第一篇：高考语法填空：生词如何改形容词
cautious 谨慎的
delecious 美味的
precious珍贵的
serious严重的，认真的
glorious 光荣的
humorous幽默的 harmonious和谐的 commodious宽敞的 curious好奇的 previous以前的 delicious curious.好奇的,有求知欲的;古怪的;爱挑剔的 dangerous various不同的;各种各样的,形形色色的:['v??ri?s] fabulous tremendous famous
abstemious acrimonious adulterous advantageous adventurous
alacritous ambiguous ambitious amorous amorphous analogous androgynous anomalous anonymous anxious
arduous assiduous atrocious audacious auspicious
autochthonous automatous autonomous avaricious barbarous
beauteous bigamous bilious blasphemous boisterous
bounteous bulbous bumptious cacophonous cadaverous
calamitous callous cancerous cankerous cantankerous
capacious capricious captious carcinomatous carnivorous
cautious cavernous censorious ceremonious chivalrous
circuitous clamorous commodious congruous conscientious
conscious conspicuous contagious contemporaneous contemptuous
contentious conterminous contiguous continuous copious coterminous courageous courteous covetous credulous
cumbrous curious curvaceous dangerous decorous
deleterious delicious delirious desirous devious
dexterous dextrous diaphanous disadvantageous disastrous
discontinuous discourteous disharmonious disingenuous
disputatious dubious duplicitous duteous efficacious
enormous envious erogenous erroneous euphonious
expeditious extemporaneous extraneous fabulous facetious
factious factitious fallacious famous farinaceous
fastidious fatuous felicitous felonious ferocious
fibrous fictitious flirtatious fortitudinous fortuitous fractious frivolous fungous furious gangrenous
garrulous gaseous gelatinous generous ginormous
glamorous glorious glutinous gluttonous gorgeous
gracious gratuitous gregarious grievous harmonious
hazardous heinous heterogeneous hideous hilarious
homochromous homogeneous horrendous
humongous humorous igneous ignominious illustrious
impecunious imperious impervious impetuous impious
inauspicious incautious incommodious incongruous inconspicuous
incredulous incurious indecorous indigenous industrious
infamous infectious infelicitous ingenious ingenuous inglorious inharmonious iniquitous injudicious injurious
还有很多，太多了。常见形容词词缀
1．－able 以“－able”结尾的形容词一般有两种情况：
（1）v.＋able→adj.以这种方式构成的形容词其意义为“能……的”、“可以（被）……的”、“适 合于……的”、“值得……的”等，即有被动含义。例如：reliable（可以依靠的），drinkable（可以饮用的），eatable（可食用的）。
（2）n.＋able→adj.这种形容词意为“具有……特点的”，如valuable（有价值的），reasonable（有道理的），comfortable（舒适的）。
2．－ible 该词缀在意义上与“－able”相同，但主要用于拉丁语后。例如：terrible,horrible,invi sible,possible。
3．－al 该词缀大多是加在名词后形成形容词的。不过，有些“－al”后缀则仅体现了该词的形容词性，并非以这种方式构成形容词。“－al”意为“属于……的”、“有……特性的”。这类词在中学英语中颇多，如actual,general,international,medical,mental,moral,natural,official,several,special,usual。（这类形容词大部分没有比较级和最高级）
4．－an “－an”加在国名、地名之后，表明是相应的形容词，如American,African。
5．－ian “－ian”与“－an”相同。例如：Asian,Australian,Canadian,Indian,Italian。
6．－ant “－ant”表示“……性的”。带“－ant”后缀的形容词其相应名词往往是－ance或－ancy后 缀。例如：instant(instance),distant(distance),important(importance),brilliant(brilliancy),consta nt(constancy),pleasant。
7．－ent “－ent”与“－ant”非常相似。例如：absent(absence),different(difference),excelle nt(excellence),patient(patience),present(presence).8．－ar “－ar”意为“……的”、“……性的”，如popular,particular,regular。
9．－ary “－ary”意为“……的”、“与……有关的”。例如：contrary,necessary,ordinary,prim ary,revolutionary。
10．－ed “－ed”加在动词之后形成形容词。实际上该形容词是由原动词的过去分词演变而来的，因 此它有被动含义。这种形容词在中学英语中出现很多，有connected,discouraged,disappointed,engaged,exc ited,interested,limited,married,pleased,tired,united,used（习惯的），worried,wounded。
“－ed”也可加在动词之后形成复合形容词，如man-made,water-covered。
“－ed”还可加在名词之后形成复合形容词，如warm-hearted,warm-blooded,three-legged。
11．－en “－en”有两种情况：
（1）“－en”跟在一些物质名词之后构成形容词，表示“材料”或“质地”，如wooden,golden,earthe n。
（2）“－en”也可加在一些不规则动词之后形成形容词。这些形容词实际上是由过去分词转换而来的。例如：spoken,written,stricken,mistaken。
12．－ern “－ern”加在表示方位的名词之后，表示“……（方位）的”。这样的词有eastern,sout hern,western,northern等。
13．－ese “－ese”加在国名、地名之后构成相应形容词。例如：Chinese,Japanese.14．－ful 这一后缀有两种情况：
（1）加在名词之后构成形容词，表示“充满……的”、“有……性质的”，如beautiful,colourful,he lpful,powerful,successful,useful,wonderful。
（2）加在动词之后，所构成的形容词意为“易于……的”，如forgetful。
15．－ic “－ic”常常加在名词或依附于词干后，构成形容词，意为“……的”、“……似的”、“ 与……有关的”等。例如：Atlantic,electric,arctic,historic,pacific,plastic,public,scientific。
16．－ical “－ical”同“ic”一样附加在名词或词干后构成形容词，意为“……的”、“……似的 ”、“与……有关的”，如physical,political,practical,technical等。
注：（1）有些形容词的词尾可能是“－ic”和“－ical”并存，且可以互相替代，但这不是说两者就没 有任何区别。一般来说，词尾“ic”与词根的关系比较密切，而词尾“ical”与词根的关系比较含糊，一般作 “与……有关的”解。请比较：an electric light（电灯），electrical engineering（电气工程）；histo ric意为“历史上有名气的”，historical则意为“关于历史的”。（2）以“ic”结尾的形容词，其相应副词 则往往是pacifically,scientifically。
17．－ing 词尾“－ing”也可构成形容词，但这种形容词实际上是现在分词形容词化了，因此，此类 形容词表示主动。例如：dying,exciting,inspiring,interesting,freezing,living。
另外，“－ing”词尾还可构成合成形容词，如good-looking,ordinary-l
18．－ish “－ish”意义较多，在中学英语中，其主要意义是“……民族的”、“……语的”、“… …似的”、“患……的”，如English,British,foolish,feverish。
19．－ist “－ist”表示“……主义的”、“信仰……的”。该后缀加在名词之后，如communist,im perialist,Marxist,socialist。
20．－ive “－ive”意为“……的”、“与……有关的”、“具有……性质的”等。例如：native,a ctive,passive,attentive,expensive。
21．－less “－less”加在名词、动词后，表示“无”、“缺”，如fearless,harmless,useless,he lpless,careless。
22．－ly “－ly”加在名词之后构成形容词。这一词缀的意义有二：
（1）“像……的”、“有……性质的”，如friendly,lively,lovely,lonely,orderly。
（2）“以……为周期的”、“每……的”，如hourly,daily,weekly,monthly,yearly。
注：如是形容词之后加“－ly”，则构成副词。上述（2）中的形容词亦可用作副词。
23．－（i）ous 该形容词后缀意为“充满……的”、“具有……特征的”，加在名词、动词和形容词 之后。例如：curious,famous,dangerous,obvious,poisonous,serious,various。
24．－some “－some”加在名词、动词之后，表示“使人……的”、“易于……的”，如handsome,t roublesome,tiresome。
25．－ward 它加在名词之后，表示方向，作“向……（方向）的”、“来自……（方向）的”解。例 如：eastward,southward,westward,northward,forward,backward,inward,outward,upward,downward。
注：这些词也可以是副词。如果词尾是“－wards”时，派生词必然是副词。
26．－y “－y”加在名词之后，表示“具有……特征的”、“多……的”。例如：funny,lucky,shab by,snowy,thirsty,windy,sunny,rainy,cloudy,dirty,dusty。
1基本信息
Ⅰ．后缀-able与-ible 形容词后缀-able与-ible是同义后缀，加在动词后，使动词变为形容词，其意义相当于情态动词 can +此动词被动式。所以在语义上有被动意义。例如： the results can be tested．→the results are testable．这些结果是可测试的。
究竟哪些动词加-ible，哪些加-able呢？
1．加-ible的词大多数来自拉丁语。下面加-ible的词都是来自拉丁语的动词。如：edible（可食用的）visible（可见的）sensible（可觉察的）possible（可能的）flexible（易弯曲的）
2．以-mit结尾的动词，将-mit变为-miss再加-ible。如：permit→permissible（可允许的）
3．以-nd结尾的动词，将-nd变为-ns再加-ible，如：respond→responsible（有责任的），defend→defensible（能防御的）
4．加-able的动词远比加-ible的多，且-able为活性后缀，如要构成这一意义的新词时，都是加-able。
5．一般以“e”结尾的动词，去掉“e”再加-able。如：erase→erasable（可擦掉的），deceive→deceivable（可欺的）
也有直接加的，如：change→changeable（可变化的），service→serviceable（有用的）
6．动词以辅音加y结尾，y变i加able。如：deny→deniable（可否认的），rely→reliable（可靠的）Ⅱ．后缀-ize（-ise）
后缀-ize（-ise）可以加在名词或形容词的后面构成动词，表示“照……样子做”、“按……方式处理”、“使成为……”、“变成……状态”、“……化”的意思。例如：dramatic（戏剧的）→dramatize（改编成剧本），modern（现代的）→modernize（现代化），organ（组织）→organize（组织起来），civil（文明的）→civilize（使文明，变为文明），system（系统）→sys-temize（系统化），normal（正常的）→ normalize（使正常化），equal（平等的）→equalize（使平等，使相等）
注意某些以-y结尾的词，加-ize（-ise）后缀时，要去掉-y再加-ize（-ise），例如：sympathy（同情心）→sympathize（同情，表同情）Ⅲ．后缀-ful，-ous，-ent，-ant 后缀-ful，-ous，-ent，-ant均为可以直接加在动词或名词的后面构成形容词。一般来说，动词加后缀-ful，-ous，-ent，-ant构成的形容词表示主动意义。
-ful表示“富有……的”，“充满……的”，“具有……性质的”，“易于……的”或“可……的”。例如：powerful（有力的）peaceful（和平的）shameful（可耻的）helpful（有帮助的）forgetful（易忘的）
-ous表示“如……的”，“有……性质的”，“有……的”或“属于……的”。例如：envious（羡慕的；妒嫉的）dangerous（危险的）famous（著名的）barbarous（野蛮的）monstrous（怪异的，畸形的）
-ent表示“具有……性质的”或“关于……的”。例如：dependent（依赖的）confident（自信的）apparent（明显的）innocent（无罪的，天真的）frequent（屡次的）
-ant表示“属于……的”或“具有……性质的”。例如：tolerant（能容忍的）assistant（辅助的）ascendant（上升的）accordant（和谐的，一致的）Ⅳ．后缀-ee 后缀-ee可以加在动词后面构成名词，也可以加在某些形容词或名词后面构成名词。其构词的特点可归纳为以下几点：
1．加在许多及物动词后面构成名词，表示含有被动意义的“受动者”，这类名词也称作“被动性名词”。例如：trainee（接受训练者）employee（雇员）appointee（受任命者）expellee（被驱逐者）addressee（收件人）toastee（接受祝酒者）detainee（被拘留者）inter-viewee（被采访者）
2．加在某些不及物动词后构成名词，表示含有主动意义的“施动者”，即执行某动作的人。一般说来，这类动词没有加后缀-er或-or的形式。例如：returnee（归国者）escapee（逃亡者）embarkee（上船者）meetee（参加会议者）refugee（难民）porcee（离婚者）
值得注意的是，如果这个词以不发音的-e结尾，这时只加一个-e即可。如：advise-advisee（被建议者）invite-invitee（受邀者）retire-retiree（退休者）
Ⅴ．后缀-er，-or，-ar 在表示“人”的这个意义上，它们像三姊妹。例如：banker（银行家）teenager（13-19的青少年）actor（男演员）translator（翻译者）governor（总督）scholar（学者）liar（撒谎者）beggar（乞丐）pedlar（小贩）
2常见的英语单词后缀 名词后缀.⑴ 具有某种职业或动作的人
1）-an,-ain,表示“……地方的人，精通……的人”American,historian, 2）-al，表示”具有……职务的人“ principal, 3）-ant,-ent，表示”……者” merchant,agent,servant,student, 4）-ar，表示“……的人” scholar,liar,peddler
5）-ard,-art，表示”做……的人”coward,laggard,braggart（夸张者）6）-arian，表示“……派别的人，……主义的人”humanitarian,vegetarian 7）-ary，表示”从事……的人“ secretary,missionary 8）-ate，表示”具有……职责的人“ candidate,graduate 9）-ator，表示”做……的人“ educator,speculator（投机者）10）-crat，表示”某种政体，主义的支持者“ democrat,bureaucrat 11）-ee，表示”动作承受者“ employee,examinee 12）-eer，表示”从事于……人“ engineer,volunteer 13）-er，表示”从事某种职业的人，某地区，地方的人“ banker,observer,Londoner,villager 14）-ese，表示” ……国人，…..地方的人”Japanese,Cantonese 15）-ess，表示“阴性人称名词，actress,hostess,manageress 16）-eur，表示”……家” amateur,littérateur
17）-ian，表示“……地方人，信仰…….教的人，从事……职业的人”Christian,physician（内科医生），musician 18）-ician，表示”精通者，……家，”electrician,magician,technician 19）-icist，表示“……家，…….者，…….能手”physicist,phoneticist,technicist
20）-ic，表示”……者，……师“ mechanic,critic 21）-ie，表示”爱，指小“ dearie,auntie,lassie（小姑娘）
22）-ier，表示”从事……职业” cavalier,clothier,brazier（黄铜匠）23）-ine,ian，表示“阴性人称” heroine,ballerina 24）-ist，表示“从事……研究者，信仰……主义者” pianist,communist,dentist,artist,chemist 25）-ive，表示“动作者，行为者” native,captive
26）-logist，表示”……学家，研究者“ biologist,geologist(地质学家)27）-or，表示”……者“ author,doctor,operator, 28）-ster，表示”做…….事情的人”youngster,gamester（赌徒），songster 29）-yer，表示“ 从事……职业者” lawyer ⑵.构成，具有抽象名词的含义
1）-acy，表示”性质，状态，境遇“ accuracy,diplomacy 2）-age，表示”状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称“ courage,storage,marriage 3）-al,a)表示”事物的动作，过程”refusal,arrival,survival,denial,approval
b)表示具体的事物manual,signal,editorial,journal 4）-ance,-ence表示“性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度” endurance,importance,diligence,difference,obedience 5）-ancy,-ency，表示”性质，状态，行为，过程“ frequency,urgency,efficiency, 6）-bility，表示”动作，性质，状态“ possibility,feasibility, 7）-craft，表示”工艺，技巧” woodcraft,handicraft,statecraft（治国策）8）-cracy，表示“统治，支配” bureaucracy,democracy 9）-cy，表示“性质，状态，职位，级别” bankruptcy（破产），supremacy 10）-dom，表示“等级，领域，状态” freedom,kingdom,wisdom 11）-ery,-ry，表示“行为，状态，习性” bravery,bribery,rivalry 12）-ety，表示“性质，状态” variety,dubiety（怀疑）
13）-faction,-facture，表示”作成，……化，作用“ satisfaction,manufacture 14）-hood，表示”资格，身份，年纪，状态“ childhood,manhood,falsehood 15）-ice，表示”行为，性质，状态“ notice,justice,service 16）-ine，表示”带有抽象概念“ medicine,discipline,famine 17）-ing，表示”动作的过程，结果“ building,writing,learning 18）-ion,-sion,-tion,-ation,-ition，表示”行为的过程，结果，状况“ action,solution,conclusion,destruction,expression,correction 19）-ise，表示”性质，状态” exercise,merchandise（商业）20）-ism，表示“制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为” socialism,criticism,colloquialism,heroism 21）-ity，表示“性质，状态，程度” purity,reality,ability,calamity 22）-ment，表示”行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment,movement,judgment,punishment,argument 23）-mony，表示“动作的结果，状态” ceremony,testimony 24）-ness，表示“性质，状态，程度” goodness,kindness,tiredness,friendliness 25）-or,-our，表示“动作，性质，状态” favor,error, 26）-osity，表示“动作，状态” curiosity
27）-ship，表示”情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业” hardship,membership,friendship 28）-th，表示“动作，性质，过程，状态” depth,wealth,truth,length,growth 29）-tude，表示“性质，状态，程度” latitude,altitude（海拔）30）-ure，表示“行为，结果” exposure,pressure,failure,procedure（手续），31）-y，表示“行为的结果，状态，性质” glory,history,victory,inquiry ⑶ 带有场所，地方的含义
1）-age，表示”住所，地点“ village,cottage 2）-ary，表示”住所，场地“ library,granary（谷仓）
3）-ery,ry，表示”工作场所，饲养所，地点“ laundry,nursery,surgery(手术室）
4）-ory，表示”工作场所，住处“ factory,dormitory,laboratory,observatory ⑷ 带有学术，科技含义
1）-grapy，表示”……学，写法” biography,calligraphy,geography 2）-ic,ics，表示“……学……法” logic,mechanics,optics,electronics 3）-ology，表示“……学……论”biology,zoology,technology（工艺学）4）-nomy，表示”……学……术“ astronomy,economy,bionomy（生态学）5）-ery，表示”学科，技术“ chemistry,cookery,machinery 6）-y，表示”……学，术，法” photography,philosophy ⑸ 表示人和事物的总和，集合含义 1）-age,baggage,tonnage 2）-dom,newspaperdom（新闻界）3）-hood,neighbourhood,womanhood 4）-ery,cavalry,ministry（内阁）5）-ure,legislature,judicature ⑹ 表示物品和物质名称的含义 1）-ant,ent,solvent,constant 2）-al,signal,pictorial（画报）3）ar,collar,pillar（石柱）
4）-er,boiler,computer,washer,cooker 5）-ery,drapery（绸缎）6）-ing,clothing,matting, 7）-ment,instrument,equipment,attachment ⑺ 表示“细小”的含义 1）-cle,particle, 2）-cule,molecule（分子）3）-el,parcel 4）-en,chicken,maiden 5）-et,pocket,ticket 6）-etta,-ette,etto,cigarette,essayette（短文）7）-kin,napkin 8）-ling,duckling, 9）-let,booklet 10）-y,baby,doggy 形容词后缀.⑴带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义
1）-able,-ible,movable,comfortable,applicable,visible,responsible 2）-al,natural,additional,educational 3）-an,ane,urban,suburban,republican 4）-ant,-ent,distant,important,excellent 5）-ar,similar,popular,regular 6）-ary,military,voluntary 7）-ice,-atie,ical,politic,systematic,historic,physical, 8）-ine,masculine,feminine,marine 9）-ing,moving,touching,daring 10）-ish,foolish,bookish,selfish 11）-ive,active,impressive,decisive 12）-ory,satisfactory,compulsory 13）-il,-ile,-eel,fragile,genteel（文雅的）⑵ 表示“相象，类似”的含义 1）-ish,boyish,childish 2）-esque,picturesque 3）-like,manlike,childlike 4）-ly,manly,fatherly,scholarly,motherly 5）-some,troublesome,handsome 6）-y,milky,pasty ⑶ 表示“充分的”含义
1）-ful,beautiful,wonderful,helpful,truthful 2）-ous,dangerous,generous,courageous,various 3）-ent,violent ⑷ 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义 1）-en,wooden,golden,woolen 2）-ous,gaseous 3）-fic,scientific ⑸ 表示方向的含义 1）-ern,eastern,western 2）-ward,downward,forward ⑹ 表示“倍数”的含义 1）-ble,double,treble 2）ple,triple 3）-fold,twofold,tenfold ⑺ 表示“数量关系”的含义 1）-teen,thirteen 2）-ty,fifty 3）-th,fourth,fiftieth ⑻ 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义 1）-an,Roman,European 2）-ese,Chinese, 3）-ish,English,Spanish ⑼ 表示“比较程度”的含义 1）-er,greater 2）-ish,reddish,yellowish 3）-est,highest 4）-most,foremost,topmost ⑽其他的含义
-less，表示否定，countless,stainless,wireless 动词后缀.1）-ize,ise，表示“做成，变成，……化“modernize,mechanize,democratize,organize
2）-en，表示”使成为，引起，使有” quicken,weaken,soften,harden 3）-ify，表示“使……化，使成”beautify,purify,intensify,signify,simplify 4）-ish，表示”使，令” finish,abolish,diminish,establish
5）-ate，表示“成为……，处理，作用” separate,operate,indicate 副词后缀.1）-ly,possibly,swiftly,simply 2）-ward,-wards,downward,inwards,upward 3）-ways,always,sideways 4）-wise,otherwise,clockwise 名词后缀单词举例.⒈-ant,-ent表示人或构件
applicant（申请人），assistant（助手），occupant（居 住者，占有人），component（部件，成分），defendant（被 告）dependant（依赖他人者）⒉-ee在动词后面，表示动作的接受者
employee（被雇佣者），abandonee（受领被抛弃财物者），addressee（收件人），appointee（被任命者），refugee（难民）
⒊-eer表示“从事于……的人”
engineer（工程师），profiteer（投机者），pioneer（先 锋），volunteer（志愿者）
⒋－er加在动词后指人或机械；加在地名后面指该地区的人 dispenser（药剂师），dyer（染色工），sampler（品尝家），absorber（吸收者），amplifier（扩大器），Londoner（伦敦人），New Yorler（纽约人）⒌-or指人或物
accelerator（加速器），accumulator（蓄电池、存储器），actor（演员），collector（收集者）⒍-graph用于写或记录的机械
ammograph（风速什），chorograph（位置测定器），seimograph（地震仪）。⒎-ian,-an,-ese指大陆、国家的人
African（非洲人），American（美国人），Asian（亚洲人），Japanese（日本人），Chinese（中国人）⒏-ician指熟悉……人
electrician（电工），logician（逻辑学家），mathematician（数学者）
⒐-ist指相信某种理论或制度或经常做某项工作的人 botanist（植物学家），chemist（化学家），communist（共产党员），typist（打字员），violinist（小提琴家）⒑-miter,-meter仪器
tachmiter（视距仪，准距仪），tromometer（微震仪）。⒒-ism主义
socailism（社会主义），capitalism（资本主义）⒓-ard指人，带轻蔑意味 drunkard（醉鬼），coward（胆小鬼）13．-ette小，（商业上）表示假的
cigarette（香烟），kitchenette（小厨房），essayette（短论文），storyette（短篇小说），flannette（棉法兰 绒），leatherette（人造革）。⒕-y,-ie加在称呼上表示亲昵。
Deary（亲爱的），daddy（爸爸），granny（奶奶、姥姥），shorty（短衣服）⒖-let小（加在名词后面）
booklet（小册子），streamlet（小溪）⒗-ling小（带有轻蔑的意思）
lordling（愧儡王），professorling（小教授），weakling（窝囊废），hireling（市侩）⒘-age加在动词后面，表示行为的结果
stoppage（阻塞），storage（储藏），marriage（婚姻），stortage（短缺）⒙-al加在动词后面
approval（建议），denial（否认），refusal（拒绝），rehearsal（彩排）
⒚-ion,-sion,-tion加在动词后面
selection（选择），correction（修改），intention（打 算），recognition（认识），description（描写），education（教育），solution（解决），decision（决定）20．－cy构成名词
accuracy（正确性），diplomacy（外交），constancy（经常），bankruptcy（破产）21.-dom表示国家，职业，状况
freedom（自由），martyrdom（殉难），kingdom（王国），wisdom（智慧）
22.-ful加在容器后面，表示某容器的容量
handful（一把的），mouthful（一口之量的），glassful（一杯之量的）
23.-hood为名词后辍，表示关系或抽象意义
brotherhood（兄弟），fatherhood（你辈），neighborhood（邻居），likelihood（可能性）24.-it,is表示“炎症”
bronchitis（支气管炎），arthritis（关节炎），appendicitis（阑尾炎）
25.-ity加在形容词后面，表示抽象意义 ability（能力），reality（现实）.26.-ment加在动词后面
advertisement（广告），government（政府），punishment（惩罚），settlement（解决），statement（声明），pavement（人行道）27.-ness是最活跃的后缀之一，可以加在许多形容词后，构成抽 象名词
friendliness（友好），kindness（和蔼），progressiveness（进步）
28.-gram构成“画、图、字”等含义
diagram（图表，图解），program（计划），telegram（电 文，电报）
29.-ship加在名词后面，表示状态、抽象概念 friendship（友谊），relationship（关系），membership（成员），citizenship（居民权）
30.-try,-ery加在名词、形容词、动词后面，表示集体，地点 archery（箭术），fishery（渔场），brewery（酿酒厂），forestry（林业）31.-th是名词后辍
birth（出生），death（死亡），depth（深度），growth（生长），strength（力量），truth（真理）32．-ty加在形容词后面，表示特性或情况
bounty（慷慨，好施），cruelty（残酷），loyalty（忠 诚），plenty（多），safety（安全）33．-ure加在动词后面，表示行为及其结果
disclosure（说出，透露），expenditure（花费），mixture（混合），exposure（展现，暴露），picture（图画）34.-ics主要表示一门学问
acoustics（声学），aerobatics（技巧飞行），economics（经济学），electronics（电子学），mechanics（机械学）35．-logy表示一门学科
archaeology（考古学），biology（生物学），etymology（词源学），geology（地理学）36.-nomy astronomy（天文学），economy（经济），taxonomy（分类学）形容词后缀单词举例.⒈-able,-ible加在动词后面
acceptable（可接受的），avoidable（可避免的）understandable（可理解的），readable（可读的），countable（可数的），possible（可能的）2．-al加在地名上
African（非洲的），Australian（澳大利亚的），Canadian（加拿 大的）
⒋-ern表示方向
eastern（东方的），northern（北方的），southern（南 方的），western（西方的）⒌-ese 表示人 Japanese（日本人），Chinese（中国人），Vietnamese（越南人）
6．-ic加在名词后面
economic（经济的），specific（特殊的），scientific（科学的）
⒎-ical加在名词后面
economical（经济的），historical（历史的），political（政治的）8．-ish ⑴.加在国家名称后面，表示该国的或者该国的人。
Swedish（瑞典的），Irish（爱尔兰的），Danish（丹麦的）⑵.加在普通名词后面，表示“具有……性质”，或者含有轻 蔑的意思。
Childish（幼稚的），womanish（女人气的），foolish（愚昧的），selfish（自私的）。
⑶.加在表示颜色的形容词后面，表示“略带……颜色的”。Greenish（微绿的），yessowish（微黄色的）。⒐-ar加在外词后面，构成形容词
annular（环状的），familiar（熟悉的），linear（线的），nuclear（原子的），angular（角的），circular（圆的）⒑－ed加在名词后面，构成形容词
aged（年长的），cultured（有文化的），skilled（有技术 的），talented（有才能的），wretched（可怜的）⒒-fold加在数词或名词后，构成形容词
twofold（双倍的），threefold（三倍的），tenfold（十 倍的），thousandfold（千倍的），manifold（许多倍的）⒓-id构成形容词
acid（酸的），acrid（刻薄的）⒔-ing加在动词后面，构成形容词
appetizing（开胃的），encouraging（鼓舞人心的），exciting（令人激动的），interesting（有趣的）。⒕-less加在名词后面，构成与之反义的形容词
armless（无手臂的），boundless（无限的），countless（不可数的），faithless（背信弃义的）
15．-proof加在名词之后，表示“防…的”形容词
airproof（防气的），soundproof（隔音的），bombproof（防炸弹的），burglarproof（防盗的），waterproof（防水的）⒗-some加在形容词后，构成形容词
fulsome（过度的，讨厌的），gladsome（愉快的），tiresome（疲惫的），lonesome（孤独的）⒘-ious,-uous,-eous构成形容词
various（多种多样的），continuous（继续的），courageous（有勇气的）18．-en加在名词后面，构成动词 lengthen（加长），frighten（恐吓）动词后缀单词举例..⒈-ate,-ute accumulate（集中），formulate（形成），calculate（计 算），attribute（归功）⒉-en加在名词、形容词后面
blacken（使……黑），broaden（扩宽），deepen（加深），fasten（加快），harden（加固），thicken（加厚）⒊-ify加在名词、形容词后面
acidify,alkalify（碱化），beautify（美化），electrify（使充电），certify（肯定），modify（修正）4．-ize,-ise,-yze,-yse Americanize（美国化），analyze（分析），democratize（民主化），modernize（现代化），popularize（通俗化，推广）5．-er batter（猛打），flatter（吹捧），chatter（喋喋不休地 说），whisper（耳语）副词后缀单词举例.1．-ly加在形容词后面
immediately（立即），quickly（快的），namely（即，就是说）2．-ways,-wise,-ward加在名词或代词后面 endways（末端向上地），endwise（末端向下地），lengthways（纵长地），lengthwise（纵长地），backwards（向后退地），upwards（向上地）
第二篇：高考语法-形容词和副词辨析
形容词和副词辨析
历届高考题选 1 1.Some of the houses on the hillside are_____ to cars.A.inaccessible 2.Don’t be too _____ about things you are not supposed to know.A.strange 3.The new research team was led by the _____ engineer.A.main 4.It is a good way for us to memorize new words by seeing them _____.A.properly 5.Those T-shirts are usually $35 each, but today they have a _____price of $19 in the Shopping Center.A.regular 6.A person’s _____ body temperature is about 37℃.A.ordinary 7.B.impossible C.inconvenient D.inadequate
B.amusing C.curious D.conscious
B.major
C.chief
D.primary
B.repeatedly C.clearly
D.usually B.special
C.cheap
D.particular B.normal
C.common D.usual---Will Miss Wang attend our meeting tomorrow?---It will not be _____ so.A.commonly 8.His laziness at work made him _____with his workmates.A.distrusted 9.It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, _____ if you don’t speak the language.A.extremely 10.What he has done is far from _____.A.satisfactory 11.After the president made an official announcement, she expressed her _____ opinion.A.personal 12.Alice laid her baby on the sofa _____ and wrapped it with a blanket.A.silently 13.Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he B.necessarily C.usually
D.extremely B.disliked C.unpopular D.unwelcome B.naturally C.basically D.especially B.satisfied C.satisfaction D.satisfy
B.private
C.single D.inpidual
B.tenderly
C.friendly D.comfortably _____ passed the last exam.A.easily 14.Our bodies are strengthened by taking exercise._____, our minds are developed by learning.A.Probably 15.I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a(an)_____ trick.A.ordinary 16.I would be very _____if you could give me an early reply.A.pleasant 17.The lessons given by Mr.Smith are always _____ and interesting.A.lovingly 18.He left in such a hurry that I _____ had time to thank him.A.almost 19.While a person is asleep, a part of his brain is still _____.A.active
B.hardly
C.actually D.successfully B.Likely
C.Similarly D.Generally
B.easy
C.smart D.simple
B.grateful C.satisfied D.helpful
B.lovely
C.lively D.vividly
B.even
C.hardly D.nearly
B.alive
C.awake D.aware 1-5 ACCBB 6-10 BBCDA 11-15 ABBCD
历届高考题选 2 1.16-19 BCCA When you turn on the TV set, clear pictures will _____appear on the screen.A.rapidly 2.When climbing the hill John was knocked unconscious by an _____ rolling stone.A.untouched 3.Her son, to whom she was so _____, went abroad ten years ago.A.loved 4.I don’t think Peter is too young to take care of the peg dog _____.A.correctly 5.According to the new research gardening is a more _____ exercise for older women than jogging or swimming.A.mental 6.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea._____, neither of them
B.hurriedly C.lately D.immediately B.unexpected C.unfamiliar D.unbelievable
B.cared
C.devoted D.affected B.properly C.exactly D.actively B.physical C.effective D.efficient could swim.A.In fact 7.The magazine is a(n)_____ number.You can take it out of the reading room.A.back 8.It is good for elderly people to be _____ involved in community service.A.honestly 9.All the people _____ at the party were his supporters.A.present 10.Sugar is not an important element in bread, but flour is _____.A.unique 11.The secret of his success is that he does everything _____.A.efficiently 12.The shopkeeper gave us _____ weight: we got 9 kilos instead of 10 kilos.A.scarce 13.B.Luckily C.Unfortunately D.Naturally
B.past
C.old
D.former B.patiently C.eagerly D.actively B.thankful C.interested D.important B.essential C.natural
D.adequate B.curiously C.anxiously D.sufficiently B.short
C.light
D.slight----You don’t look very _____.Are you ill?----No, I’m just a bit tired.A.good 14.In _____, the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.A.common 15.According to the recent survey, cancer is the leading cause of death among young adults in this area, _____ women.A.apparently 16.The university claims that a(n)_____ international student requires $12000 to cover the cost of living in one academic year.A.single 17.My grandfather is as _____ as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing all day.A.enthusiastic 18.Broadly speaking, I would agree with Shirley, though not _____.A.widely
B.well
C.strong
D.healthy B.total
C.general D.particularly B.especially C.exactly
D.probably B.only
C.independent D.unique B.energetic C.talkative D.sensitive B.thoroughly C.entirely D.extensively 19.Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being _____.A.graceful B.fashionable
C.particular
D.feasible 1-5 DBCBC 6-10 CADAB 11-15 ABBCB
1.16-19 ABCB
历届高考题选 3 Although I can walk about, there is still a _____pain in my leg.A.weak 2.Finnish President said Finland-China relations had progressed _____with fruitful cooperation in new and high-tech fields.A.peacefully 3.The elderly need special care in winter, as they are _____ to the sudden change of weather.A.sensitive 4.When we plan our vacation, mother often offers _____ suggestions.A.careful 5.In _____ Chinese culture, marriage decisions were often made by parents B.slight
C.tender
D.soft B.highly
C.quietly
D.smoothly B.sensible
C.flexible D.positive
B.practical C.effective D.acceptable for their children.A.traditional 6.Most people on this island are recreational fishers, and _____, fishing forms an actual part of their leisure time.A.accidentally 7.Mr.Smith used to smoke _____ but he has given it up.A.seriously 8.That his only son was killed in the air crash was a _____blow to the old man.A.heavy 9.I don’t care about the good salary offered by the company.What I need is a(n)_____ post.A.creating 10.The more frequently farmers use insecticides, the more _____ the insects will become to the chemicals.A.resistant 11.B.historic C.remote
D.initial B.purposefully C.obviously D.formally B.heavily C.badly
D.hardly
B.broad
C.plain
D.main
B.awarding C.challenging D.competing
B.available C.sensitive D.agreeable Studies show that many diseases such as SARS and AIDS are _____ from wildlife.A.especially 12.There was such a long queue for coffee at the interval that we _____ gave up.A.eventually 13.At times, worrying is a normal, _____ response to a difficult event or situation—a loved one being injured in an accident, for example.A.effective 14.If it is quite _____ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday.A.convenient 15.My mother always gets a bit _____ if we don’t arrive when we say we will.A.anxious 16.Small cars are _____ of fuel, so they have more appeal for consumers.A.free 17.B.originally C.magically D.visibly B.unfortunately C.generously D.purposefully
B.inpidual C.inevitable D.unfavorable B.fair
C.easy
D.comfortable
B.ashamed C.weak D.patient
B.short
C.typical
D.economical The performer was waving his stick in the street and it _____ missed the child standing nearby.A.narrowly 18.You can see the stars on a clear night, but in the daytime they are _____.A.unavoidable 19.I hope I will not be called on in class as I’m not yet _____ prepared.A.attentively B.readily
C.actively
D.adequately B.invisible
C.inaccessible
D.unavailable B.nearly
C.hardly
D.closely 1-5 BDABA 6-10 CBACA 11-15 BACAA
1.历届高考题选 4
16-19 DABD Fitness is important is sport, but of at least _____ importance are skills.A.fair 2.The committee is discussing the problem right now.It will _____ have been solved by the end of next week.A.eagerly 3.Letterboxes are much more _____ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead.A.common
B.reasonable C.equal
D.proper B.hopefully C.immediately D.gradually B.normal
C.ordinary D.usual 4.Green products are becoming more and more popular because they are environmentally _____.A.friendly 5.Although the country has had political independence for over a century, _____, it needs the support of its neighbors.A.naturally 6.The study surveyed 500 families and found the main _____ problem people suffered was tiredness, followed by loneliness and anxiety.A.domestic 7.Since Tom _____ downloaded a virus into his computer, he can not open the file now.8.John was dismissed last week because of his _____ attitudes towards his job.A.informal 9.A new _____ bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago.B.various C.common D.changeable B.economically C.especially D.luckily B.public
C.psychological D.biological B.casual
C.determined D.earnest A.normal 10.B.usual
C.regular
D.common The final score of the basketball match was 93:94.We were only _____beaten.A.nearly 11.It is not socially _____ for parents to leave children unattended at that age.A.accessible 12.“Could we put off the meeting?” she asked.“_____,” he answered politely.“This is the only day everyone is available.” A.Not likely 13.This magazine is very _____ with young people, who like its content and style.A.familiar 14.She devoted herself _____ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.A.strongly 15.B.slightly C.narrowly D.lightly B.adorable C.adaptable D.acceptable B.Not exactly C.Not nearly D.Not really B.popular C.similar
D.particular B.extremely C.entirely D.freely He began to take political science _____ only when he left school.A.strictly 16.Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in B.truly
C.carefully
D.seriously temperature, thus creating a _____ environment.A.peaceful B.sensitive
C.common
1-5 CBAAB 6-10 CCBCC 11-15 DDBCD D
D.stable
第三篇：语法填空
高考语法填空专题练习
To improve relationship with others, you need to be aware of several sensible ways to complain.To begin
with, you need to be specific.Don’t say, “Boy, did you act ” Instead, say, “You embarrassed ” , stick to the present.Don’t mention old offences the problem at hand.Moreover, when you complain, never add insults.you start calling the other person names, that will only create anger and hurt any chance of getting the person to really listen to you.A last point(remember)is to complain privately.Never criticize the other person in front of friends, parents, children, or anyone else for that matter.(shame)the person being criticized and makes it very likelythe person will want to attack you(oral)rather than listen to you.2
Someone asked me, “What do you think of youth?” I showed him a can of COKE.See this? “C” means “courage”.is a seed in everyone’s heart.Courage gives us the power
to follow our dreams.Believe in.“O” stands for “optimism”.When in trouble, some people feel disappointed but some peoplestill
on you.If you frown, you will get similar look in return.Throw away the(sad)in your heart while“K” can be understood as “knowledge”.In order to keep up to enrich ourselves.Knowledge is the food of thought(grow)wiser.“E” is short for “enthusiasm”.Enthusiasm is the sign of youth.We use colorful paint brushes to create
the pictures of youth.Let us let out our enthusiasmDrink a can of COKE.You will find your youth as refreshing as a can of coke.Enjoy and value your youth.3
In September, 2008, it was reported that many babies had been poisoned and become seriously illusing the Three Deer Milk Powder, famous brand product in China,the whole country and even the(fortunate), the Chinese government(ban)the unqualified milk immediately while the sick babies have been carefully treated in hospitals and most ofChina.(live)a healthy life, I think everybody should pay more attention to food safety.What’s more important is the government should take stricter measures4
In the dinning room of my grandfather’s house stood a heavy grandfather’s clock.Meals in the dinning
’s clock always stood like a of our life.during meals.I was
a wonderful great sound that echoed throughout the house.The clock chimed year after year, a part of my memories, a part of my heart.key was magic to me.It kept our family’s magnificent clock ticking and striking all year round.5
A bookless life is an incomplete life.Books influence the depth and breadth of life.They meet the natural
desire __31______ freedom, for expression, for creativity and beauty of life.Learners, therefore, must have books, and the right type of book, for the satisfaction of __32_______ need.Readers turn__ 33______(nature)to books because their curiosity concerning all manners of things, their eagerness to share in the experiences of others and their need to escape from their own _34______(limit)environment lead them to find in books food for the mind __35_____ the spirit.Through their reading they find a deeper significance to life as books acquaint them with life in the world as it was and it is now.They _36__________(present)with a persity of human experiences and come to respect other ways of thought and living.And while _37_______(establish)their own relationships and responses to life, the readers often find __38______ the characters in their stories are going through similar adjustments, 39_____ help to clarify and give significance to their own.Books provide abundant material for readers’ imagination to grow.Imagination is __40___ valuable quality
and a motivating power, and stimulates achievement.While enriching their imagination, books widen their
outlook, develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure properly.The social and educational
significance of the readers’ books cannot be overestimated in an academic library.6
Many scientists are optimistic that new ways of generating large amounts of energy will be successfully
developed, 31.______ at the same time they fear the consequences.If the world population goes on increasing at
its present rate, 32._______ each inpidual continues to use more energy every year, we may, in fifty years’
time, be burning up so much energy 33.________ we would damage the earth’s atmosphere.By raising the
temperature of the atmosphere, we could melt the Arctic and Antarctic ice-caps and change the pattern of
vegetable and animal life throughout the world—a 34._______(frighten)possibility.These dangers will have to 35.________(keep)in mind as scientists continue with 36.________ experiments.In the meantime, we can all help to protect the environment 37.______ not wasting energy.38._______ means
driving more carefully(if you have to use a car—it’s healthier and cheaper to ride a bike)and turning off
39._________(necessary)lighting and heating in the home.In these small ways we can all help to make the
world 40.__________ cleaner, healthier place for future generations.7
Afghanistan's only known pig has been locked in a room, away from visitors to Kabul zoo where it normally
grazes beside deer and goats, because people are worried it could infect them with the virus popularly known as
“ swine flu”.The pig is a curiosity in Muslim Afghanistan, 31pork and pig products are illegal because they are
(religion), and has been in quarantine(隔离)since Sunday after visitors expressed alarm it
could spread the new flu strain.“For now the pig is under quarantine, we built 33a room because of swine influenza,” Aziz Gul
(get)the flu.“Worldwide, more than 1,000 people 35(infect)with the H1N1 flu virus, according to36World Health Organization, which also says 26 people have so far died from the strain.All but one of the deaths
were in Mexico, the epicenter of the outbreak.37are no pig farms in Afghanistan and no direct civilian flights 38Kabul and Mexico.”We understand 39, but most people don't have enough knowledge.When they see the pig in the
cage they get worried and think that they could get ill,“ Saqib said.the zoo from China.8
it was given by
his aunt, he decided to advertise in the newspaper,(hope)that someone had found it.Three days
passed, but no one returned it.umbrella from the City Library last Sunday morning does not
want to get into trouble, he must return it to No.10 North Street.”
the next morning, Mr.White was greatly surprised
when he opened his front door.In the doorway he found twelve umbrellas of
(vary)colors.his own one was among them, many of had notes tied to
.The notes said that they had been taken the umbrella by mistake and
(beg)the loser not to say anything about the matter.9
Dear World,My son starts school today.It's going to be strange and new to him for a while.And I wish you would treat
him gently.You see, up to now, he's been the king of the roast.He’(be)around to repair his wounds, and to soothe his feelings.(live)his life in the world he has to live in will require faith and love and courage.his young hand and teach him the things he will
have to know.Teach him, but gently, if you can.Teach him that for every villain(坏人)there is a hero;that for
every crocked(喝醉了的)politician(政客）there is a dedicated leader;that for every enemy there is a friend.Teach
they are wrong.Teach him to sell his brawn(强健的肌肉）and brains to the highest bidder(出价人），his heart and soul.Teach him gently, World, but don’t spoil him, because only the test of fire makes fine steel.you can do.He’s such a nice little fellow.Yours sincerely
A Mother
(10)
Children pushed in buggies（儿童车）which face away from their parents may suffer long-term emotional and
language problems, according to a study published on Friday.The research, 31(believe)to be the first of 32kind, found that children who were not
their parents compared with those babies that did.The findings were based on a study of 2,722 parents and babies and 34experiment where 20 babies half.Parents using face-to-face buggies were twice as likely to talk to their children 36the heart rates of they were feeling relaxed and safe.38(addition)only one baby out of the 20 studied laughed while sitting in an away-facing buggy.“Our data 39(suggest)that for many babies today, life in a buggy is emotionally impoverished and possibly stressful.And stressed babies grow into anxious adults ” said Dr Suzanne Zeedyk, Developmental
参考答案：
(1)31.like/as32.me33.Secondly34.which/that 35.If
36.to remember37.Criticizing 38.shames39.that40.orally
本文讲述为了增进与其他人的友谊，你需要知道的多种明智的抱怨方法。
31.like/as ,考查介词及其搭配，act like/as„..意为“举动像什么一样”
32.me考查代词。此处是指你喝醉酒和对我父母说不适当的笑话，使得我很尴尬。
33.Secondly 考查序数词。To begin with是第一的意思，后面的moreover, a last point都是表示顺序的词语，此处是第二。
34.which/that 考查定语从句。关系词在从句中作主语。
35.If 考查连词。后面的will 提示此处要使用If。
36.to remember 考查非谓语动词中的动词不定式。被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next, last, only, not a, the, very等限定词时，该名词用不定式做定语。
37.Criticizing 考查非谓语动词中的现在分词。Criticizing在此处作主语。
38.shames 考查谓语动词。全文的时态是现在时，因为主语是This，此处使用第三人称单数。
39.that考查连词。注意区别be likely that后接从句，be likely to do sth。
40.orally 考查副词。orally 修饰attack.(2)31.There 32.yourselves 33.latter34.a35.sadness
36.filling 37.with38.and39.will grow 40.wherever/where
作者比喻年轻就像是COKE，通过分别解译C-O-K-E代表的意思，告诉我们应该享受年轻。
31.There 考查固定搭配There be表示存在有。
32.yourselves 考查反身代词 此处意为相信你自己。
33.latter考查形容词 the latter指的是后者。
34.a 考查冠词。
35.sadness 考查名词。sadness是sad的名词形式。
36.filling 考查非谓语动词中的现在分词。此处省略了you are
37.with考查介词及搭配keep up with 意为“和...保持联系”，类似于catch up with。
38.and 考查连词，此处表示并列。
39.will grow 考查谓语动词。在条件状语从句（if，as long as，even if）、时间状语从句（when，until，before，the moment„）中往往用一般现在时表示将来。
40.wherever /where 考查连词 此处缺少地点状语。
(3)31.after32.a33.which34.Fortunately 35.banned
36.them37.in38.living39.that40.to ensure
这是一篇关于三鹿奶粉的简短报道。
31.after考查介词，此处指使用三鹿奶粉后很多小孩中毒。
32.a 考查不定冠词，泛指一家。
33.which 考查定语从句连词，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，只能填which。
34.Fortunately 考查副词。副词位于句首作状语。
35.banned 考查谓语从句。时态为过去式，使用ban的过去式banned。
36.them考查人称代词。作介词of的宾语，所以使用宾语them，指代 sick babies
37.in 考查介词。在中国用介词in。
38.living 考查非谓语动词中的现在分词。作介词of的宾语，使用主动。
39.that 考查连词，此句是一个表语从句。
40.to ensure 考查动词不定式，表目的。
(4)31.for32.watching33.which34.As35.it
36.surprised37.with38.what39.wound40.The
本文是描述餐厅里大钟以及与它有关的一些故事。
31.for考查介词，表目的。注意our four generations to become one不是句子，所以不能填that.32.watching考查现在分词，从后面and telling可以得到提示用现在分词形式。
33.which 考查连词，此处是一个非限制性定语从句。
34.As考查介语，as此处意为作为的意思。
35.it考查代词，指代clock。
36.surprised考查过去分词。过去分词作was的表语。
37.with考查介词，此处表示伴随。
38.what 考查连词，此处what既作did 的宾语，又起连接表语从句连词的作用。
39.wound 考查动词时态，此处使用过去式，wind给„„上发条时的过去式为wound。
40.The 考查定冠词。特指前文提到过的key。
(5)31.for32 their33.naturally34 limited35.and
are presented37.establishing38.that39.which40.a
本文通过举例说明读书的重要性。因为没有书的生活是不完整的生活。
31.for考查介词及其搭配 desire for sth，渴望某事。
their考查代词。指代learners’
33.naturally 考查副词，修饰动词turn
limited考查动词过去分词，limited用定语修饰environment。
35.and考查连词，连接mind与spirit.36 are presented 考查谓语动词，present与主语的关系是被动的，使用被动语态。
37.establishing考查非谓语动词中的现在分词，此处表主动，使用一般式。此处省略they are
38.that考查连词，此处为宾语从句。
39.which 考查定语从句，此句为非限制性定语从句。
40.a 考查不定冠词，表泛指。
(6)31.but32.and33.that34.frightening35.be kept
36.their37.by38.This/That/It39.unnecessary 40.a
此文是关于能源危机及人口增长带来的环境问题。
31.but 考查连词，前文是optimistic,后文是fear，因此此处表示转折。
32.and考查连词，前文“世界人口继续以现在的速度增长”与后文“每一个人继续使用能源”是并列的关系，所以填and。
33.that考查连词及其搭配，so„ that表示如此„.以致。
34.frightening考查现在分词，此处现在分词作定语修饰possibility，表示令人害怕的„，形容物，使用现在分词形式而不能使用过去分词形式。
35.be kept考查搭配 have to 后接动词原形，因为danger与keep是被动的关系，所以使用变动式。
36.their考查代词，指代前面的scientist科学家。此处没有特指的意思，所以不填the。
37.by考查介词，by 表示通过什么途径的意思，此处不是考搭配protect„ from„ 因为代入后意思不通。
38.This/That/It考查代词，指代前文提到的内容，可以使用 this/that/it.39.unnecessary 考查形容词，此处的意思是表示不必要的，使用填unnecessary.40.a 考查冠词，结构为a+形容词+单数可数名词。
(7)31.where32.irreligious 33.it 34.getting35.have been infected 36.the
37.There 38.between39.that40.to
本文描写因为猪流感，阿富汗唯一的一只猪被关了“禁闭”。
31.where考查定语从句连词。Where在从句中作状语，先行词为Muslim Afghanistan。
32.irreligious 考查形容词。此句意为这只猪在以伊斯兰教为主的阿富汗是个稀罕物，因为猪他们的宗教忌讳，因此猪肉和猪制品都是违法的。
33.it 考查代词。指代pig。
34.getting 考查现在分词，getting作介词about 的宾语。
35.have been infected have been infected 考查谓语动词。从后文的“26 people have so far died from”知道此处用现在完成时，又因为people与infect是被动的关系，所以填have been infected。
36.the考查定冠词，在专有名词前用定冠词。
37.There 考查副词搭配 there be 存在有。
38.between 考查介词搭配 between „.and „ 此句意为“ 阿富汗没有养猪场，喀布尔和墨西哥之间也没有直飞航班。”
39.that考查代词 指代上一句话。
40.to 考查介词，to 后接对象，如果填of表示为动物园的礼物，与文章语意不通。
(8)31.As/Since/Because 32.hoping33.like34.an35.On
36.various37.And38.which39.them40.begged
本文描写怀特先生不见了自已那把伞后照朋友给的意见写了一则新闻，意外收到12把伞的故事。
31.As/Since/Because考查连词，前后的关系是表示因果的，所以填As/Since/Because
32.hoping考查现在分词 表示希望别人能还给伞给他，表主动和伴随。
33.like考查介词 表示像这样。
34.an考查冠词 表示泛指，因为umbrella中的U发元音，所以填an。
35.On考查介词 表示具体时间用on。
36.various 考查形容词，various作定语修饰colors。
37.And 考查连词，前后表示并列的关系。
38.which 考查连词，此句是定语从句，作of的宾语。
39.them考查代词，指代umbrella。
40.begged 考查谓语动词，said 与begged是并列的关系。
(9)31.have been32.different33.that/which 34.To live 35.So
36.by37.in38.him39.on 40.what
这是一个母亲在儿子上学前写给世界先生的一封信。
31.have been 考查谓语动词时态 前面的He’s been boss of the backyard，提示此处要用完成时。
32.different考查形容词，different是difference的形容词性，different 作be 动词的表语。
33.that/which 考查定语从句连词。that/which在定语从句作主语。
34.To live 考查动词不定式。不定式作主语，表目的。
35.So 考查连词，表示因果关系。
36.by考查介词 拉着某人的手用介词by。
37.in 考查介词及其搭配 have faith in相信, 信任
38.him考查代词，指代他。
39.on 考查介词及其搭配，put sth on sth 是搭配，意思把什么加在什么上，此句意为“教他可以最高价付出自己的精力和智慧，但绝不可以出卖良心和灵魂”
40.what 考查连词 what既作see 的宾语，也作do 的宾语。
(10)31.believed 32.its/this33.with34.an35.other
36.while37.that38.Additionally 39.suggests40.who
调查研究发现宝宝坐童车背对父母有碍身心发育。
31.believed 考查过去分词，research与believe是被动的关系，使用过去分词形式。
32.its/this 考查代词，指代这种。
33.with考查介词，表示伴随。
34.an 考查冠词，泛指一次实验。
35.other考查代词，指另外的一半。
36.while 考查连词，while在此处表示对比。
37.that 考查连词，此句是一个同位语从句，从句对indicator作解译说明。
38.Additionally 考查副词，放句首作状语。
39.suggests 考查谓语动词，data是复数形式，此处表示整体，谓语动词使用单数形式。
40.who 考查定语从句连词，who在从句中作主语。
第四篇：高考语法填空解题技巧及专项训练
高考语法填空解题技巧及专项训练
语法填空是近年来高考英语科新推出的一种题型。这种题型能全面检测学生在英语词汇、语法，甚至是句法上的运用能力，能更科学地反映学生的英语综合水平。本题型分两种情况：一种为已给单词提示，一种为不给单词提示。本人就这两种情况进行了深入的研究，总结出十三条语法填空的解题技巧。语篇型语法填空题的形式为：在一篇200词左右的语篇（短文或对话）中留出10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式，所填写词语不得多于3个单词。考生须灵活运用语法知识，如单词词性、单词时态、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等判断各空白处应填写的内容。
一、给出动词基本形态，填写词性词形转化(转为名词、形容词)，或填写谓语部分，可能需要填写两个或三个词，或是填写非谓语动词；
二、给出形容词，需要填写比较级、最高级，或词性词形转化，转化为副词，或是填写反义词(前缀)；
三、给出副词，填写比较级、最高级，或是填写反义词；
四、不给提示词，主要填写介词、连词、冠词和代词。
有提示词：考查谓语动词非谓语动词形容词副词
无提示词：考查冠词介词连词代词
一、已给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题可以考查学生对单词形式变化的掌握程度。单词形式变化主要有两种，一是词的形、数、式的变化，一是词的派生变化。在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题，看是否需要使用复合的变化形式，这一点是很重要的。
技巧一：名词形式变化。名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1：There are many students living at school，the(child)houses are all far from schoo1．
由students-词可以判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式—— 复数的所有格children’s。
技巧二：动词形式变化。动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。
例2：A talk——(give)tomorrow is written by Professor Zhang．
句中的is是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词应当用作非谓语。从tomorrow可以看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式；且报告是give动作的承受者，故可以判断出横线所在处用give的不定式被动式——tn be given。
技巧三：代词形式变化。代词形式变化通常是与人称变化有关的三大类五小类，即人称代词(主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有几个不定代词的形式变化，如no one／none、other／another等。
例3：The king decided to see the painter by——(he)． 由介词bv可以看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
技巧四：形容词、副词比较级变化。英语中大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和最高级的变化。构成比较级和最高级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和．est，或在词前Imore／less和most／least，且形容词的绝对最高级还要冠以the。
例4：I am— —(tall)than Liu Wen．He is the tallest students in my class．
此题后句交代了LiuWen是班上最高的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以不能用taller，只能用表示程度不如的“less tall”。
技巧五：数词形式变化。数词的形式变化包括基数词、序数词，或加后缀一teen、．ty的变化，甚至还有作分母用的序数词的单复数形式，以及one／two的特殊变化形式。
例5：To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses．My eldest son shall take a half,my second son shall take a(three)．．．
从上下文连续起来理解，这是一个分马的计划，大儿子分得a half，也就是“一半”或“二分之一”，那么二儿子应该得“三分之一”，所以要填入作分母的序数词“third”才能命中目标。
技巧六：词的派生。词的派生现象在英语单词中是很常见的，派生现象主要发生在名词、动词、形容词、副词四种词中。这种题型还有可能检测学生对词根、前后缀、派生词的掌握。例6：Lious lost his wallet yesterday，SO he was very____(happiness)．
在这道题中，学生很容易判断出该用形容词，由此可知将happinessJ~ ．成词根h印py；钱包丢了，人应该是不开心的，所以要再加个前缀Hn．，就成了unhappy。
二、未给单词提示题型的技巧
此类题难度较大，但也是有方法对付的。
技巧七：固定短语结构。根据句中横线前后及整句来判断横线前后是否构成一个固定短语，但有时要对横线前或后的几个单词“视而不见”才能命中答案。
例7：The children were playing on the ground，enjoying____，dirty but happy．
从句中的happy可以 猜出孩子们是开心的，所以应用enj0y oneself短语，故其答案为themselves。例8：His bosswas____angry astofire him．
如果“跳过”横线后面的angry，就可以发现这里用到一个关联短语SO?as to，所以，so是正解。
技巧八：从句引导词。从句是此题型最为常见的一个方向，主要检测学生对引导词的掌握程度。例9：He did not done_____his father had asked him to do．
审题可知，横线所在为宾语从句的引导词，此引导词在从旬中充当宾语，且指物，所以是what。例10：Those_____want to go to the village must sign here．
经过观察可以判断横线所在为定语从句的引导词，进一步观察可知先行词为those，且指人，所以只能填入who。
技巧九：短语动词结构。短语动词是以动词为中心的两个或多个词构成的短语，此类短语中往往是动词与介词或副词连用的多些。例11：The us consists____fifty states．
根据常识可知，美国由50个州组成，故横线处与前一词组合，表示“由? ?组成”，所以答案是of。
例12：Mrs Baker was ill，so her daughter had to ask for leave to take_____of her．
生病需要人照顾，所以答案是care，与前后词构成take care of。
技巧十：短语介词结构。短语介词即多个词的组合起介词作用的短语，如：except for，due to等。例13：Mr Smithtook a planetoLondon____of taking a train．
此题中说到两种交通工具，所以可以理解此句有“坐……而不是坐……”的意思，故答案为instead，以构成介词短语instead of。例14：Justthen，he saw a blackboard in_____ofhim．细心观察，可以看出填人fr0nt即可构成in front of，此题得解。
技巧十一：连词、关联短语结构。常用的连词有and，or，but，so，for，while等，常用的关联短语有both……and，either……or，neither……nor，not only……but also等。例15：Little Wang Jun could not go to school，_____his family was too poor．
此处表示原因，引导的分句其实是一种解释说明，不是必然的因果关系，且前面有逗号隔开，所以填for。
例16：____Marrie and Jannie like going to the theatre．
横线处的词与后面可以构成both?and，故答案为Both。
技巧十二：冠词、介词和常用的副词。冠词只能是在a，an，the之间判断；常用的介词有in，at，on，before，during等，通常考查固定搭配；副词的量还是比较多，如：however，never，yet，much等，但一般不会考查．1y形式的方式副词(见技巧六——形容词派生副词的情况)。例17：Jackie likes to drive at____ high speed．
这里考查的是不定冠词的习惯用法，答案为a，构成at a high speed，“以高速”开车。例18：Old Tom’s grand·daughter used to visit him_____Saturday afternoon．
Saturday afternoon是指定的某天下午，所以不用介词in，而用on才是正解。
例19：Though Liu Qiang did the same work____Zhang Wen did，hegotalowerpay______Zhang Wen．
第一条横线可由前面的the same断出用as，第二条横线则可由lower断出比较意义，故答案为than。
例20：It was only one day left,_____，his father had no idea to answer him．
观察上下旬，可以看出是转折关系，且横线与前后用逗号隔开，排除but，所以答案是however。
技巧十三：上下文中出现的相关词。这一招是最为灵活的，但也是最难的。学生可以根据上下文关系和自己积累的知识，填入某个已出现的词，或其反义词，或其同类的某个词。答案的线索可能在本句，可能出现在上下相连的一句，还可能出现在比较远的地方——上下段中与此段位置大体相当的句子。如果该横线出现在某段的首句，则线索可能在上下段的首句；如果横线出现在某段的末句，则线索可能在上下段的末句，以此类推。
例21：Tony____travelling abroad，but dislikes staying home watching TV．
由第二句话中的dislikes可以判断，此横线处应该是填其反义词likes。
语法填空作为一种新颖的题型，能全面地考查学生的英语综合应用能力。上述十三条技巧概括了此题型的多数考查方向，在高考备考复习中能起到很好的加强作用，真正做到事半功倍，较大地提高学生在此题型上的得分率。
附：2017年高考语法填空专题训练（13则）
(1)Once there lived a rich man
wanted to do something for the people of his town.32
first he wanted to find out whether they deserved his help.In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed
very large stone.Then he
34(hide)behind a tree and waited.Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone.Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.35
man came along and did the same thing;then another came ,and another.All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 36.Late in the afternoon a young man came along.He saw the stone，37(say)to himself: “The night
38(be)very dark.Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”
Then he began to move the stone.He pushed and pulled with all his
(strong)to move it.How great was his surprise at last!
the stone, he found a bag of money.Keys:
31.who
32.But
33.a
34.hid
35.Another
36.it
37.saying
38.will be
39.strength
40.Under
(2)The Internet is an amazing information resource.Students, teachers, and researchers use it as __31_ investigative tool.Journalists use it to find information for stories.Doctors use it to learn more about unfamiliar diseases and the 32_(late)medical development.Ordinary people use it for shopping, banking, bill-paying, and communicating with family and friends.People all over the world use it to connect with inpiduals from _33 countries and cultures.However, __34____there are many positive developments __35__(associate)with the Internet, there are also certain fears and concerns.__36___ concern relates to a lack of control over__37__ appears on the Internet.With television and radio there are editors to check the accuracy or appropriateness of the content of programs, and with television there are 38(restrict)on what kinds of programs can __39__(broadcast)and at what times of the day.With the Internet, parents cannot check a published guide to determine what is suitable __40____ their children to see.Keys:
31.an
32.latest
33.other/different
34.while
35.associated
36.One
37.what
38.restrictions
39.be broadcast(ed)
40.for
(3)Crying marriage? 31
(surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and
32(remain)in fashion
the end of the Qing Dynasty.Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a
(necessary)to marriage procedure.It is very much
same in different places of the province.According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding.36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon
as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village.In fact, there were cases
which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.In a word, crying at wedding is a
by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words.However, in the
(arrange)marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life.Keys:
31.Surprising
32.remained
33.until/till
34.necessity
35.the
36.Otherwise
37.her
38.in
39.way/means
40.arranged
(4)In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are neccessary.Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear ______31________ spoken..Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation._____32_______ ,we must be able to read the language , and fourthly, we must be able to write it.We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.There is no easy way to success _____33_______ language learning._____34________ good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only _____35________(memorize)rules from a grammar book.It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and ______36_________meaning, studying the dictionary and so on.We must learn by using the language._______37_______we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the languang.“Learn through use” is a good piece of _____38______(advise)for those ______39______are studying a new language.Practice is important.We must practise speaking and ____40____(write)the language whenever we can.Keys:
31.it
32.Thirdly 33.in
34.A
35.to memorize 36.their 37.If
38.advice 39.who
40.writing
(5)At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroads with a traffic light.I was alone on the road by now, but
I drove up to the light, it turned red, and I braked to a halt.I look left, right, and behind me.Nothing.32
a car, no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat，33(wait)the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.I started wondering
I refused to run the light.I was not afraid of
(catch)by the police, because there was obviously no cop anywhere around and
certainly would have been no danger in going
it.Much later that night, the
question of why I’d stopped for that light came
to me.I think I stopped because it’s part of a contract(合同)we all have with each other.It’s not only the law, but it’s an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor
: we don’t go through red lights.Like most of us, I’m more ready to be stopped from doing something bad by the social agreement that disapproves of it than by any law against it.Keys:
31.as / when
32.Not
33.waiting
34.why
35.being caught
36.there
37.through
38.same
39.back
40.it
(6)Nowadays, millions
lonely singles are now going online instead.32
World Wide Web is quickly becoming the world’s most popular matchmaker(媒人).Singles are flocking(涌向)to the Internet
(main)because their busy lifestyles leave them little time to look for a significant other.Using dating sites(约会网址)is quick and convenient.Many singles say the regular dating scene
34(just lead)them from one bad experience to
and are ready to try something else.Dating sites also make
easy to avoid someone
you are not interested in.In the real world，38 , ignoring someone you don’t like can be difficult.Despite all the advantages, online dating also presents its own set of problems.People aren’t always those who they declare to be in their online
39(describe).Safety is another concern.You are just
40(like)to find a criminal online as you are Mr.Or Miss Right.Keys;
31.of
32.The
33.mainly
34.has just led
35.another
36.it
37.who / whom
38.however
39.description
40.likely
(7)Polar bears are suffering in a
(warm)world than ever before.Polar bears live in environments too cold for most animals.32
much of the year, they live and hunt on the frozen Arctic sea ice.Nature has prepared
for the cold conditions.But nothing has prepared the bears for the danger that
(threat)the only home they know.The polar bears’ world is melting.Studies show that the polar ice has reduced by 9.8% every 10 years
1978.Now about 20,000 to 25,000 polar bears live in the Arctic.Polar bears depend on the sea ice for their
(survive).“The sea ice is more than just this platform that the bears walk over,” says Andrew Derocher，37
scientist who studies North American polar bear populations.“ 38
it, they can’t exist.”
Some melting and refreezing of the polar ice is natural.39
in a warmer world, these cycles speed up, and bears have less time to hunt.Normally, they have three months in the spring when they gain more weight.The extra fat is used later，40
the bears are not actively hunting.Keys;
31.warmer
32.For/During
33.them
34.threatens
35.since
36.survival
37.a
38.Without
39.But
40.when
(8)
is possible that we simply do not stay in one place for a true friendship to develop.However, there can be no disagreement on the need for each of us
32(think)carefully about the kind of friendships we want.To most of us, friendships are considered
(importance), but need to have clear in our own minds
kinds of friendships we want.Are they to be close or
(keep)at arm’s length? Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people, many friendships on the surface are quite enough—and that’s all right.But at some point we need to make sure that our expectations are the same as our
(friend)expectations.If one wants more from the friendship than the other, 37
if this is not talked about, one is likely at last to fell that he’s holding the short end of the stick.The sharing of personal experience
38(include)our tears as well as our dark dreams 39
(be)the surest way to deepen friendships.But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there signs of interest and action 40
return.Keys:
31.It
32.to think 33.important
34.the
35.kept 36.friends’ 37.and
38.including
39.is
40.in
(9)
Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student.31_____ a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with 32_____(inform)in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination.The ideal student is considered to be one who is motivated to learn for the sake of learning, not the one interested only in getting high grades.Sometimes homework is returned 33_____ brief written comments but without a grade.Even if a grade is not given, the student is 34_________(responsibility)for learning the material assigned.When research 35______(assign), the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with minimum guidance.It is the student's responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library.Professors do not have the time to explain 36_____ a university library works;they expect students, 37______(special)graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference origins in the library.Professors will help students who need it, but prefer that their students should not be too dependent on them.In the United States, professors have many other duties 38 ______ teaching, such as administrative or research work.Therefore, the time 39______ a professor can spend with a student outside of class 40______(limit).If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either approach a professor during office hours or make an appointment.Keys:
31.If / When
32.information
33.with
34.responsible
35.is assigned
36.how
37.particularly/especially
38.besides
39.which/ that
40.is limited
(10)This is a true story which happened in the States.A man came out of his home to admire his new truck.To his
31(puzzle), his three-year-old son was
32(happy)hammering dents(凹痕)into the shiny paint of the truck.The man ran to his son, knocked him away, hammered the little boy's hands into pulp(果浆汁)as
33(punish).When the father calmed down, he rushed his son to the hospital.34
the doctor tried desperately to save the crushed bones, he finally had to cut the fingers from both the boy's hands.When the boy
35(wake)up from the operation and saw his bandaged stubs, he innocently said, “Daddy, I'm sorry about your truck.” Then he asked, “ 36
when are my fingers going to grow back?” The father went home and committed suicide.Think about this story
next time someone steps on your feet or you wish to take revenge.Think first
you lose your patience with someone you love.Trucks can
39(repair).Broken bones and hurt feelings often can't.Too often we fail to recognize the difference between the person and the performance.We forget that forgiveness is
40(great)than revenge.People make mistakes.We are allowed to make mistakes.But the actions we take while in a rage will impress us forever.Keys:
31.puzzlement
32.happily
33.punishment
34.Although / Though
35.woke
36.but
37.the
38.before
39.be repaired
40.greater
(11)As I think back I realize how hard it is to view the world ____31____ the eyes of my childhood.____32____ child’s mind is still filled with the idea that anything and everything is possible.They haven’t begun building the mental walls yet.Watch a child ____33____(learn)to walk and it’s amazing.No matter how many times they fall down, they hop back up ____34____ they instinctively know that eventually they’ll be able to walk.They don’t have to worry what ____35____ think.They have no need to put up a front(讲面子).They are who they are.But somewhere along the line they learn to be ____36____(practice).Their creativity is blocked over time, as the world ____37____(teach)them to fit in.Eventually they don’t bounce back as fast
they fail.Learning is now something you have to do that is very boring and unpleasant.You and I ____39____ tear down those walls that are closing in and start fresh.It’s time to bring back that sense of joy and wonder.When you’re setting your goals for the New Year, think like a child.Set your goals as if ____40____ is possible.Keys;
31.through
32.a
33.learning
34.because
35.others
36.practical
37.teaches
38.when/if
39.can
40.anything
(12)
In many countries, ___31___ is not unusual for families of different backgrounds to live together in the shared space.___32___, in the United States, this idea may still be considered odd.But this type of housing, ___33___(call)co-housing, is gaining ___34___(popular)in the United States, too.Co-housing complexes are popping up across the country.For many people, this way of life is a relief to the busy modern lifestyle.A co-housing community has ___35___(private)owned houses and shared land.There is often a “common house” with a kitchen and dining room, meeting room, and maybe a workshop of library or music room.About 25 co-housing communities ___36___(build)in recent years, and 150 more are planned.A co-housing complex is a place ___37___ residents shop, cook, and eat together.Residents of a co-housing complex like its sense of shared community.Children have other kids to play ___38___, ___39___ many families like.Other residents like the feeling of living in a “ village”.Residents also say that they can live in co-housing for ___40 ___ money than they would pay for nearby apartments.Keys:
31.it
32.However
33.called
34.popularity
35.privately
36.has been built 37.where
38.with
39.which
40.less
(13)
I now had the key to all languages, __31_ I was eager to learn to use it.Children __32__ can hear learn languages without any particular effort.__33__ hear other people speak, and enjoy trying to make the same sounds.The__34__ child must learn languages in a slow and often painful way.__35__ even though the learning may be slow and painful, the result is wonderful.We advance gradually from merely__36__(name)objects to understanding the thought in a line of Shakespeare.At first, when my teacher told me about a new thing, I asked very__37__ questions.My ideas were not clear, and I didn’t know many.But as my knowledge of things__38__(grow）and I learned more and more words, I could ask more questions, and I would return again and again __39__ the same subject, eager for more information.Sometimes a new word made me remember an experience I had had__40__(early).31
Keys:
31.and
32.who
33.They
34.blind
35.But
36.naming
37.few
38.grew
39.to
40.earlier
第五篇：广东高考语法填空—— 冠词（最终版）
广东高考语法填空冠词
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Article(1)
一、不定冠词 a, an
1一类，以区别于他类Water is a liquid.2一类中任何一个。
Give me a pencil, please.3泛指某人或某物
He borrowed a dictionary from the library.4→“one'”，但数的概念没有one强烈。
He has a sister and two brothers.5→per每We go to the countryside twice a/ peryear.6.一阵（风）、一场（雪/ 雨）。
A heavy rain was falling.7.表 疾病。
have a cold / have a headache / have a stomachache
8.固定短语
a great deal of,all of a sudden,as a matter of fact,keep an eye on
9.fractions(分数):There is a third the size of that.10.a+unit of weight or measurement(度量单位):
a pound or two = one or two pounds
a day or two= one or two days
a week or two = one or two weeks
11.a + a proper noun（专有名词）:
A Mr.Smith called to ask about the job.Among the towns of the area there is a Newton, I believe.Did you know that she’s a Kennedy?(a member of that family)
12.a + a famous artist（referring to something created by that person）:
The museum recently purchased a Rembrandt.(= a paiting by Rembrandt)
My violin is a Straparius.13.a + ordinal number →another
I have tried twice but failed.Yet, I believe I need a third try.二、定冠词 the
1.特指某人或某物
Beijing is the capital of China.2.谈话双方都知道的某人或某物
Where is the teacher? The teacher must be in the office.3.上文提到的人或事物。
I saw a boy and a girl yesterday.The boy was John and the girl was Mary.4.世界上独一无二的事物。
The earth is bigger than the moon, but smaller than the sun.5.用于序数词和形容词最高级之前。
China is the largest country in Asia.6.the + 单数 → 表示某一类（同不定冠词）
The horse is a useful animal.= A horse is a useful animal.= Horses are useful animals.7.江、河、湖、海、群山、岛屿the Mississippi
8.在普通名词构成的专用名词前。the United Nations
9.the + 姓 s→全家人
The Greens came to China for a visit last year.10.the + adjective(形容词)，表示一类人
the rich,the poor,the sick,the blind,the dead,11.the + 东、西、南、北
Japan is in the east of Asia.Japan lies to the east of China.12..the+a part of the body or clothing
She grabbed me by(=my)sleeve.She led him by the(= his)hand.13the + 乐器（piano, violin, flute）
Einstein loved music and played the violin fairly well.14the表示世纪某一个年代
In the 1870s, when Marx was already in his fifties, he found it important to study the situation in Russian
15the + 比较级 → 最高级
The wounded boy was referring to the younger of the two noblemen.16.越…越…the + 比较级…the + 比较级…
The higher you climb, the farther you will see.17.表民族, 阶级the Chinese
The working class is the leading class.在很多习惯用法中。
all the way,every other day(每隔一天)
in the beginning,on the other hand
19.按周 / 月 / 年 付款
He is paid by the week.三、零冠词 no articles
1复数名词
Students should obey the standards of Everyday Behaviour.2物质名词和抽象名词We love science.3专用名词(proper nouns)
China lies in the east of Asia.4节日，假日，星期，月份，季节
National Day, Teachers' Day.5称呼 / 头衔 / 职务
The guard took the American to General Howe, commander of the British forces.6一日三餐 /球类运动 / 棋类游戏
play badminton / have lunch / play chess
9固定短语after school,on foot,go to school,inturn
四、用或不用冠词，意义上有差别
glass →a glass
room → a room
sand → the sands(= beach)
at a time一次;
at times 偶尔;不时
He asked them to come to his office one at a time.The tide is, at times, very high.in the charge of→ be controled by
in charge of = be responsible for
Class 2 is in the charge of Mr.Wang.Mr.Wang is in charge of Class 2.go to the church
go to church
in a way(在某种程度上
in the way 挡路 / 用某种方法
In a way, it is an important book.Do you work in the way I have shown you?
Please move this chair, it is in the way.Exercise
1.(11全国2.(11全国II)As he reachedfront door, Jack sawstrange sight.3.(11山东)Take your time—it’s just_____short distance from here to_____restaurant.4.(11浙江,)Experts think that_______recently discovered painting may be _______Picsso.5.(11四川）Dr.Peter Spence,headmaster of the school, told us, “fifth of
pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge.”
6.(11重庆）In communication, a smile is usually ___ strong sign of a friendly and _____ open attitude.7.(11陕西）As is known to all, People’s Republic of China isdeveloping country in the world.8.(11江西）——It’s said John will be in a job paying over ＄60,000 _____ year.—— Right, he will also get paid by_____ week.2010
1北京.First impressions are the most lasting.After all, you never get __ second chance to
make __ first impression.2.福建.It’s them 3.江苏 The visitors here are greatly impressed by the fact that_______ people from all walks of life are working hard for_____ new Jiangsu.4.辽.There are over 58, 000 rocky objects in ___ space, about 900 of which could fall down onto ___ earth.5.山东 If we sit near _______ front of the bus, we’ll have _______ better view.6.四川 most countries, a university degree can give you____flying start in life.7.浙江 Many lifestyle patterns do such __ great harm to health that they actually speed up
_____weakening of the human body.8.重庆 Everything comes with world..2009
1.安徽.We can never expect bluer sky unless we create
2.北京.The biggest whale is ___ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters long—the height of ____ 9-story building.3.江西 Some people fear that ________ air pollution may bring about changes in _______ weather around the world.4.海南.Let’s go tothat’ll take your mind off the problem for while
5.陕西.What prize!
6.四川 In order to find ___ better job, he decided to study ____ second foreign language.7.浙江．I don’t understand what the engineer means, but I’ve got _____ rough idea of _____ project plan.8.重庆
9.全国2.What I need isbook that contains ABC of oil painting..2008
1.湖南 Have you heard ______ news？The price of _______ petrol is going up again!
2..江苏We went right round to the west coast by ______ sea instead of driving across
______ continent.3.山东.Students should be encouraged to use ______ Internet as ______ resource.4.江西---I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.---It is not your fault.With __ rush-hour traffic and __ heavy rain, it is no wonder you were late.5.辽宁 My neighbor asked me to go for ___ walk, but I don’t think I’ve got ______ energy.6.全国II.It’s not ___ good idea to drive for four hours without ___ break.7.陕西 I ate _________ sandwich while I was waiting for _________ 20:08 train.8..四川 In the United States, there is always ____ flow of people to areas of ______ country where more jobs can be found.9..浙江.______ apple fell from the tree and hit him on ______ head.10.重庆In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation..2007
1.—Could you tell me the way to ____ Johnsons, please?
—Sorry, we don’t have ____ Johnson here in the village.2.________ walk is expected to last all day, so bring-------packed lunch.山东
3.—How about Christmas evening party?
—I should say it wassuccess.4.I looked under _____bed and found ______book I lost last week.北京
5.Polar bears live mostly on____sea ice, which they use as ____platform for hunting seals.湖南
6.We have every reason to believe that___ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be__
success.江苏
balanced diet and makeroom in their day for exercise.江西
8.In film Cast Away.Tom Hanks playsman named Chuck Noland.9.How about taking ___ short break? I want to make _______ call． 四川
10.I wanted to catch ____early train, but couldn’t get ____ ride to the station.天津
11.I like _____ color of your skirt.It is ___ good match for your blouse.浙江
12.Gorge couldn’t remember when he first met Mr.Anderson, but he was sure it was _____ Sunday because everybody was at _____ church.重庆
13.Chrismas is ___ special holiday when ____ whole family are supposed to get together.辽宁
.2006
1(全国.—Hello, could I speak to Mr.Smith?
—Sorry, wrong number.There isn't_____ Mr.Smith here.2．全国卷2.I know you don’t like ____ music very much.But what do you think of ____ music in the film we saw yesterday?
3北京---I knocked over my coffee cup.It went right over ______ keyboard.---You shouldn’t put drinks near ________ computer.4(重庆.Everywhere man has cut down __ forests in order to grow crops，or to use __ wood as fuel or as building material.5．辽宁.Of all_____reasons for my decision to become a university professor, my father’s advice was ___most important one.6(陕西According to ______World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent _____ spread of AIDS.7．湖南In________ review of 44 studies, American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of _____ heart disease by 76%.8．浙江.Don’t worry if you can’t come to _____ party.---I’ll save _____ cake for you.(+代词)
9．山东.For him ____ stage is just ___ means of making a living.
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