mark ___________ you have any questions.翻译下列句子：
Where there is a will, there is a way._____________________________________ Wherever there is smoke, there is a fire.______________________________________ 以上两句where从句表示抽象含义，从句必须放在主句之前。注意区分where 引导的状语从句和定语从句 题组训练,判断下列各句中包括什么从句：
Go back to the place where you come from.（）This is the shop where I bought my bike.（）Go back where you come from..（）Make a mark where you have any questions.（）2.原因状语从句
引导词：because, as, since, now that, 每个连词的含义不尽相同，观察例句总结用法：------Why were you absent from the meeting?------Because I was ill.As it is raining, we shall not go to the park.Now that/Since everybody is here, let’s begin our class.________________________________________________________________
五.条件状语和方式状语从句 ㈠条件状语从句
从属连词_______________________________________________________引导条件状语。You will fail the exam unless you study hard.You will fail the exam _______ you __________ study hard.________________ you don’t lose heart, you will succeed.当if从句的条件不是真实的或难以实现的条件时，要用__________________.If I __________(know)his address, I ___________(tell)you.If you _______________(come)here yesterday, you _______________(see)her.If it ___________________________(rain)tomorrow, I __________(stay)at home.条件状语从句中也可以省略 Come tomorrow if(it is)possible.He has no money.If(there is)any, he will give you some.We all know that, if(it is)not carefully dealt with, the situation will get worse.在条件状语从句中时态问题： You will find a way if you use your head.Don’t leave the room unless the teacher tells you to.㈡ 方式状语从句
引导词有_____________________________________________ Do as you are told to, or you will be fired.The old lady treats the boy as if he were her own son.I feel as if I have a fever.as if 或 as through 引导的从句有时需要用________语气。从句中也可以采用省略形式：
She stood at the gate, as if(she was)waiting for someone.在时间状语从句，让步，条件及方式状语从句中，当主句的主语和从句的主语一致，并且谓语动词中有be动词的时候，从句中的主语和系动词一块儿省略。
六.让步状语从句和比较状语从句 ㈠让步状语从句
river bank, she was singing a song.2.He won’t go there unless--------[ invent].3.He stood up as if---------[say] something.4.When the meeting was over ,we all went home.八。状语从句与非谓语动词之间的转换
1.When she saw the jewels ,she jumped with joy.2.As he was ill ,he went home.3.As he didn’t know what to do ,he asked me for help.4.The park looks beautiful when it is seen from the hill.参考答案：
二．1.可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词；主句和从句发生的动作同时发生，也可以主句所表示的动作发生在从句之后。这时，当时，那时候；was/were doing…when…;be about to do…when;be on the point of doing…when;had just done…when.2.延续性动词，进行时；对比，然而；弱。尽管；尽管；只要；趁着；让步状语从句和条件状语从句。
3.随着；一边，一边；When/While/As;When;As;when;when;while “一……就”；过去完成时；一般过去时；倒装；had I got home when it began to rain;had I come home than it began to rain;他们一到家就拿起了电话打电话；我哥哥参军的那一年，我高中毕业；每次我看到她，她总是很忙；她一到我就想见到她；the day, the year, the month, the moment;the minute;every time;the first time;each time;延续性动词；非延续性动词；until, till;主句要倒装；Not until, did I leave;It was , that, leave;三思而后行；所有事情先难后易；以后…才；还没…就；趁着还没有；还没来得及…就；时间段；一般现在时；时间段，过去时；非延续性动词，现在完成时，一般过去时，相反或否定的意义；It is +some time + since + did/It was +some time + since+ had done;战争爆发已经有三年了；他戒烟三年了；自从上次见到她有三年了；一般现在时或者一般过去时/过去完成时。
三．where, wherever;wherever;where;where;有志者事竟成；无火不起烟；定语从句，定语从句；地点状语从句，地点状语从句；直接的原因，why;显然的，已知的，“由于”，“既然”，前；
四．so that, in order that, in case, for fear that;so that;in order that;that;in case/for fear that;so that, so/such…that, in case, lest;such+a/an+ 可数名词单数+that； so +adj.+a/an+可数名词单数；such + adj.+不可数名词或可数名词复数+that;so + adj./adv.+ that;so +many/much/little(少)/few+that;was he;such, so;so;such,so;such…as 后跟定语从句，such…that后为结果状语从句。
话题10
节假日活动
一 可能用到的词语
1.中秋节 ——————
2.传统的-------
3.春节
-------
4.团聚---------
5.赏月--------
6.象征---------
7.收获----------
8.团圆----------
二
可能用到的句子
1.每年的8月15 日是中国传统节日中秋节。
2.它是家庭团聚的时间。
3.在这一天，人们通常与家人聚在一起，共享丰富的晚餐。
4.那天的月亮总是很圆，这也使得人们想起他们的亲友。
5.中秋节象征着收获和家庭团圆。
6.中秋节的传统食品是月饼，它象征着团圆。
7.月饼过去通常是圆的，但现在有各种不同的口味和形状。
写作任务
作为中国最重要的节日之一，每年的中秋都会放假一天，以方便人们跟家人团圆，共度佳节。请根据下列内容提示，写一篇短文介绍一下中秋节。
时间
农历八月十五日
节日类型
重要性仅次于春节的传统节日
主要活动
与家人团聚，赏月
节日食物
月饼
节日意义
象征收获和团圆
要求
词数 120—150
参考词汇
symbolize 象征
范文
The mid-Autumn Festival，which falls on the 15th day of the 8th lunar month，is a traditional Chinese holiday.The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the two most important traditional festivals in Chinese calendar and it is an official holiday.It is a time for families to get together.On this day , people usually get together with their families and have a nice meal.After that , people usually eat delicious moon cakes and enjoy the full moon together.The moon is always very round on that day , which makes people think of their relatives and friends.1
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