英美婚礼

第一篇：英美婚礼

英美结婚风俗

2006-2-9

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根据天主教（Catholicism）教规，教区居民在举行婚礼之前一定要预告三次。据说结婚预告可防止不正当的婚姻。如果新娘（bride）和新郎（bridegroom）有一方已结婚，或新娘和新郎可能有血缘关系，知情人看了结婚预告必须举报。由于这个办法行之有效，所以流传至今已有1000多年历史。

在结婚之前要发婚礼请柬（wedding invitation）。过去都是由新娘这一方发送，现在逐渐由新娘、新郎双方负责。被邀请的客人一般带着庆贺礼物参加婚礼，所以过多地邀请客人会有贪图钱财之嫌。

在苏格兰，当举行婚礼仪式时，新娘一进门，她先要把一大块蛋糕抛向空中，抛得越高，就意味着婚姻越美满。如果她抛得不高，新郎和家人就会闷闷不乐，因为这预示着他们的婚姻会破裂。

在教堂举行的婚礼上，一般演奏两首婚礼进行曲（wedding march）。新娘走向神坛时，奏的是庄重缓慢的《婚礼合唱》（Wedding Chorus），它选自理查德·瓦格纳（Richard Wagner）1848年谱写的歌剧《洛亨格林》（Lohengrin）。新娘新郎走出教堂时演奏的则是欢快的《结婚序曲》（Wedding Overture），选自菲利克斯·门德尔松（Felix Mendelssohn）1826年谱写的《仲夏夜之梦》（A Midsummer Night's Dream）。

美国人的婚礼可概括为“新、旧、借、蓝”（something old，something new，something borrowed and something blue）。“新”指新娘的白色婚礼服（white wedding gown）必须是新的，它是纯洁童贞（virginity）的象征，它也标志新娘将开始新的生活。“旧”指新娘头上的白纱必须是母亲用过的旧纱，表示不忘父母的养育之恩。“借”指新娘手里拿的手帕必须是从女朋友那儿借来的，表示不忘朋友的友谊之情。“蓝”指新娘身上披的缎带必须是蓝色的，表示新娘对爱情的忠贞之情。

送交新娘（Giving the bride away）是宗教婚礼仪式上的一个重要项目。新娘的父亲护送女儿走向教堂里圣坛的台阶，在送交仪式上，新娘父亲将女儿的右手递给牧师，牧师（minister）再将新娘的手递给新郎。如果新娘的父亲已去世，就由一位男性亲属来代替。

婚礼上新郎和新娘交换戒指（double-ring ceremonies），圆戒指象征夫妻恩爱长久，没有终结。新娘和新郎要当众亲吻，此时，人们把大米撒落在新婚夫妇（newlyweds）身上，预祝他们子孙满堂，人丁兴旺。

婚宴上新郎和新娘合力切开一只特制的结婚蛋糕（wedding cake），两人先互相喂吃一小块，然后把其余的蛋糕分给所有来宾享用。

婚礼上有两名小女孩手持花束走在新郎新娘的前面。鲜花不仅能为婚礼增加色彩，而且还具有两重意义。一是因为花束轻又容易折断，因此象征处女的脆弱。二是开花后就意味着结果，所以人们把鲜花看作怀孕（pregnancy）的象征和处女时期的结束。

婚宴快要结束时，新娘把花束抛向未结婚的女子，得到花束的为幸运女孩，她就是下次婚礼的新娘。

除了在教堂举办的传统婚礼之外，有些人或婚礼从简，或标新立异，举办各种各样的婚礼。如“法院里的婚礼”，婚礼在当地法院进行，由法官当证婚人（witness of wedding），新郎和新娘穿着普通衣服，不办宴会，不请客人。也有的举办“户外婚礼”，婚礼在户外举行，就象平时的野餐一样。此外，还有空中婚礼、跳伞婚礼、海底婚礼，不一而足。

英国的保险业也涉足人们的婚姻，对夫妇双方有一种特殊保险——爱情保险。每对夫妇每月交纳5英镑的保险金即可享受爱情保险。如果夫妇自保险之日起，相处达25年，即可领到5000英镑的保险金。若两人中有一人不在了，未亡者可领到1000英镑的抚恤金。若夫妇二人不和，被遗弃的一方可得到3000英镑的保险金。

婚礼证词和结婚周年名称

Marriage Statement and

Wedding Anniversary

在英美等西方国家，在婚礼仪式上，新娘和新郎有独特的婚礼证词，与中国传统的结婚仪式大不一样。一般是由神父问新郎及新娘：

你愿否以此女人（男人）为你合法之妻子（丈夫），与你共同生活在圣洁之婚姻中？Do you take this woman（man）to be your lawful wedded wife（husband）to live together in the holy estate matrimony?

你愿否在病中、在平时心爱她（他）、护佑她（他）、照料她（他）、尊敬她（他），并摒弃一切，唯她（他）是赖，共度生活？ Will you love her（him）cherish her（him）keep her（him）honor her（him）in sickness in health and forsaking all other cleave you only under her（him）so long as both shall live?

我现在宣布你们两人为夫妇并希望你们两人幸福。I now pronounce you husband and wife, and hope you'll be both very happy.在婚礼上，新娘和新郎信誓旦旦，决心患难与共，白头偕老，但这并不妨碍他们出尔反尔，反目离婚。

英美人士对结婚周年纪念日十分重视，亲朋好友常欢聚一堂，隆重庆祝。夫妻间要根据结婚纪念日的含义互赠礼物，来宾也带来象征性的礼物。结婚的每个周年都有不同的名称，象征不同意义：

结婚第1周年叫纸婚（意思是由一张纸印的结婚证订下了婚姻关系）Paper wedding

第2年棉婚（加厚了一点）Cotton wedding

第3年皮革婚（有韧性）Leather wedding

第4年丝婚（缠紧）Silk wedding

第5年木婚（硬了心）Wood wedding

第6年铁婚或糖婚（夫妻关系更牢更甜）Iron or Sugar candy wedding

第7年铜婚（关系坚不可摧）Copper wedding

第8年陶器婚 Pottery wedding

第9年柳婚 Willow wedding

第10年锡婚 Tin wedding

第11年钢婚 Steel wedding

第12年亚麻婚Linen wedding

第13年花边婚Lace wedding

第14年象牙婚 Ivory wedding

第15年水晶婚 Crystal wedding

以后每5年一个名称：

第20年瓷婚 China wedding

第25年银婚（银婚大典）Silver wedding（Silver Jubilee）

第30年珍珠婚（珍珠般可贵）Pearls wedding

第35年珊瑚婚 Coral wedding

第40年红宝石婚 Ruby wedding

第45年蓝宝石婚 Sapphire wedding

第50年金婚（是第二个大典）Golden wedding

第55年翡翠婚 Emerald wedding

第60年钻石婚（是夫妻一生中最大的庆典）Diamond wedding（Diamond Jubilee）

蜜月

Honey Moon

人们把新婚的第1个月称为“蜜月”。蜜月据说源于北欧的古代习俗。古条顿人（Teutonic）在新婚第1个月内，新婚夫妇每天都要喝蜜水或蜜酒，还到风景优美的地方去旅行，以表示幸福生活的开始。由于天天喝蜜水不合胃口，逐渐被人摈弃，但仍婚后旅行，依然称为蜜月。

另有一种传说，英国古代的条顿族流行“抢婚”，丈夫为了避免抢来的妻子再被抢回去，就在新婚期间带着妻子到外地过隐居生活。那时在英格兰，蜂巢（honeycomb）随处可见。英国人自古以来就有饮用蜂蜜酒的习惯，隐居的夫妻每日三餐饮用蜂蜜酒，这段隐居的生活被称为蜜月。

还有一种传说，蜜月源于6世纪初的爱尔兰。那时，在爱尔兰居住着凯尔特部落。部落首领的女儿爱丽丝长得十分美丽。她有一个嗜好——爱吃糖。邻国王子便带着许多蜂蜜向她求婚。他们结婚时，爱丽丝就用蜂蜜酿的酒招待来宾。由于酿造的蜜酒太多，一时喝不完，新婚夫妇就将剩下的酒喝了1个月之久。于是，当地人结婚也都仿效饮蜜酒，并称新婚的第1个月为蜜月。在这一月内，新婚夫妇出外旅行。叫度蜜月。

第二篇：英美历史

American History

1.Colonial Period(1607-1775)

2.War of Independence and Founding of the United States(1775-1789)

3.Expansion of America(1790s-1890s)

4.American Civil War and Reconstruction(1861-1877)

5.Gilded Age and Progressive Era(1877-1920s)

6.The Great Depression and the New Deal(1920s-1940s)

7.American in Turbulence(1950s-1970s)

Natives of America：

Indians(since 20,000 ago)斯密斯船长2)102 Puritans, to escape religious persecution, sailed in a ship called Mayflower arrived at 2 War of Independence and Founding of the United States(1775-1789)

3)The was held in and the Congress founded a 5)In 1777, theestablished a weak federal government that operated until 1789.6)in 1788, thewas ratified , and the new republic's , and ——took office in 1789.Federalists and Anti-Federalists

Federalists:

Alexander Hamilton 汉密尔顿

John Jay 杰伊

James Madison 曼迪逊

Anti-Federalists:

Thomas Jefferson

Andrew Jackson, 第七任美国总统(1829-1837)

Jacksonian Democracy

杰克逊式民主美国前七任总统

3.Expansion of America(1790-1890)

1)1803, bought Louisiana from France

2)1818, bought Florida from Spain

3)1823, “Monroe Doctrine”: Its primary objective was to free the newly independent colonies of Latin America from European intervention and control.4)1840s, annexed Texas, New Mexico and California from Mexico

5)1867, bought Alaska from Russia

Westward Movement（late 18th –late 19th century）

美国领土扩张

4.American Civil War and Reconstruction(1861-1877)

Abraham Lincoln(1809-1865)

Gettysburg Address

• The world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget

what they did here.It is for us, the living, rather to be dedicated to the great task remaining before us;that from these honored dead, we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion;that this Nation, under GOD, shall have a new birth of freedom;and that government of the People by the People and for the People shall not perish from the earth."

• Abraham Lincoln

5.Gilded Age and Progressive Era(1877-1920s)

1)Gilded Age refers to major growth in population in the United States and extravagant displays of wealth and excess of America's upper-class during the post-and post-, in the late 19th century(1877-1890).The Progressive Era in thewas a period of reform which lasted from the 1890s to the 1920s.Responding to the changes brought about by industrialization, theadvocated a wide range of economic, political, social, and moral reforms.The Great Depression and the New Deal

1)Great Depression(1929-1933)to get America out of the depression.The New Deal includes and proposed to establish

Franklin D.Roosevelt(1933-1945)

Mount Rushmore National Memorial

Washington

Jefferson

Thoredore Roosevelt

Lincoln

7.American in Turbulence

1)The Civil Rights Movements

a 1956, the Supreme Court declared Alabama’s segregation laws unconstitutional.delivered the famous speech “”

2008.Obama’s

Rosa Parks(1913-2005)

Alabama’s segregation

Film:

2)Vietnam War(1950-1973)be the longest war it had fought as President.3)Watergate Scandal as a result of this scandal and handed over his power to vice president

British History

1.The founding of England

2.Medieval Period(1066-1487)

3.The English Reformation and the English Renaissance(1500-1600)

4.Civil War and Britain in the 17th Century

5.The Industrial Revolution(1780-1830)

6.Victorian Age(1837-1901)

7.Britain in the 20th CenturyThe founding of England

1)Early Settlers

2)Roman Britain(1st-–5th century)

Julius Caesar(102 BC---44 BC)

Emperor Hadrian(76---138)

Hadrian Wall

4)The Anglo-Saxons

2.Medieval Period(1066-1487)

1)Norman Conquest in 1066

2)The Great Charter in 1215

3)The Hundred Years' War with France(1337-1453)

4)The War of Roses(1453-1487)

1)Norman Conquest in 1066and landed in England and crowned the King of England.2)The Great Charter in 1215

or was a statement of the feudal relationship between the Crown and the Barons, a guarantee of the Freedom of the Church and a limitation of the powers of the king.King John(1166-1216)

3)The Hundred Years' War with France(1337-1453)

The Hundred Years' War was a prolonged conflict lasting from 1337 to 1453 between two royal houses for the French throne.The two primary contenders were theand the , also known as the House of Anjou.The House of Valois claimed the title of King of France, while the Plantagenets from England claimed to be Kings of France and England.4)The War of Roses(1453-1487)

The Wars of the Roses(1453–1487)were a series of dynasticfought inbetween supporters of the Houses of(representedThe English Reformation and the English Renaissance

1）The English Reformation

The English Reformation was the series of events in 16th centuryby which the(Anglican Church)first broke away from the authority of theand the.The beginning of the English Reformation is often considered 1534 when Supremacy passed which made theKing Henry VIII(1491-1547)电影

Queen Elizabeth(1533 – 1603)

Tolerant religious policy

Defeated Spanish Armada.打败西班牙无敌舰队

“a marble stone shall declare that a queen, having reigned such a time, lived and died a virgin”4 Civil War and Britain in the 17th Century

1)The English Civil War

The English Civil War(1642–51)was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations betweenand.The Civil War ended with the Parliamentary victory at theon 3 September 1651.The Civil War led to the trial and , the exile of his son, Charles II, and replacement ofwith first, the(1649–53), and then with a(1653–59), under 's personal rule.2)The English Restoration(1660-1688)

The English Restoration, or simply The Restoration began in 1660 when the ,andwere restored underafter thethat followed the.3)The Glorious Revolution

The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of(VII of Scotland)in 1688 by a union ofwith an invading army led by the(William of), who as a result ascended the English

throne as William III of England.4)The Bill of Rights

The Bill of Rights is an act of the , The Bill of Rights of theis largely a statement of certainto whichandof awere thought to be entitled in the late 17th century.It also sets out certain constitutional requirements ofto seek the consent of the people, as represented in.5)Whigs and Tories

As a result of the Glorious Revolution, the Whigs and Tories came into being.They were

the world's first political parties and over the years to come they were to share government and opposition in a dual party system.The Whigs became the Liberal Party in the 19th century and the Tories became the Conservative Party.The Industrial Revolution(1780-1830)

Overview: The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, production, and transportation had a profound effect on theandconditions in.It started with the mechanization of theindustries.The introduction offuelled primarily by coal, wider utilization ofand powered machinery underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity.Major Innovations:James Watt‘s steam engine in 1765.Consequence: Britain was by 1830s the “”.6.Victorian Age(1837-1901)

The Chartist Movement(1836-1848)

Chartism was a movement forandin theduring the mid-19th century between 1838 and 1848.It takes its name from the People's Charter of 18387 Britain in the 20th Century

1).Britain and the First World War

The Work War I was fought from 1914 to 1918 primarily between two European Power blocs： “the Central power” Germany and Austria-Hungary，and the “Allies”，Britain，France and Russia.During the war，the Britain lost much.Apart from the loss of manpower，there had been considerable disruption of the economy and society.Out of the war settlement came the

2).Britain Between the Two World Wars

The effects of the New York Stock Market Crash of 1929 soon spread throughout Europe and by 1931 Britain was entering the Great depression.Edward VIII(1894-1972)

3).Britain and the Second World War

As Adolf Hitler and Nazism showed off their aggressive momentum in Europe，the Prime Minister，（绥靖政策）of German aggression was no longer tenable，and was forced to declare war on Germany on September 3, 1939.4).Postwar Britain

（1）One of the most far-reaching consequences of the War was that it hastened the end of Britain‘s empire.（2）In 1952 Princess Elizabeth was crowned Queen Elizabeth II.Many people through television saw the ceremony.（4）In January 1973，Britain became a full member of the European Economic Community which was still called the Common Market in 1973.Britain witnessed the first oil shock in 1973.（5）Mrs.Thatcher

Thatcherism referred to the policies put forward by Margaret Thatcher，in England in 1979.The main contents of her policies included the use of monetarist policies to control inflation，the weakening of trade unions the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.To some extent her program was successful and she led one of the most remarkable periods in the British economy.Mrs.Thatcher(1925---)

第三篇：英美文学

Analysis of Robinson Crusoe

2009级师范三班刘静 Robinson Crusoe is written by Defoe(1660 ~ 1731), known as the father of English novel and the periodical literature.He is the father of the English novel and periodical literature, who was born in a family which was against the Anglican Protestant.His father is a businessman, doing business.His article influenced the later development of journal articles and newspaper.Because the speech, he was repeatedly arrested.At the age of 59 Defoe began writing fiction as a novelist, show remarkable ability.Robinson Crusoe Robinson is Defoe's first novel, is also one of the most famous novels.It is based on a British seaman on a deserted island alone for 4 years in exile records and creation.Robinson is the heroine of Defoe works in accordance with their ideals and created the character, he killed out of doing business, living on a desert island for 28 years, overcome all sorts of unimaginable difficulties.He start empty-handed, develop the island, not only to their own survival, and create a new world.He was a pioneer in the image, a real asset class hero.In this figure embodies the western ocean civilization tradition, with the outward development of curiosity, desire to conquer and spirit of adventure, praised the strength quality and working spirit.The novel opens English realistic novel road.In this novel, there are so many about the Wonderful part, but two points impress: one is the author of the narrative language easy to understand.In front of the book, the author use a lot of space to introduce Robinson in the sea to sea before, whether does not listen to parents' guide, but follow the guidance of the soul, the careful psychological description, the author description most incisive.Two is a fascinating story, the protagonist of nearly thirty years of life vividly in front of us, let our eyes as if emerging from a young life.Robinson Crusoe is to let a person look after all that the most primitive, most of my books, not only because it is the wonderful, and it gives us the modern enlightenment.The most qualities I learn from Robinson Crusoe is not his hard-working and brave, but his amazing mental capacity.One can imagine, a single large living alone on a desert island life ten years, no one to accompany him, even the most basic, and a person simply talk for a while to do.The deserted island there is no house, no rice, can only rely on his own hard to create a piece of heaven and earth.The first nonwhite character to be given a realistic, inpidualized, and humane portrayal in the English novel, Friday has a huge literary and cultural importance.Recent rewritings of the Crusoe story, like J.M.Coetzee’s Foe and Michel Tournier’s Friday, emphasize the sad consequences of Crusoe’s

failure to understand Friday and suggest how the tale might be told very differently from the native’s perspective.Besides his importance to our culture, Friday is a key figure within the context of the novel.Friday’s sincere questions to Crusoe about the devil, which Crusoe answers only

indirectly and hesitantly, leave us wondering whether Crusoe’s knowledge of Christianity is superficial and sketchy in contrast to Friday’s full

understanding of his own god Benamuckee.In short, Friday’s exuberance and emotional directness often point out the wooden conventionality of Crusoe’s personality.Despite Friday’s subjugation, however, Crusoe appreciates Friday much more than he would a mere servant.Crusoe does not seem to value intimacy with humans much, but he does say that he loves Friday, which is a

remarkable disclosure.Crusoe may bring Friday Christianity and clothing, but Friday brings Crusoe emotional warmth and a vitality of spirit that Crusoe’s own European heart lacks.This novel shows that we need to believe ourselves, where there is a will, there is way.Use our hands, then see a new world.What is more, we are not only live ourselves in the world, we need to care about others.Be brave, and

never lose hope.

第四篇：英美文学

《英美文学》复习方法

一、找到《英美文学》的辅导书，例如《自考一本通》《自考直通车》等类型的汉语版辅导书。

二、先把汉语版辅导书的课文翻译通读，理解了全书每个章节的内容和知识点；用汉语记录重点；

三、第一轮复习顺序：

1、先看英国文学，后看美国文学

2、按照时间顺序看，每个时代都有代表性文学流派和代表作家及代表性作品

3、按照课本的章节顺序，看完汉语译文后，对照英语译文，划出课本上对每个时代代表性流派，代表作家和代表作品的描述和评论。名词性描述一般是填空题和选择搭配题；评论部分是简单题和问答题；*只看代表性的重要信息，非代表性作品和作家生平介绍不用看；记住某个时代某个流派有哪些代表作家，哪些代表性作品及该作品的简要介绍和评论。

4、按照章节划出重点信息，然后整理笔记；

5、全部整理完毕之后，基本上对文学史和代表文学作品有了基本了解。

四、第二轮复习顺序

1、找到历年真题，做题的时候对照答案，寻找该答案在课文原文中的原始线索，并作好整理记录；

2、整理理解全部真题的答案以后，对课本的重点知识就有了比较清楚的理解；

五、考前突击复习

1、依据真题笔记和第二轮复习的笔记，对不熟悉的部分进行重点复习。

2、根据以往考题的研究，旧题还会重新考，所以大家要关注所有做过的真题和各章节中没有考过的但属于代表性知识的部分，这些有可能是将要考的新题。自学考试已经有历史了，所以过去的真题加起来也就是全书的重点知识网络，所以认真复习真题并理解消化，整理帮助记忆，这对于考试制胜是最好的办法。

*警告：千万不要抛开课本直接做真题；

千万不要死记硬背，而是要在理解的基础上反复读，抄写，默记；反复整理笔记，新的笔记只记录没有掌握好的，直到最后的笔记成为提纲式的。

〈高级英语〉复习方法说明；

一、对照辅导书，精读课文，做课后练习；

二、找来历年考试真题，认真做，查到答案在课本中的相关地方

三、认真复习真题，总结知识点；错题本，反复研究错题

四、回到课本，从头到尾认真阅读课文，全面复习重点知识点；

五、整理真题，再次复习错题；

*高级英语上下册32个单元，复习面积很大，所以必须早动手，狠下功夫。

祝愿大家能够取得优秀的成绩！

第五篇：英美报刊

新闻标题 1.Explosion heard near Iranian Parliament2,President:Sino-Americanrelationship副links conductive to world peace and stability3, BMW’s problem child4,spent fuel shipment/Nuclear waste shipment副Germany to lift ban on transport of nuclear waste5,To save or Not to save6,The co-operation between the Government7Professor leaves $4M to his colledge,8Fomer bushaffical kills son abd self9US population figures to hit 300M10 Iraq’s Olympic rep kidnapped11 Man sentenced to 150 years12Us Russia fail to agree on WTO membership13Infustrial dream fades third world revives farms 术语《创世纪》Admissions offices招生办Advanced degree高等学位All works of lives各行各业Alumni connections校友联谊会Alumni校友Assault突袭Auction拍卖Ballet lesson芭蕾课Barebones budget少得可怜的预算Beautiful spot胜地Benign和蔼的Blare-to make a very coud,unpleasant noiseBlind date相亲Bold theory斗胆的理论Boozy嗜酒的Buddhist grottoes佛教石窟Buoyant开朗的活泼的Evolution wars进化论之战Cable car缆车Cambrian寒武纪时代Carbon dioxide 二氧化碳Carte-balance全权，绝对的自由Cash cow摇钱树Center heat-supply集体供暖CEO:chief executive officer行政主管Chance mutations变异

Chief operating officer运营主管Christian fundamentalist基督教原教旨主义者Churn搅拌器

Clampen-to make sad or dullClique帮派Clinical psychology内科心理学Clot凝结Commercialism商业主义Communist regime共产党政府Consulting-firm顾问公司Controversy争议Correspondence education函授教育Counterpart职位相当的人Cramp-to keep in a narrow spaceCrass commercialism唯利是图Creationism神秘论Criteria评判、标准Critical inquiry批评性探索Critique批评Cultural relics文化遗产Daring topic大胆的话题Darwin’s theory达尔文进化论(origin of species物种起源/natural selection自然选择/survivalof the fittest适者生存)

Dead souls“老”不死的Debt specialist债务分析家Dilemma进退维谷Distance education class远程教育Document文件、记录记载Dot-com world网络世界Edge渴望Educational environment学习环境Extra curricular activities课外活动Elite college精英大学Elite university一流大学Elite精英Embolden使..勇敢Emulation-desire or ambition to equal or surpass仿效、竞争Erode-to wear away磨损消逝Established有建树的人Establishment住所景点Ethnic favor民族特色Exquisite精美的高雅的Face to face instruction面对面指导Faith-based science以宗教为基础的科学Fossil record化石标本Fossil化石Full scholarships全额奖学金Gainsay反驳、否认GE:General Electric通用电气公司Genetic code遗传密码Getty conservation Institute文物保护中心Go online上网Gobi Desert戈壁滩Gravitate受吸引Gray brick灰砖大学Haphazard偶然的Hard-core defender坚决维护着Have access to有权进入HBS:Harvard Business School哈佛商学院Hiker and backpacker徒步旅行的人Identical gene相同基因Identity

formation个性形成Indigenous life本土生活Information-based economy信息经济Infrastructure基础设施 Intelligent design智慧、巧妙的设计Investment bank投资银行Libertarians鼓吹公民自由Log in登陆Lose its edge失去优势Lucrative offers丰厚的报酬Magazine rankings杂志排行榜 Management expertise管理专业知识Massive military军事现代化MBA:Master of Business Administration工商管理硕士Meet love with hate以德报怨Mind-numb情感冷漠

MoGao grotto莫高窟Moisture潮气Multinational company跨国公司Mural壁画

Navigate the local bureaucracy驾驭地方官僚主义Nightmare噩梦，梦魇Non scientific alternatives非科学选择Non-renewable resource不可再生资源Oasis沙漠中的绿洲On-campus master’s program在校研究生课程Opponent反对论Outlook人生观Overhaul-to examine thoroughly彻底改革Peer-reviewed journal同行专业评论杂志Pitfall隐患，易犯的错误

Plight困境Preside主持Prime-time黄金时段Private university私立大学Proponent支持者Pseudo science伪科学Public amusement公共娱乐Public university公立大学Grotto石窟Rank Three三教九流Ratio比率Reconcile使和解，调停Release释放、出版发行Remote enrolment远程注册Returnee归国留学生Rigorous严峻的艰苦的Rollicking-noisy , cheerful喧闹快乐的Run the risk of being guinea pigs实验主体SAT scores数学/语文公测School board学校董事会Scribble down乱写乱涂Script手稿/伶牙俐齿Selective college重点大学Self-discipline自我约束Seminal works初级工作Seminal work胚胎Seminal精液的生殖的Senior fellow资深研究院Sensibility感觉、情感Sensitive issue敏感话题Separation of state and church政教分离Shift work倒班Silicon valley硅谷Silk Road丝绸之路Start-ups新兴企业State-owned国营的Statue雕塑Step onto a university campus上大学Structure改革Superintend dent教育局负责人Suspend-to temporarily prevent fromcontinuzing or being in force or effect暂停、中止Swarm蜂拥而至Symposium酒会，座谈会Tacky质量低劣的Teleconference电话会议Terra-cotta土陶，粘土Test prep courses考前辅导班The delicate subject matter微妙的题材The lion’s share很大的比例The winner-Take-All Society胜者通吃的社会Think tangle智囊团Thwart阻止

Tourist authorities旅游局Trek长途跋涉Turf battle势力范围UNESCO:United Nations Education Science Culture Organization联合国教科文组织University Continuing Education Association大学成人教育Unveil揭示Upland高地Upper rungs上层职位Upsurge急剧上升，增长

Validation确认Venture capitalist风险投资家Vigorous有精力的Violate违背，侵犯Virtual class虚拟课程Vitality生命力、活力World heritage世界遗产World relics世界遗产

英美婚礼

第一篇：英美婚礼

第二篇：英美历史

第三篇：英美文学

第四篇：英美文学

第五篇：英美报刊

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