第一篇:考研-常见介词用法总结
介词
一、In 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在…里面;在, 于;在…部位上
I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。They live in France.他们住在法国。
2.(表示时间)在…时期, 在…之后, 在过程中
In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs.她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。
I cannot see you now, come back in half an hour.我现在不能见你, 半小时后回来。3.(表示方向)往…内, 朝…方向
I saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。4.(表示状态)处于…之中, 在…情况下
Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。
They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。5.(表示方式)用, 以, 按, 乘, 以…形式
They were speaking in Italian.他们在讲意大利语。They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。6.(表示原因)由于, 为了
He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧, 所以走了。7.(表示领域, 范围)在…以内
It is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。8.(表示结果)当做, 作为
What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢? 9.(表示目的)为了
They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。10.[表示职业、活动等]从事于,参加
11.[表示数量、程度、比例]按,以;从…中 12.[表示品质、能力等]在…之中;在…身上
I don't think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。
二、On 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在…上, 在…旁, 在…身边
That book on the desk is an atlas.桌上的那本书是地图册。2.(表示时间)在…之时
It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth.事情发生在15号的上午。
On arriving home, I was met by my daughter.到家时我的女儿出来迎接我。3.(表示方向)向, 往, 朝;沿着, 顺着
They marched on the enemy's fortress.他们向敌人的要塞进军。
We were driving on a California freeway.我们正沿着加利福尼亚的一条快车道驾车行驶。4.(表示状态)系于, 悬于;附于
A picture hangs on the wall.墙上挂着一幅画。
He carried a coat on his arm.他手臂上搭着一件外衣。
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5.(表示方式)乘, 坐, 骑
She will leave on an early train.她将乘早班火车离开。We went to the factory on foot.我们步行到工厂去。6.(表示对象)对, 对于, 碰在, 对…造成困难
There is much to be said on both sides.公说公有理, 婆说婆有理。The car broke down on us.汽车抛锚给我们造成了麻烦。7.(表示原因)由于, 因为
The old worker retired on account of age.老工人因年老而退休。8.(表示比较)与…相比
Today's weather is an improvement on yesterday's.今天的天气比昨天的好。9.(表示方位)在…方位
The town stands on the left bank of the river.该镇坐落在河的左岸。The post office is on the right.邮局在右边。
三、Into 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)持续到, 进行到
The meeting carried on into the afternoon.会议一直延续到下午。2.(表示方向)进入…中, 到…里
Anney ped into the water.安尼潜入水中。He came into the room.他到房子里面。3.(表示状态)进入…状态, 欠…债
They burst into laughter.他们突然大笑起来。
He is into me for one hundred yuan.他欠我100元。4.(表示对象)撞上, 渗进, 非常喜欢
He bumped into me.他撞上了我。
The oil will soak into the wood.油会渗进木头里。She is into music.她喜欢音乐。5.(表示目标)对着, 朝着
She looked into my eyes.她盯着我的眼睛看。6.(表示结果)分成, 变成
He sawed the stick into pieces.他把棍子锯成几截。Dusk deepened into night.黄昏变成了夜色。
She must be into her thirties by now.她一定30来岁了。7.(表示所属)输入
The information goes into a computer.这信息输入到电脑中。8.(表示过程)从事于
He talked of going into medicine.他谈到要学医。9.(表示运算)除
Dividing 3 into 6 gives 2.六除以三等于二。
四、To 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)到, 直到, 在…到来之前, 离…
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The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February.议会休会到二月十日。2.(表示方向)朝, 往, 通向
He turned to his companion before he replied.他转身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。3.(表示状态)紧贴着, 紧靠着, 对着
The two lovers danced cheek to cheek.那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。4.(表示对象)对, 对于, 对…来说
What will Doris say to it?对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢? 5.(表示比较)比, 相对于
The men are noodles to her.与她相比, 这些男人都是笨蛋。6.(表示方位)在…方向[方位], 处于…顺序
Scotland is to the north of England.苏格兰在英格兰之北。7.(表示距离)离, 距离
It is ten kilometres to the station.到车站十公里。8.(表示目标)到达, 直到
We came to a picturesque cottage.我们来到一座风景如画的村落。9.(表示结果)转换为, 转变为, 趋于
Wait until the lights change to green.等交通灯变成绿色再走。10.[表示归属]属于;…的
the key to the classroom教室的钥匙
11.[表示附加]附加于;加于
add this to the others把这个加在另外几个上面 12.[表示伴随]跟着; 伴随;随同
She danced to the music.她合着音乐跳舞。13.关于;就…而言;对于;依…看
What will he say to this?对此他会说什么? 14.适合;合乎;对…的反应是
五、Of 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)在…的, 在…之前;在…期间
He was born at the turn of the century.他出生于世纪之交。What do you do of a Saturday?星期六你干什么? 2.(表示方式)根据
She did it of her own will.她是自愿这么做的。3.(表示对象)对于, 就…而言
He felt quite certain of success.他对成功很有把握。
4.(表示原因)由于, 因为,(用于某些形容词后,后接与感情相关的人或事)
I was sick of their fun and games.他们的嬉闹让我厌烦。5.(表示方位)在;位于
New York is east of Washington.纽约在华盛顿以东。6.(表示范围)在…之中
Tom is the eldest of the family.汤姆是家里年龄最大的。7.(表示结果)在…方面
The place is easy of access.这地方容易进入。
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8.(表示目的)用于…的
This is a house of prayer.这是一座教堂。9.(表示否定)缺乏, 没有
They were destitute of necessaries of life.他们缺少生活必需品。10.属于(某人);关于(某人)11.属于(某物);(某事)部份的;关于(某物)12.出身于(某背景);住在(某地)13.关于,反映(某人或某事)
14.(用于表示性质、组成或涵盖)即,由…组成 15.(用于表示计量、时间或年龄等)
16.(常用在 some、a few 等词语之后,表示人或物的所属)属于…的17.(表示人或事的时空位置)在,当
18.(用于由动词转化的名词之后,of 之后的名词可以是受动者,也可以是施动者)
19.(用于某些动词后,后接动作所涉及的人或事)
20.(用于对某人的行为发表看法)21.(用于一个名词修饰另一个名词时)
六、At 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在, 于;到达, 达到;经, 由;在…旁, 靠近;在…里;在…上;在…方位
He was not at his office.他不在办公室。He was standing at the door.他正站在门边。
2.(表示时间)在, 在…时刻[时辰, 期间, 阶段, 时节];在…岁时
The meeting will open at 15 ∶ 00.会议在下午三点钟开始。
3.(表示状态)处于…状态, 在…情况下;处于最佳(或最差等)状态;在全盛(或谷底等)时期
The soldiers are standing at attention.士兵们立正站着。4.(表示方式)以…的方式;通过一次…的动作
I was there at a bound.我纵身一跃就到了那里。
5.(表示原因)因为, 由于;(与形容词连用)因为,由于,对…
We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到这可怕的景象, 我们被吓呆了。6.(表示距离)从, 在距离…处;在…远;从相隔…远的地方
I saw it at a distance.我从远处看见了它。7.(表示目标)朝, 向, 对着
He threw the key at me.他把钥匙丢给我。8.(表示环境)出席, 参加
I remember him at a banquet on that night.我记得那天晚上他参加了一个宴会。9.(表示方向)在…方面;(与形容词连用,表示状况)在…方面
She is good at describing things or expressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。10.(用于动词后,涉及未做成或未做完的事)11.用于速度、比率等)以,达
12.应…(而);响应;回答
七、From 4 / 16
介词 prep.1.(表示时间)从…, 自…
We've been working from morning to night.我们从早到晚一直工作。2.(表示状态)从某(位置、状态等)开(kāi)始(shǐ)
He rose from office boy to managing director in ten years.他在十年间由办公室勤杂员升至总经理。
3.(表示范围)从较低限度算起
The jackets are from 35 dollars.这些夹克衫起价是35美元。4.(表示来源)来自…;源于…;从…里取出
I come from the north.我是北方人。
He took a shaving mirror from his bag.他从手提包里拿出一面剃须镜。5.(表示分离)与…分离[隔开];减去;扣除
The wind blew his hat from his head.风将他的帽子从头上吹走了。Six from fifteen leaves nine.15减6等于9。6.(表示否定)免于;免遭
Wild fruit kept us from dying of starvation.我们靠着野果才没被饿死。7.(表示方位)从…;以…为开始方向
Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west.纬线是从东到西的线。8.(表示原因)因为, 出于
She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。9.(表示比较)与…相比;与…区分
She is different from her sister in character.她和她姐姐性格不同。He can tell a fake from the original.他能分辨出赝品和真品。
八、With 介词 prep.1.(表示关系)和…在一起
Would you like to go to the street with me?你愿和我一起上街吗? 2.(表示状态)具有, 带有
Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.许多具有中国艺术特色的展品陈列出来。
3.(表示方式)用, 以, 藉
The room is cooled with air conditioner.这房间用空调降温。4.(表示对象)对…, 关于
She was always good with the unfortunate.她对不幸的人总是很友好。5.(表示伴随)与此同时, 随着
I always rise with the bell.我总是听到铃声就起床。6.(表示让步)虽然, 尽管
With all his abilities, he failed completely.尽管很能干, 他还是一败涂地了。7.(表示原因)由于, 因为
She flushed with delight.她高兴得脸上通红。8.(表示态度)支持, 赞同
Is he with us or against us?他赞成我们还是反对我们? 9.(表示态度)跟(…对抗)
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We are struggling with backwardness.我们在和落后现象做斗争。10.与…对立;反对
11.包括;还有
12.与…方向一致;顺着 13.由…持有;由…负责
14.为…工作;受雇于;利用…的服务
15.虽然;尽管
16.在…旁边;在…附近;在…身边 17.在…之中;进入…之中 18.关于;就…而言
19.比较而言;与…相比较 20.同样;完全一样 21.同意的;和谐的 22.支持;站在…一边 二、九、By 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在…近旁;在身边;靠近
On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。2.(表示时间)不迟于;在…时候
Be here by four o'clock.四点钟之前到这儿。She should be back by now.她现在应该回来了。3.(表示方向)从…中经过
They came in by the back door.他们是由后门进来的。
4.(表示方式)搭乘, 通过;抓住…;靠, 采取;就…而论;以…称呼方式;以…的名义;凭着
Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你骑车还是坐车去? You can order tickets by telephone.你可以用电话订票。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的手臂。
Man does not live by bread alone.人不能单靠面包生存。
They decided to raise the money by subscription.他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。By temperament he was an artist.从气质上看, 他是一位画家。
They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。By God he's done it!老天为证, 他确实做了此事。I did it all by myself!我完全是靠自己做此事的。
5.(表示原因)随…而来, 由于(置于不带 the 的名词前,表示原因)
The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the headmaster.由于有校长的准许, 会议将在学校大厅举行。6.(表示方位)偏于
The steamer will go west by north.这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。7.(表示环境)借着…光亮
They were playing cards by electric light.他们正借着灯光打牌。8.(表示关涉)经过
I go by the house every day.我每天都要从这栋房子经过。9.(表示程度, 数量)以…之差
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We lost the match by one goal.我们以一分之差输了比赛。10.(常置于表被动的动词后,表示使为者)
11.在…期间;处于某种状况
12.从…看;依;按照
13.(与 the 连用,表示时间或量度单位)
14.(表示速率)
15.(补充有关出生地、职业等的信息)
16.(起誓时用)以…的名义
17.(表示触及或抓住的人或物的部份)18.(用于乘除运算)
19.(表示尺寸时用)
十、for 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)在(某一特定时间);在…时节;持续达 2.(表示方向)向, 朝, 开往
They made a rush for the exit.他们猛然冲向出口处。
3.(表示对象)替, 帮, 给, 为…做准备, 对, 对于, 对…来说, 在…一方
What can I do for you?我能帮你什么忙吗? Let me lift that heavy box for you.让我替你提那只重箱子。You had to be ready for any emergency.你得随时预防不测。
This inspired in them a love for learning.这使他们产生了学习的热情。Fortunately for him, he can swim.对他来说幸运的是, 他会游泳。He speaks too softly for her to hear.他讲话声音太轻, 她听不见。4.(表示原因)因为, 由于, 作为…的结果
I'm pretty angry with you for not telling me.由于你没有告诉我, 我对你很生气。5.(表示距离)延续达, 计有
I followed him for some distance.我跟着他走了一段路程。6.(表示结果)当做, 作为, 作为…的部分, 就…的条件而言
We can't accept that as a basis for a decision.我们不能同意以此为基础来做出决定。7.(表示目的)为了…, 适用于
The ship sent out a message for help.船只发出求救信号。She's the very person for the work.她最适合干这项工作。8.(表示态度)支持, 赞同, 想要
Are you for the plan or against it?你支持这计划还是反对它呢? 9.(表示比率)按…比例, 以…价格, 第…次
I bought this book for £3.我买这本书花了三英镑。
I met them for the second time last week.我上周第二次遇见他们。10.(表示对象、用途等)给,对,供
11.关于 12.代表
13.受雇于
14.支持;拥护
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15.为得到;为获取 16.换取
17.就…而言
18.对(某人)来说(困难、必需、愉快等)
十一、AS 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)当还是…的时候
As a schoolboy, he showed every sign of genius.当他还是个小学生的时候, 就显示出了天资聪慧。
2.(表示方式)以…的身份, 以…资格, 作为;以…形式, 以作为;以…角色, 扮演…角色;如同, 像
3.(表示结果)成为, 看作, 看成
We had better treat it as a joke.我们最好把它当作玩笑。4.(表示目的)为了, 以…为目的
The dykes were built as a protection against the sea.建筑堤坝是为了防止海水泛滥。5.(表示举例)例如, 诸如…之类的
We talked about such subjects as the weather.我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。
十二、than 介词 prep.1.与…相比
1.表示地点位置的介词
at ,in, on, to,for,above, over, on ,below, under ,in front [frant]of, in the front of,beside,behind 2.表示时间的介词
in , on,at ,in, after ,from, since,after, behind 3.表运动方向的介词: across, through
4.表示“在……之间”的介词: between, among 5.表示其他意义的介词 on ,about,by, with, in
一、In 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在…里面;在, 于;在…部位上
I could feel the tension in the room.我可以感觉到房间里的紧张气氛。They live in France.他们住在法国。
2.(表示时间)在…时期, 在…之后, 在过程中
In her twenties and thirties she had had no difficulty getting jobs.她在二三十岁时找工作一点也不困难。
I cannot see you now, come back in half an hour.我现在不能见你, 半小时后回来。3.(表示方向)往…内, 朝…方向
I saw him go in the shop.我看到他走进了商店。4.(表示状态)处于…之中, 在…情况下
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Martin was in his pyjamas.马丁穿着睡衣。
They were living in terrible poverty.他们生活在极度贫困之中。5.(表示方式)用, 以, 按, 乘, 以…形式
They were speaking in Italian.他们在讲意大利语。They went up in the lift.他们乘电梯上楼了。6.(表示原因)由于, 为了
He went in fear of his life.他为自己的性命担忧, 所以走了。7.(表示领域, 范围)在…以内
It is not in my power to do that.做那事非我力所能及。8.(表示结果)当做, 作为
What did you give him in return?你给他什么作为报答呢? 9.(表示目的)为了
They set off in search of the lost child.他们出发去寻找走失的孩子。10.[表示职业、活动等]从事于,参加
11.[表示数量、程度、比例]按,以;从…中 12.[表示品质、能力等]在…之中;在…身上
I don't think he had it in him.我认为他没这个本事。
二、On 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在…上, 在…旁, 在…身边
That book on the desk is an atlas.桌上的那本书是地图册。2.(表示时间)在…之时
It occurred on the morning of the fifteenth.事情发生在15号的上午。
On arriving home, I was met by my daughter.到家时我的女儿出来迎接我。3.(表示方向)向, 往, 朝;沿着, 顺着
They marched on the enemy's fortress.他们向敌人的要塞进军。
We were driving on a California freeway.我们正沿着加利福尼亚的一条快车道驾车行驶。4.(表示状态)系于, 悬于;附于
A picture hangs on the wall.墙上挂着一幅画。
He carried a coat on his arm.他手臂上搭着一件外衣。5.(表示方式)乘, 坐, 骑
She will leave on an early train.她将乘早班火车离开。We went to the factory on foot.我们步行到工厂去。6.(表示对象)对, 对于, 碰在, 对…造成困难
There is much to be said on both sides.公说公有理, 婆说婆有理。The car broke down on us.汽车抛锚给我们造成了麻烦。7.(表示原因)由于, 因为
The old worker retired on account of age.老工人因年老而退休。8.(表示比较)与…相比
Today's weather is an improvement on yesterday's.今天的天气比昨天的好。9.(表示方位)在…方位
The town stands on the left bank of the river.该镇坐落在河的左岸。The post office is on the right.邮局在右边。
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三、Into 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)持续到, 进行到
The meeting carried on into the afternoon.会议一直延续到下午。2.(表示方向)进入…中, 到…里
Anney ped into the water.安尼潜入水中。He came into the room.他到房子里面。3.(表示状态)进入…状态, 欠…债
They burst into laughter.他们突然大笑起来。
He is into me for one hundred yuan.他欠我100元。4.(表示对象)撞上, 渗进, 非常喜欢
He bumped into me.他撞上了我。
The oil will soak into the wood.油会渗进木头里。She is into music.她喜欢音乐。5.(表示目标)对着, 朝着
She looked into my eyes.她盯着我的眼睛看。6.(表示结果)分成, 变成
He sawed the stick into pieces.他把棍子锯成几截。Dusk deepened into night.黄昏变成了夜色。
She must be into her thirties by now.她一定30来岁了。7.(表示所属)输入
The information goes into a computer.这信息输入到电脑中。8.(表示过程)从事于
He talked of going into medicine.他谈到要学医。9.(表示运算)除
Dividing 3 into 6 gives 2.六除以三等于二。
四、To 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)到, 直到, 在…到来之前, 离…
The Parliament was prorogued to the tenth of February.议会休会到二月十日。2.(表示方向)朝, 往, 通向
He turned to his companion before he replied.他转身朝向他的伙伴然后回答。3.(表示状态)紧贴着, 紧靠着, 对着
The two lovers danced cheek to cheek.那对情侣脸贴着脸跳舞。4.(表示对象)对, 对于, 对…来说
What will Doris say to it?对此事多丽丝将怎么说呢? 5.(表示比较)比, 相对于
The men are noodles to her.与她相比, 这些男人都是笨蛋。6.(表示方位)在…方向[方位], 处于…顺序
Scotland is to the north of England.苏格兰在英格兰之北。7.(表示距离)离, 距离
It is ten kilometres to the station.到车站十公里。
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8.(表示目标)到达, 直到
We came to a picturesque cottage.我们来到一座风景如画的村落。9.(表示结果)转换为, 转变为, 趋于
Wait until the lights change to green.等交通灯变成绿色再走。10.[表示归属]属于;…的
the key to the classroom教室的钥匙
11.[表示附加]附加于;加于
add this to the others把这个加在另外几个上面 12.[表示伴随]跟着; 伴随;随同
She danced to the music.她合着音乐跳舞。13.关于;就…而言;对于;依…看
What will he say to this?对此他会说什么? 14.适合;合乎;对…的反应是
五、Of 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)在…的, 在…之前;在…期间
He was born at the turn of the century.他出生于世纪之交。What do you do of a Saturday?星期六你干什么? 2.(表示方式)根据
She did it of her own will.她是自愿这么做的。3.(表示对象)对于, 就…而言
He felt quite certain of success.他对成功很有把握。
4.(表示原因)由于, 因为,(用于某些形容词后,后接与感情相关的人或事)
I was sick of their fun and games.他们的嬉闹让我厌烦。5.(表示方位)在;位于
New York is east of Washington.纽约在华盛顿以东。6.(表示范围)在…之中
Tom is the eldest of the family.汤姆是家里年龄最大的。7.(表示结果)在…方面
The place is easy of access.这地方容易进入。8.(表示目的)用于…的
This is a house of prayer.这是一座教堂。9.(表示否定)缺乏, 没有
They were destitute of necessaries of life.他们缺少生活必需品。10.属于(某人);关于(某人)11.属于(某物);(某事)部份的;关于(某物)12.出身于(某背景);住在(某地)13.关于,反映(某人或某事)
14.(用于表示性质、组成或涵盖)即,由…组成 15.(用于表示计量、时间或年龄等)
16.(常用在 some、a few 等词语之后,表示人或物的所属)属于…的17.(表示人或事的时空位置)在,当
18.(用于由动词转化的名词之后,of 之后的名词可以是受动者,也可以是施动者)
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19.(用于某些动词后,后接动作所涉及的人或事)
20.(用于对某人的行为发表看法)21.(用于一个名词修饰另一个名词时)
六、At 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在, 于;到达, 达到;经, 由;在…旁, 靠近;在…里;在…上;在…方位
He was not at his office.他不在办公室。He was standing at the door.他正站在门边。
2.(表示时间)在, 在…时刻[时辰, 期间, 阶段, 时节];在…岁时
The meeting will open at 15 ∶ 00.会议在下午三点钟开始。
3.(表示状态)处于…状态, 在…情况下;处于最佳(或最差等)状态;在全盛(或谷底等)时期
The soldiers are standing at attention.士兵们立正站着。4.(表示方式)以…的方式;通过一次…的动作
I was there at a bound.我纵身一跃就到了那里。
5.(表示原因)因为, 由于;(与形容词连用)因为,由于,对…
We were frightened at the terrible sight.看到这可怕的景象, 我们被吓呆了。6.(表示距离)从, 在距离…处;在…远;从相隔…远的地方
I saw it at a distance.我从远处看见了它。7.(表示目标)朝, 向, 对着
He threw the key at me.他把钥匙丢给我。8.(表示环境)出席, 参加
I remember him at a banquet on that night.我记得那天晚上他参加了一个宴会。9.(表示方向)在…方面;(与形容词连用,表示状况)在…方面
She is good at describing things or expressing ideas.她善于描述事物或表达思想。10.(用于动词后,涉及未做成或未做完的事)11.用于速度、比率等)以,达
12.应…(而);响应;回答
七、From 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)从…, 自…
We've been working from morning to night.我们从早到晚一直工作。2.(表示状态)从某(位置、状态等)开(kāi)始(shǐ)
He rose from office boy to managing director in ten years.他在十年间由办公室勤杂员升至总经理。
3.(表示范围)从较低限度算起
The jackets are from 35 dollars.这些夹克衫起价是35美元。4.(表示来源)来自…;源于…;从…里取出
I come from the north.我是北方人。
He took a shaving mirror from his bag.他从手提包里拿出一面剃须镜。5.(表示分离)与…分离[隔开];减去;扣除
The wind blew his hat from his head.风将他的帽子从头上吹走了。
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Six from fifteen leaves nine.15减6等于9。6.(表示否定)免于;免遭
Wild fruit kept us from dying of starvation.我们靠着野果才没被饿死。7.(表示方位)从…;以…为开始方向
Latitudes are the lines that go from east to west.纬线是从东到西的线。8.(表示原因)因为, 出于
She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。9.(表示比较)与…相比;与…区分
She is different from her sister in character.她和她姐姐性格不同。He can tell a fake from the original.他能分辨出赝品和真品。
八、With 介词 prep.1.(表示关系)和…在一起
Would you like to go to the street with me?你愿和我一起上街吗? 2.(表示状态)具有, 带有
Many exhibits with characteristics of the Chinese art are on display.许多具有中国艺术特色的展品陈列出来。
3.(表示方式)用, 以, 藉
The room is cooled with air conditioner.这房间用空调降温。4.(表示对象)对…, 关于
She was always good with the unfortunate.她对不幸的人总是很友好。5.(表示伴随)与此同时, 随着
I always rise with the bell.我总是听到铃声就起床。6.(表示让步)虽然, 尽管
With all his abilities, he failed completely.尽管很能干, 他还是一败涂地了。7.(表示原因)由于, 因为
She flushed with delight.她高兴得脸上通红。8.(表示态度)支持, 赞同
Is he with us or against us?他赞成我们还是反对我们? 9.(表示态度)跟(…对抗)
We are struggling with backwardness.我们在和落后现象做斗争。10.与…对立;反对
11.包括;还有
12.与…方向一致;顺着 13.由…持有;由…负责
14.为…工作;受雇于;利用…的服务
15.虽然;尽管
16.在…旁边;在…附近;在…身边 17.在…之中;进入…之中 18.关于;就…而言
19.比较而言;与…相比较 20.同样;完全一样 21.同意的;和谐的
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22.支持;站在…一边
九、By 介词 prep.1.(表示位置)在…近旁;在身边;靠近
On a cold evening it is pleasant to sit by the fire.在寒冷的夜晚坐在炉火旁边很舒服。2.(表示时间)不迟于;在…时候
Be here by four o'clock.四点钟之前到这儿。She should be back by now.她现在应该回来了。3.(表示方向)从…中经过
They came in by the back door.他们是由后门进来的。
4.(表示方式)搭乘, 通过;抓住…;靠, 采取;就…而论;以…称呼方式;以…的名义;凭着
Are you to go there by bike or by bus?你骑车还是坐车去? You can order tickets by telephone.你可以用电话订票。He seized her by the arm.他抓住她的手臂。
Man does not live by bread alone.人不能单靠面包生存。
They decided to raise the money by subscription.他们决定采取募捐的办法来筹集这笔款项。By temperament he was an artist.从气质上看, 他是一位画家。
They always addressed each other by their Christian name.他们总是以教名互相称呼。By God he's done it!老天为证, 他确实做了此事。I did it all by myself!我完全是靠自己做此事的。
5.(表示原因)随…而来, 由于(置于不带 the 的名词前,表示原因)
The meeting will be held in the school hall, by permission of the headmaster.由于有校长的准许, 会议将在学校大厅举行。6.(表示方位)偏于
The steamer will go west by north.这艘轮船将向西偏北方向航行。7.(表示环境)借着…光亮
They were playing cards by electric light.他们正借着灯光打牌。8.(表示关涉)经过
I go by the house every day.我每天都要从这栋房子经过。9.(表示程度, 数量)以…之差
We lost the match by one goal.我们以一分之差输了比赛。10.(常置于表被动的动词后,表示使为者)
11.在…期间;处于某种状况
12.从…看;依;按照
13.(与 the 连用,表示时间或量度单位)
14.(表示速率)
15.(补充有关出生地、职业等的信息)
16.(起誓时用)以…的名义
17.(表示触及或抓住的人或物的部份)18.(用于乘除运算)
19.(表示尺寸时用)
十、for 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)在(某一特定时间);在…时节;持续达
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2.(表示方向)向, 朝, 开往
They made a rush for the exit.他们猛然冲向出口处。
3.(表示对象)替, 帮, 给, 为…做准备, 对, 对于, 对…来说, 在…一方
What can I do for you?我能帮你什么忙吗? Let me lift that heavy box for you.让我替你提那只重箱子。You had to be ready for any emergency.你得随时预防不测。
This inspired in them a love for learning.这使他们产生了学习的热情。Fortunately for him, he can swim.对他来说幸运的是, 他会游泳。He speaks too softly for her to hear.他讲话声音太轻, 她听不见。4.(表示原因)因为, 由于, 作为…的结果
I'm pretty angry with you for not telling me.由于你没有告诉我, 我对你很生气。5.(表示距离)延续达, 计有
I followed him for some distance.我跟着他走了一段路程。6.(表示结果)当做, 作为, 作为…的部分, 就…的条件而言
We can't accept that as a basis for a decision.我们不能同意以此为基础来做出决定。7.(表示目的)为了…, 适用于
The ship sent out a message for help.船只发出求救信号。She's the very person for the work.她最适合干这项工作。8.(表示态度)支持, 赞同, 想要
Are you for the plan or against it?你支持这计划还是反对它呢? 9.(表示比率)按…比例, 以…价格, 第…次
I bought this book for £3.我买这本书花了三英镑。
I met them for the second time last week.我上周第二次遇见他们。10.(表示对象、用途等)给,对,供 11.关于 12.代表
13.受雇于
14.支持;拥护 15.为得到;为获取 16.换取
17.就…而言
18.对(某人)来说(困难、必需、愉快等)
十一、AS 介词 prep.1.(表示时间)当还是…的时候
As a schoolboy, he showed every sign of genius.当他还是个小学生的时候, 就显示出了天资聪慧。
2.(表示方式)以…的身份, 以…资格, 作为;以…形式, 以作为;以…角色, 扮演…角色;如同, 像
3.(表示结果)成为, 看作, 看成
We had better treat it as a joke.我们最好把它当作玩笑。4.(表示目的)为了, 以…为目的
The dykes were built as a protection against the sea.建筑堤坝是为了防止海水泛滥。5.(表示举例)例如, 诸如…之类的
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We talked about such subjects as the weather.我们谈论了诸如天气之类的话题。
十二、than 介词 prep.1.与…相比
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第二篇:介词用法总结
介词“to”的用法总结
一:表示相对,针对
be strange(common, new, familiar, peculiar, distinct, sensitive, immune, vulnerable, indispensable)to Air is indispensable to life.Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.This injection will make you immune to infection 二:表示对比,比较
1:以-ior结尾的形容词,后接介词to表示比较,如:superior ,inferior,prior,senior,junior The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词,如equal,similar,equivalent,analogous A is similar to B in many ways.3:表示一些先后顺序的形容词,如:second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如: World is usually compared to a stage
Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than ,如: The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.Many people prefer spending money to earning money.They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.三:表示修饰关系
1:表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter 2:表示建筑构件的词汇,如: entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path the approach to a bridge引桥
the approach to science
Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.The access to education 接受教育的机会
The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利
4:表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager, ambassador to Spain, successor to tradition, heir to throne,deputy to the National People’s Congress advisor to the Prime Minister
5:表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission
The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.Everyone has an equal right to ……..6:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇, ,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress 7:表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.8:表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:
The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
9:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party,guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school
四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano, chance to the tune, stamp to the rhythm of the song, add salt to taste
五:表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to
He’s liable to seasickness.You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.六:表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:sick to,hold o,adhere to,cling to He still holds on to his original views.七:表示约束,局限,如:limit to,confine to,resrict to He’s confined to the house by illness.He confined his remarks to scientific mangement.八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性,如:get(be)to,used to,be accustomed to Finally,the students got used to my teaching method.十:表示起因和原由,如wing to,due to,thanks to,attribute to,come down to The flight was cancelled due to the thick fog.The famous artist attributed his success to his wife.十一:表示目的或结果,如:aim to,lead to,give rise to I aim to be an excellent college teacher.His conceit lead to his failure.These bad condition has given rise to a lot of crises 十二:表示命运,注定,如:be doomed to,be destined to,All military adventures by the two super powers are doomed to fail.十三:表示数量上的积累或增加,如:in addition to,add to,amount to
In addition to relief supplies,he also presented with some money.The annual output of steel amounts to 1200 tons.十四:表示全身心投入的含义,如:be addicted to,contribute to,devote to,commit to He is determined to devote all his life to his.十五:表示展望或是回顾,如:look forward to反date back to The church dates back to the 13th century.十六:表示方位概念.如:close to,next to I don’t like wool next to my skin.十七:表示依靠或借助,如:resort to,turn to,appeal to, He usually appeals to arms t o settle the territory dispute.十八:表示有关注,关于:as to,with regard to
十九:表示关注或重视,如:pay attention to,attach to,We should attach primary importance to job training.二十:表示依据或是根据,如:according to,in proportion to According to today’s newspaper,the match will be postponed.The lending countries subscribe towards capital stock in proportion to their economic importance.二十一:表示应该或必须含义的句式,如: It’s time to get up.We are supposed to get here at seven.It’s up to this country to ban nuclear weapons.二十二:表示相关联,相连接,如:be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to
Investigate all the facts related to the problem.People often linked walth to happiness.二十三:表示反对和赞同。
1:to引导的表示反对,抗拒,对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to
These buildings are resistant to earthquake.They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.2:to引导的表示同意,赞同意义的词组:consent to,subseribe to,The employer consented to give him a salary raise.表示调整,使符合,使适应的含义,如:adapt to,commodate to,adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to
She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.Your action should conform to the interests of the people.They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.His words doesn’t fit to his actions.Suit your writing style to the masses.3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数
Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.We’re not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.常用词组
respond to(反应),appeal to(吸引),catch on to(理解),listen to(收听),used to(过去常常),give birth to,attend to(照料),see to(负责),be entitl ed to(有权),belong to(属于),come to(苏醒),stand up to(勇敢面对),help oneself to(请自便),refer to,to the point(切题),Train them to stand up to any severe test in hard.The ticket entitled you to a free meal in the luxury hotel.See to it that the children get a hot meal after their swim.You will catch on to the job shortly after wards.People usually refer to television for up-to-the-minute news
第三篇:介词的用法经典总结
介词属虚词,不能单独使用,必须和名词、代词或动名词构成介词短语,在句中做表语、定语、状语、补语等成分:至少分为5类
时间:强调动作的延续性时候常用during,而强调动作,发生在段时间中的某一点时候常用in;in(从现在开始),after(从过去开始);
地点:小处at, 大处in;at表附近,in表里,in内 to外,若表接壤on在前;above, below任意点,over, under表垂直,on是一般要接触;over 还可表越过, 覆盖, 在„对面under还可以表示正在„之中;
through内部,cross表面,by表示的是旁边;
by和beside“在„旁边”一般可以相互替换;by还含有“倚、靠”等意near “在„附近” 距离上比by和beside稍远, 且两物体之间不接触off在(离岸边不远的)海面;与„相距;
原因:because 是从属连词它表示的语气最强,在回答why的问句时,必须用because as 是从属连词,说明一般的因果关系语气比because弱,说明比较明显的原因,since意为“由于,既然”,表示对方已知的无需加以说明的原因或事实,语气比because弱,但是比as 强。for是并列连词,用来附带解释或说明前面一句的情况,有时他它表示的理由是推测性的,它所引导的分句只能放在另一分句后;
工具:by后一般跟动名词或交通通讯工具的名词,through 后面常常是具体的人或物,有时也跟抽象名词;in +材料、语言、声音、现金等,with+具体的工具、身体器官等;
except for后接的词同句子中的整体词(主语)不是同类的,指从整体中除去一个细节,一个方面;except后接的词同整体词(主语)一般是同类,指在同类的整体中除去一个部分; With+东西”表示行为的主体通常是人把该物体当作工具来使用;by+东西”表示并非“人”而是该“东西”才是行为的主体;
属性:to表“依附”关系.(即:介词to前的事物是后面事物的补充部分,可以独立存在)of 表“所有”关系。(即: 介词of前的事物是后面事物不可分割的部分)for 表 “适合”关系.(即:介词for前的事物只适合后面这一特定事物);
by表示在原有的基础上增加或减少了to表示总数增加或减少到;
With表示属于人和物的显著特点;about表示附属于人或物不可捉摸的的特点; In表示附属与人或物的内部固有特点;
With用于构成“with+n(pron)+补语”复合结构,该结构主要做状语,表示方式,原因,条件等,也可做定语但必须后置;
第四篇:介词用法小结
介词用法
早、午、晚要用 in,at 黎明、午夜、点与分。
年、月、年月、季节、周,阳光、灯、影、衣、帽 in。将来时态 in...以后,小处 at 大处 in。有形 with 无形 by,语言、单位、材料 in。特征、方面与方式,心情成语惯用 in。
介词 at 和 to 表方向,攻击、位置、恶、善分。
早、午、晚要用 in
例:in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 in the day 在白天
at 黎明、午、夜、点与分
例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候 at noon 在中午 at night 在夜间 at midnight 在午夜
以上短语都不用冠词
at six o'clock 在6点钟
at 7:30(seven thirty)在7点半 at half past eleven 在11点半 at nine fifteen 在9点15 分
at ten thirty a.m.在上午10点30分也可以写成 seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)five minutes after two 2点过5分 at a quarter to two 1点45分 at the weekend 在周末
年、月、年月、季节、周
即在“某年”,在“某月”,在“某年某月”(但在某年某月某日则用 on),在四季,在第几周等都要用 in。例:
in 1986 在1986 年 in 1927 在1927 年 in April 在四月 in March 在三月
in December, 1986 1986年12月 in July, l983 1983年7月
in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季 in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在冬季
in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周 in the third week 在第三周
阳光、灯、影、衣、冒 in,即在阳光下,在灯下,在树阴下,穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用 in。
例:Don't read in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。
They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。
They are sitting in the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下乘凉。a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯
He went in the rain to meet me at the station.他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor dressed(clothed)in rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛。
以及:in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下 a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人
the woman in white(black, red, yellow)穿着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女 in uniform 穿着制服 in mourning 穿着丧服
in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋 in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫
将来时态 in „ 以后
例: They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来。I'll come round in a day or two.我一两天就回来。We'll be back in no time.我们一会儿就回来。
Come and see me in two days' time.两天后来看我。(从现在开始)After „(从过去开始)
小处 at 大处 in
例:Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well.Don't worry.李和我平安地到达黑山县,一切很好,勿念。
I live in a great city(big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.我住在大城市,我姐姐住在一个小城镇,而我的父母则住在农村。I'm in Liaoning, at Anshan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市.
有形 with 无形 by,语言、单位、材料 in
例:The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)“Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy”is a good opera.<<智取威虎山>>是—出好戏。(无形)The product is separated by distillation into gasoline and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸馏分离出汽油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法——无形)
I really can't express my idea in English freely in-deed. 我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用 in)
I wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)
The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system. 公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用 in)
The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)
This board was cast in bronze not in gold.这个牌匾是铜铸的,不是金铸的。
特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用 in
特征或状态:
例: The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。They found the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。
He has not been in good health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来,却满怀希望而去。
The house was in ruins.这房屋成了废墟。
The poor girl was in tears.这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags.她的衣服穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。
She spoke in grief rather than in anger.与其说她讲得很气愤,不如说她讲得很伤心。还有一些短语也用 in,如: in jest 诙谐地,in joke 开玩笑地,in spite 恶意地,in fairness 公正地,in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大,in sorrow 伤心地等。
His mind was in great confusion.他脑子里很乱。
Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈,没有一个情绪低落的。
She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同学都正值妙龄。The campaign was in full swing.运动正值高潮中。
方面:
例:We accepted the item in principle.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。They are never backward in giving their views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。
The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。
A good teacher must be an example in study.一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。
方式:
例:All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.所有报告都用速记记录下来了。
The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。
如下成语惯用 in 例:in all 总计 in advance 事前
in the meantime 与此同时 in place 适当地
in hopes of(或 in the hope of)怀着„„希望 in connection with 和„„有关 in contact with 和„„联系 in addition to 除„„以外 in case of 倘若,万一
in conflict with 和„„冲突 in force 有效的,大批 in depth 彻底地 in regard to 关于
in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近in retrospect 回顾,一想起 in behalf of 代表„„利益 in the least 一点,丝毫 in alarm 惊慌、担心
in the opinion of 据„„见解 in the long run 从长远说来 in one's opinion 在„„看来 in word 口头上 in a word 总之
in vain 无益地, 白白地 in case 如果,万一,以防 in detail 详细地 in haste 急急忙忙地 in conclusion 总之 in spite of 尽管
in other words „ 换句话说 in return 作为回报
in the name of 以„„名义 be confident in 对„„有信心 be interested in 对„„感兴趣 in doubt 怀疑 in love 恋爱中 in debt 负债
in fun(jest、joke)玩笑地 in hesitation 犹豫不决 in wonder 在惊奇中
in public(secret)公开他(秘密地)in a good humour 心情(情绪)好
“介词 at、to 表方向,攻击、位置、善、恶、分”
介词 at 和 to 都可以表示方向;用 at 表示方向时,侧重于攻击的目标,往往表示恶意;用to 表示方向时,突出运动的位置或动作的对象,侧重表示善意。
试比较下列各句:
1.A.She came at me.她向我扑过来。B.She came to me.她向我走过来。
2.A.Jake ran at John.杰克向约翰扑过去。B.Jake ran to John.杰克朝约翰跑去。
3.A.He rushed at the woman with a sword.他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。B.He rushed to the woman with a sword.他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。
4.A.He shouted at the old man.他大声喝斥那老人。B.He shouted to the old man.他大声向那老人说。
5.A.I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我听见她在抱怨小李。B.I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我听见她在同小李低声说话。
6.A.She talked at you just now.她刚才还说你坏话呢。B.She talked to you just now.她刚才还同你谈话呢.7.A.She threw a bone at the dog.她用一块骨头砸狗。B.She threw a bone to the dog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。
8.A.He presented a pistol at me.他用手枪对着我。B.He presented a pistol to me.他赠送我一支手枪。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早、午、晚,收音、农场、值日 on,关于、基础、靠、著论。
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付、相反,准。特定时日和“一„„就”,on 后常接动名词。
年、月、日加早、午、晚,of 之前 on 代 in。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on,cab,carriage 则用 in。at 山脚、门口、在当前,速、温、日落、价、核心。工具、和、同随 with,具有、独立、就、原因。就„„来说宾译主,对、有、方状、表细分。
海、陆、空、车、偶、被 by,单数、人类 know to man。
this、that、tomorrow,yesterday,next、last、one。接年、月、季、星期、周,介词省略已习惯。over、under 正上下,above、below 则不然,若与数量词连用,混合使用亦无关。
beyond 超出、无、不能,against 靠着,对与反。besides,except 分内外,among 之内 along 沿。同类比较 except,加 for 异类记心间。
原状 because of, owing to,due to 表语形容词。
Under 后接修、建中,of,from 物、化分。Before,after 表一点, ago,later 表一段。before 能接完成时,ago 过去极有限。
since 以来 during 间,since 时态多变换。
与之相比 beside,除了 last but one。
复不定 for、找、价、原,对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。快到、对、向 towards,工、学、军、城、北、上、南。but for 否定用虚拟,复合介词待后言。
ing 型由于鉴,除了除外与包合。
之后、关于、在„„方面,有关介词须记全。in 内 to 外表位置,山、水、国界 to 在前。
英语中的介词搭配比较复杂,是初学英语的难点。本文讲时态的使用制成口诀,可以帮助大家更快的掌握介词的使用方法。如大体掌握如上介词用法口诀,就不易出错。后面会有文章对口诀的使用做专门解释。
日子、日期、年月日,星期加上早午晚;以下皆用 on。
例: on October the first 1949 1949年10月1日 on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日 on May the first 5月1日 on the first 1号
on the sixteenth 16号
on the second of January 或 on January the second 1月2日 on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚 on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)on New Year's Day 在元旦 on my birthday 在我的生日
但 in the Christmas holidays 在圣诞节假期;in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪;in ancient times 在古代;in earlier times 在早期;in modern times 在现代,则用 in,at the present time 现在,at the present day 当今 则用 at。
on May Day 在“五·一”节 on winter day 在冬天
on December 12th 1950 1950年12月12日 on Sunday 在星期天 on Monday 在星期一
on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨 on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午 on Friday evening 星期五晚上
但 last night 昨夜;in the evening 在晚上;on time 准时,in time 及时,等则不同。
年月日,加早午晚,of 之前 on 代 in
例:on the morning of 18th 18日早晨 on the evening of 4th 4日晚上
On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech.他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会,他们的团长发表了告别讲话。
收音、农场,值日 on
例:Did your supervisor like the story over(or on)the radio last night? 您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗? I heard the news over(or on)the radio.我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。talk over the radio 由无线电播音
on TV 从电视里„„
hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到
My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。The students are working on a school farm.学生们正在校办农场劳动。This is a farmer's house on a farm.这是农场的农舍。Who is on duty, today? 今天谁值日? We go on duty at 8 a.m.我们上午8点钟上班。
关于、基础、靠、著论
例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。
Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America.申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。
You are wrong on all these issues.在这些问题上你的看法都错了。
The belief is based on practical experience.这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。
Theory must be based on practice.理论必须以实践为基础。The people in the south live on rice.南方人主食大米。(靠)The citizens live on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。
You can't afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month. 靠月薪100 元的收入,你是买不起奢侈品的。
Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food. 她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people.他正是一个小偷,专靠损害别人过日子。
Keep the kettle on the boil(=boiling).让水壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run(=running).敌人在逃跑。
On 后接 the 加上一个作名词的动词.其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如:
on the march 在行军中,on the mend 在好转中,on the prowl 徘徊,on the move 活动中,on the scrounge 巧取豪夺(俚语),on the go 活跃,忙碌,on the lookout 注意, 警戒,on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓住某人等等。
on the People's Democratic Dictatorship 《实践论》和《矛盾论》 on the People's Democratic Dictatorship 《论人民民主专政》 “on Coalition Government”《论联合政府》
着、罢、出售、偷、公、假,故意、支付,相反、准
注:口诀中的“着”是指着火,“罢”指罢工,“偷”指偷偷地,“公”指出差、办公事;“假”指休假,“准”指准时。
例:The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。
The workers of the railway station were on strike.铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。
Do something on the sly(quiet).秘密地(暗地里,偷偷地)做某事。I've come here on business.我是有公事来的。
They went to Bern on a mission.他们到伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They have been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。I'll go home on leave next month.下月我将休假回家。
I went on business to Shanghai.I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的,不是不告而别。
She came to see you on purpose.她是专程来看你的。
He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。
“This lunch is on me.”“这顿午饭我付钱。” “No.let's go Dutch.”“不,还是各付各的。”
On the contrary, it was very easy to understand.相反,这事儿很容易理解。
P1ease come on time.(on schedule).请准时来。注:in time 是“及时”的意思。
The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。特定时间和“一„„就”,左右 on 后动名词
例:Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀,冷却时收缩。(特定时间)On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits.一进屋,他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。
On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang.一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。I'll write to him on hearing from you.我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一„„就)以及 on the left, right 向左向右,on the stair 在台阶上等
第五篇:日语介词用法
单击に:A表地点:北京に帰【かえ】る,回到北京
B表时间:3月10日に中国へ行【い】く
这两个翻译都是:在…………
C:表对象:父【ちち】に手纸【てがみ】を出【だ】す:给父亲写信
へ:这个很容易,因为它有强烈方向性,向某个方向XXXX,梦【ゆめ】へ飞【と】ぶ:向梦想飞翔。
で:A表地点,也是在的意思,但比に的范围大,例如在海里,是海【うみ】で
B表材料,手段,方法,ペンで书【か】く,用笔写
C:表原因:病気【びょうき】で休【やす】む,因病休息
を:A表宾语:吃饭,ご饭をたべる
B表示经过的轨迹or空间:空【そら】を飞【と】ぶ,这时就不用に了,当然你用に日本人也看得懂,相对而言を比较地道,因为に有固定某点之意,但你在天空飞是飞来飞去的,是一种痕迹运动……
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