初中毕业班英语基本知识点单选易错题2014.5.03

第一篇：初中毕业班英语基本知识点单选易错题2014.5.03

初中毕业班英语基本知识点（英语单项选择易错题）

一、名词、冠词

1.–— What can I do for you?

—— I’d like two _______.A.box of appleB.boxes of applesC.box of applesD.boxes of apple

.(选择其它三项的同学要注意仔细看题.不要马虎, 这里box 和apple都是可数名词)答案: B

2.Help yourself to _________.A.some chickensB.a chickenC.some chickenD.any chicken

(选择A的同学要注意chicken当鸡肉讲时不可数)答案: C

3..________ it is today!

A.What fine weatherB.What a fine weatherC.How a fine weatherD.How fine a weather

(选择B的要注意weather不可数.选择C和D的同学要注意weather是名词, 要用what来感叹.)答案A

4.Which is the way to the __________?

A.shoe factoryB.shoes factoryC.shoe’s factoryD.shoes’ factory(选择D的同学注意这里不是指名词所有格, 而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如: pencil box;school bag等.)答案: A.5.This class ________ now.Miss Gao teaches them.A.are studyingB.is studyingC.be studyingD.studying(选择B的同学要注意, 当这种概念名词当 “人”讲的时候要做复数处理.类似的还有: the police are running after the thief.Good morning, class!等)答案: A.6.We will have a _________ holiday after the exam.A.two monthB.two-monthC.two month’sD.two-months

(选择C的同学要注意应用two months’;选择D的同学要注意名词之间有 “— “ 后的组合词当作形容词来用, 因此就不用所有格形式了.如: a five-year-old boy)答案: B

7.________ trees are cut down in the forests every year.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.Thousand ofD.Thousands of(选C的注意词组记忆的准确性)答案: D.8.Our sports meeting will be held ________.(注意星期和日期的表达次序及介词的选择)

A.on 24, Tuesday, AprilB.in April 24, TuesdayC.on Tuesday, April 24D.in April Tuesday 24(选B的同学是受到中文的影响,要特别注意中英文的差异)答案: C.9_________ people here are very friendly to us.A.TheB./C.AD.An

(选择B的同学要注意这里的people是特指这里的, 因此要用定冠词the)答案: A.10..There is no enough ________ in the corner to put the table.A.placeB.roomC.floorD.ground

(根据句意知道，这里表示没有地方放桌子。选A的同学要注意place表示地点，是可数名词)答案：B

二、代词

11.Some people like to stay at home, but ________ like to go to the cinema.A.anotherB.otherC.othersD.other one.(选择B的同学要牢记: some„., others„.)答案: C

12.--Is this your shoe?

--Yes, but where is _________?

A.the other oneB.other oneC.another oneD.the others

(选择C的同学要注意鞋是两只, another指的是三者或者三者以上)答案: A.13.– When shall we meet again next week?

--_______ day is possible.It’s no problem with me.A.EitherB.NeitherC.EveryD.Any

(选择C的同学要注意every指的是每一天都见面, any指的是任何一天都可以.注意中文的干扰)答案: D.14.Have you ever seen ________ big panda before?

A.a suchB.such aC.so aD.a so(注意:such与a / an 连用时,such要放在前面)答案: B

15.--_______ do you write to your parents?

--Once a month.A.How longB.How soonC.How oftenD.How far

(同学要准确记忆这几个短语的中文意义.)答案: C.16.Robert has gone to _________ city and he’ll be back in a week.A.otherB.the otherC.anotherD.any other

(同学要准确记忆这几个短语的中文意义.)答案：C

17.– A latest magazine, please.--Only one left.Would you like to have ________?

A.itB.oneC.thisD.that

(选择B的同学要注意这里指的是上一句中提到的那本杂志，不能用表示泛指的不定代词one)答案：A

18.– Which book would you like to borrow?

--________ of the two books is OK with me.A.EitherB.BothC.AnyD.None(准确记忆这几个短语的中文意义并注意is 表示单数.)答案：A

19.He knows _________ English ________ French.But he’s very good at Japanese.A.either;orB.both;andC.neither;norD.either;nor(选择A和B的同学要注意语境.)答案：C

20.– What do your parents do?

--One is a teacher;_________ is a driver.A.otherB.anotherC.the otherD.that one

(选择其它三个选项的同学要注意, one is „, the other is „的用法)答案: C

21.Mrs.Lee teaches ________ math.We all like her.A.weB.usC.ourD.ours

(选择C的同学要注意, teach +人+科目, 而不能用teach +某人的+ 科目)答案: B

22.There are many trees on ________ side of the street.A.eitherB.anyC.allD.both

(选择D的同学要注意side为单数。选择B的同学要注意：街道只有两边，因此不能用any)答案：A

23.________ is the population of the city?

A.How manyB.WhatC.How many peopleD.How much

(在问到人口是多少时，其实是在说“人口数是什么”，因此不能用A，要注意排除中文的干扰。)答案：B

三、介词、连词

24.Japan is ________ the east of China.A.inB.toC.onD.at(in 表示在范围里的, on表示紧挨着的;to 表示在范围以外的)答案: B

25.The postman shouted, “ Mr Green, here is a letter ________ you.”

A.toB.fromC.forD.of

(选择A的同学要注意to 表示动作的方向, for表示有从属关系或者利益关系)答案: C

26.We can’t do it ________ your help.A.withB.OfC.underD.without

.(选择C的同学要注意中文的干扰, 借助某人的帮助要用with,反之用without)答案: D

27.He hasn’t heard from his friend __________ last month.A.sinceB.by the end ofC.forD.until(选择B的同学要注意B选项为过去完成时的时间;选择C的同学要注意, for+时间段;选择D的同学要注意不是not„until 句型.until + 句子)答案: A

28.I didn’t buy the dictionary yesterday _________ my aunt would give me one.A.untilB.becauseC.ifD.before(选择A的同学要注意语境)答案: B

29.I’m going to look for another job ________ the company offers me more money.A.afterB.unlessC.whenD.for

(选择其它三项的同学要注意语境, 这里是指除非公司给我更多工资,否则我就要找其它工作.)答案: B

30.Don’t hurry.The bus won’t start ________ everybody gets on.A.sinceB.asC.untilD.when(选择D的同学要注意前面是否定.)答案: C

31.Please show me _________ to send an e-mail, John.It’s the first time for me to do it.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where

(选择C的同学要注意认真看题，这里的time不是时间，而是指第一次)答案：A

32.You’ve passed the exam.I’m happy ______ you.A.onB.atC.inD.for(选择A的同学要注意记忆词组的准确性.)答案：D

33.I wonder ________ they finished so many different jobs in such a short time.A.whyB.howC.whenD.where

(选择A的同学要注意语境，这里指他们怎么能在如此短的时间里完成如此多的困难的工作.)答案：B

34.--Do you speak English?

--Yes, I speak _________ a little English _______ some French.A.neither, notB.both, orC.either, orD.not only, but also(选择C的同学要注意语境.)答案：D

35.______ the maths problem is difficult, I’ll try very hard to work it out.A.ThoughB.WhenC.BeforeD.After(选择B的同学要注意语境.不能说当题目难的时候，我将努力.而是说尽管题目难，但我将努力解决.)答案：A

36.The accident took place ________ a cold February evening.A.onB.inC.atD.for(选B的要注意，在特指的早上、下午、晚上，不用in要用on)答案：A

37.He turned ________ the radio because his father was asleep.A.onB.downC.upD.over

(根据语境：他爸爸睡着了，因此不能用A-打开，也不能用C-调大.D表示反过来)答案：B

38.I don’t know the homework _______ today.A.onB.inC.ofD.for(选择C的同学要注意of表示从属关系，要注意中文的干扰.)答案：D

39.– Oh, it’s raining heavily.--Please don’t leave ________ it stops.A.whenB.afterC.sinceD.until

(选择其它选项的同学要注意读懂句子, 只有把语境搞清楚才能答对问题.)答案: D

40.Jane said she would come here ________ 9:00 and 9:30 tomorrow morning.A.fromB.atC.betweenD.around

(选择B的同学没有把体看完整;选择A的同学没有注意到from„to„的搭配.)答案: C

四、动词

41.My father went to Shanghai yesterday.He ______ back in two weeks.A.comesB.has comeC.will comeD.came

(选择D的同学要注意in +时间段, 表示在未来的一段时间,应用将来时)答案: C

42..It’s spring now.The students ________ trees these weeks.A.plantB.are plantingC.will plantD.planted

(选择A的同学要注意 these weeks 并不表示经常做某事,而是强调这几个星期同学们一直在种树.)答案: B

43..--__________ you ________ your book to the library?

--Yes.I returned it yesterday.A.Did, returnB.Have, returnedC.Will, returnD.Do, return(选择A的同学过分注意回答用了一般过去时, 但在上一句中, 并没有给出过去的时间,强调你现在是否还书了, 应用现在完成时.)答案: B

44.– Must I finish it now?

--No, you ________.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t

(选择A的同学要注意mustn’t意思指不允许, needn’t指的是不必要.)答案: B

45..Though it’s cloudy now, it _________ get sunny later.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need

(选C的同学要注意语境, 这里强调过些时候也许会晴天, 表示推测性.)答案: B

46.It is in the library, you _______ talk loudly.A.may notB.can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t(选择B的要注意中文的干扰.can’t表示不能够。)答案: D

47..If anyone wants to say something in class, you ________ put up your hands first.A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.can

(选其他三个选项的同学要注意语境，anyone暗示出语气。表明是一个规定，而不是建议。)答案: A

48.– I called you last night but no one answered the phone.--I ________ dinner with my friends in the restaurant.A.haveB.hadC.was havingD.have had

(选择B和D的同学要注意分析语境.这里指我当时正在和朋友在饭馆吃饭.)答案：C

49..If you have lost a library book, you have to _________ it.A.find outB.look afterC.pay forD.take care(选择A的同学要注意语境)答案：C

50..He will call me as soon as he _________ the city.A.reachesB.reachedC.will reachD.is reaching(选择B的同学要注意主将从先)答案：A

51.The pen _________ him ten yuan.A.paidB.costC.tookD.spent(选择C的同学要注意took通常用在时间上；选择A和D的同学要注意，这里的主语是物品，因此不能用paid 和spent)答案：B

52..The train _________ for twenty minutes.A.leftB.has leftC.is leavingD.has been away

(选择B的同学要注意，当用完成时表示持续动作时，要选择可持续动词，不要用瞬间动词.)答案：D

53..– How many books _____ they ________?

--Five.But they haven’t finished reading even one.A.did„borrowB.had„borrowedC.will„borrowD.do„borrow

(选择B的同学要注意，这里只是问过去发生的一件事，并不是过去时间之前发生的.)答案：A

54.He _________ his bike so he has to walk there.A.lostB.has lostC.had lostD.loses

(选择A的同学注意句子并没出现两个时间点，因此要注意时态的前后一致.)答案：B

55.– Why did the policeman stop us?

--He told us not _______ so fast in this street.A.driveB.drivingC.to driveD.drove(这里考查的是tell sb.not to do sth.)答案：C

五、形容词、副词

56.The population of the world in 20th century became very much _________ than that in 19th.A.biggerB.largerC.greaterD.more

.(选择其它三项的同学要注意population的固定搭配是large)答案: B

57.Miss Li is one of _______ in our school.A.a popular teacherB.more popular teacherC.most popular teacherD.the most popular teachers.(选择其它三项的同学要注意one of + 复数的用法.)答案:D

58.The magazines are ________ easy that the children can read them well.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very

(选择A的同学要注意easy是形容词，要用so„that, 而不用such„that)答案: B

59.– Would you like ________ more tea?

--Thank you.I’ve had ________.A.any, muchB.some, enoughC.some, muchD.any, enough

(选择B的同学要注意enough是形容词，不能说had enough)答案：C

60.I think basketball is _______.I like to watch it.A.boringB.boredC.excitingD.excited

(选择D的同学要注意basketball本身很令人激动，excited表示被什么所感染而激动。)答案：C

61.This dinner looks _______ to me, and I like it.A.terribleB.goodC.badlyD.nicely

(选择D的同学要注意look在这里是系动词，后面要加形容词。)答案：B

62.The math problem is so hard that ________ students can work it out.A.a fewB.a littleC.manyD.few

(选择A、C的同学要注意语境，这里指没有什么学生能做出来。)答案：D

63.– What’s the weather like tomorrow?

--The radio says it is going to be even ______.A.badB.worstC.badlyD.worse(选择A的同学要注意，even＋比较级)答案：D

64.Though she talks ______, she has made ________ friends here.A.a little, a fewB.little, fewC.little, a fewD.few, a few

(选择A的同学要注意语境，这里指虽然她不怎么说话，但她有一些朋友.)答案：C

65.He never does his work _______ Mary.A.as careful asB.so careful asC.as carefully asD.carefully as

(选择A和B的同学要注意work 是行为动词，要用副词来修饰.)答案：C

六、句法

66..If it ________ tomorrow we’ll go to the park.A.will not rainB.doesn’t rainC.is not rainingD.didn’t rain

(选择A的同学要注意if引导的条件状语从句主句用将来时, 从句用一般现在时.)答案: B

67.The radio says the snow ______ late in the day.A.stopsB.will stopC.has stoppedD.stopped

.(选择A的同学要注意语境, late in the day表示 “晚些时候”, 要用将来时)答案: B

68.The nurse told the children the sun ______ in the east.A.risesB.RoseC.will riseD.has risen

(选B的要注意, 虽然主句中用了told, 但太阳从东方升起是真理性事实, 应用一般现在时表示.)答案: A

69.– Are you sure you have to? It’s been very late.--I don’t know ______ I can do it if not now.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.how

(选择D的同学要注意语境, 根据语境知道这里强调的是必须先在做,否则就没有时间了)答案: C

70.-Could you tell me _______ she is looking for?

--Her cousin, Susan.A.thatB.whoseC.whomD.which

(选择其它三项的同学要注意语境,这里是指找Susan这个人)答案: C

71.– When are the Shutes leaving for New York?

--Pardon?

--I asked ___________.A.when are the Shutes leaving for New YorkB.when the Shutes are leaving for New York

C.when were the Shutes leaving for New YorkD.when the Shutes were leaving for New York(选择B的同学注意到了宾语从句的语序,但同时要注意时态要用相应的过去时.)答案: D

72.Would you please tell me ________ next, Mr Wang?

A.what should we doB.we should do whatC.what we should doD.should do what

(选择A的同学要注意宾语从句的语序为陈述语序.)答案: C

73.Mr.King didn’t know _______ yesterday evening.A.when does his son come backB.when his son comes back

C.when did his son come homeD.when his son came home

(选择C的同学要注意考虑宾语从句的陈述语序)答案: D

74.Alice has gone to the classroom and she didn’t say ________.A.when did she come backB when would she be back

C.when she came backD.when she would be back

(选择C的同学要注意语境，这里要用过去将来时.)答案：D

75..– I’m sorry I broke your coffee cup.--Oh, really? _________.A.It doesn’t matterB.I don’t knowC.it’s OK with meD.You’re welcome

(选择C和D的同学要注意中文的干扰.D是用来回答别人的致谢的.)答案：A

76.– Would you mind calling me back tomorrow again?

--_________.A.Not at allB.You’re welcomeC.You’re rightD.Nice to meet you(同62题)答案：A

77.He hardly had anything to eat, ________ he?

A.didn’tB.hadn’tC.hadD.did

(选择A的同学要注意hardly表示否定；选择B和C的同学要注意，反意疑问句要用助动词.)答案：D

第二篇：2014高考单选易错题

1.I think Mrs.Stark could be _____ between 50 and 60 years of age.A.anywhereB., anybodyC.anyhowD.anything

2.what did you do last weekend?

A.muchB.elseC.everD.yet

3.Raymond’s parents wanted him to have _____ possible education.A.goodB.betterC.bestD.the best

4._____ I have a word with you? It won’t take long.A.CanB.MustC.ShallD.Should

5.---Is Anne coming tomorrow?

---______.If she were to come, she should have called me.A.Go aheadB.CertainlyC.That’s rightD.I don’t think so

6.Top graduates from universities are _____ by major companies.A.chasedB.registeredC.offeredD.compensated

7.She was put under house arrest two years ago but remained a powerful ______ in last year’s election.A.symbolB.portraitC.identityD.status

8.The idea “happiness”, ______ , will not sit still for easy definition.A.to be rigidB.to be sureC.to be perfectD.to be fair

9.–Dad, I don/t think Oliver the right sort of person for the job.---I see.I’ll go right away and _______.A.pay him backB.pay him offC.put him awayD.put him off

10.I can’t meet you on Sunday.I’ll be _____ occupied.A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could

11.Legend has it that the origin of the Dragon Boat Festival is to _______ the soul of Qu Yuan.A.rememberB.remindC.recoverD.recall

12.Good families are much to all their members, but _____ to none.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing

13.As a grassroots singer, she reads everything she can ____ concerning music, and takes every opportunity to improve herself.A.catch sight ofB.get hold ofC.take charge ofD.make mention of

14.----I can’t remember those grammar rules!

-----.practice more.A.You’re not aloneB.It’s hard to sayC.I’m afraid notD.It’s up to you

15.People are recycling many things which they _____ away in the past.A.had thrownB.will be throwingC.were throwingD.would have thrown

16.It’s our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and, _____, supply more jobs,A.howeverB.anywhereC.thereforeD.otherwise

17.When Richard said, “You are much more agreeable and prettier now,” Joan’s face turned red at the unexpected ______.A.commandB.comparisonC.complimentD.contribution

18.Ralph W.Emerson would always ______ new ideas that occurred to him.A.set offB.set aboutC.set upD.set down

19.The producer comes regularly to collect the cameras _____to our shop for quality problems.A.returningB.returnedC.to returnD.to be returned

20.James has just arrived, but I didn’t know he ___ until yesterday.A.will comeB.was comingC.has comeD.came

21.Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi ______the bus had dropped her.A.untilB.whenC.althoughD.where

第三篇：2010-2013高考单选易错题集

2010-2013高考单选易错题集

1.I got to the office earlier that day, ________ the 7:30 train from Paddington.A.caughtB.to have caughtC.to catchD.having caught

2.Police have found________ appears to be the lost ancient statue.A.whichB.whereC.howD.what

3.The sunlight is white and blinding, ________ hard-edged shadows on the ground.A.throwingB.being thrownC to throwD.to be thrown

4.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police________.A not to doB.not toC.not doD.do not

5.Finally he reached a lonely island______ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.whichD.whom

6.Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and _______ to ruins, the city took on a new look.A.reducingB.reducedC.being reducedD.having reduced

7.In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ______ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.A.whateverB.whoeverC.whereverD.whichever

8._______ basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A.KnownB.Having knownC.KnowingD.Being known

9.The Smiths are praised _______ the way they bring up the children.A.fromB.byC.atD.for

10.The water supply has been cut off because the workers ______ one of the main pipes.A.had repairedB.have repairedC.repairedD.are repairing

11.I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ______ help I would never have got this far.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.which

12.To her joy, Della earned the trust of her students and then ______ of her colleagues.A.thatB.oneC.thoseD.ones

13.Time, ______ correctly, is money in the bank.A.to useB.usedC.usingD.use

14.“The moment ______ soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously.A.cameB.has comeC.was comingD.is coming

15.The lecture, ______ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon

with telescopes.A.startingB.startedC.to startD.being started

16.Let those in need ______ that we will go all out to help them.(2013陕西)

A.to understandB.understandC.understandingD.understood

17.I ______ to my cousin’s birthday party last night, but I was not available.(2013安徽)

A.wentB.had goneC.would goD.would have gone

18.A Midsummer Night’s Dream ______ at the Theater Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.A.opensB.is openedC.will openD.will be opened

19.The engine just won’t start.Something seems ______ wrong with it.A.to goB.to have goneC.goingD.having gone

20.--Forgotten something? I can keep an eye on your kids if you want to go and get it.--_______ Thank you all the same.A.It’s very kind of you.B.Oh, how careless of me!

C.I might as well go and get it.D.Well, I can do without it.21.--Why are your eyes so red? You____ have slept well last night.--Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t

22.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _____ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

23.It is by no means clear______ the president can do to end the strike.A.howB.whichC.thatD.what

24.I don’t believe we’ve met before, _____ I must say you do look familiar.A.thereforeB.althoughC.sinceD.unless

25.“Life is like walking in the snow”, Granny used to say, “because every step ____”.A.has shownB.is showingC.showsD.showed

26.Maria has written two novels, both of _______ have been made into TV series.A.themB.thatC.whichD.what

27.--Sorry I’m late.I got stuck in the traffic.--_____.You’re here now.Come in and sit down.A.You are welcomeB.That’s rightC.I have no ideaD.Never mind

28.After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, ____ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what

29._____ an important decision more on emotion than on reason, one will regret it sooner or later.A.BasedB.BasingC.BaseD.To base

30.The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he _____.A.has startedB.startsC.startedD.will start

31.--Happy birthday!

--Thank you!This is the best present I _____ for.A.should have wishedB.must have wished

C.may have wishedD.could have wished

32.We _______ very early so we packed the night before.A.leaveB.had leftC.were leavingD.have left

33.Had they known what was coming next, they _________ second thoughts.A.may haveB.could haveC.must have hadD.could have had

34.At our factory there are a few machines similar to _________described in this magazine.A.onesB.thoseC.themD.them

35.The development of industry has been _____gradual process throughout ________ human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.A./;theB.the;aC.a;/D.a;a

36.--I love the Internet.I’ve come to know many friends on the Net.--__________.Few of them would become your real friends.A.That’s for sure.B.It’s not the case.C.I couldn’t agree more.D.I’m pleased to know that.37.The three of us________ around Europe for about a month last summer.A.travelledB.have travelledC.had travelledD.travel

38.Sam has been appointed______ manager of the engineering department to take _____place of George.A./, /B.the, /C.the, theD./, the

39.Food supplies in the flood-stricken area _______.We must act immediately before there is none left.A.have run outB.are running outC.have been run outD.are being run out

40.---Coach, can I continue with the training?

---Sorry, you can’t ______ you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.A.untilB.beforeC.asD.unless

41.----Look, here comes your dream girl.Invite her to dance.----_______ What if she refuses me?

A． I don’t know.B.Why me?C.With pleasure.D.So what?

42.The shocking news made me realize _____ terrible problems we would face.A.whatB.howC.thatD.why

43.Try _____ she might, Sue couldn’t get the door open.A.ifB.whenC.sinceD.as

44.I wasn’t sure if he was really interested or if he _____ polite.A.was just beingB.will just beC.had just beenD.would just be

45.Tom _____ in the library every night over the last three months.A.worksB.workedC.has been workingD.had been working

46.Sit down.Emma.You will only make yourself more worried, _____ on your feet.A.to keepB.keepingC.having keptD.to have kept

47.At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.A.whileB.althoughC.soD.as

48.I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese, and I said “Ni Hao,” just as I ______do in China.A.mustB.mightC.canD.should

49.When he took his gloves off, I noticed that _____ one had his name written inside.A.eachB.everyC.otherD.another

50.Have you sent thank-you notes to the relatives from _____ you received gifts.A.whichB.themC.thatD.whom

51.---I hear that Jason is planning to buy a car.---I know.By next month, he ______ enough for a used one.A.will have savedB.will be savingC.has savedD.saves

52.She was surprised to find the fridge empty;the children ________ everything.A.had been eating B.had eaten C.have been eatenD.have been eating

53.Experts think that _______ recently discovered painting may be _______ Picasso.A.the;/ B.a;the C.a;/D.the;a

54.Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _________ for words.A.lose B.lost C.to loseD.having lost

55.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _______ into small pieces.A.break B.breaking C.brokenD.to break

56.______ an important role in a new movie, Andy has got a chance to become famous.A． OfferB.OfferingC.OfferedD.To offer

57.Dr.Peter Spence, ______ headmaster of the school, told us, “ _______ fifth of pupils here go on to study at Oxford and Cambridge”

A./;AB./;TheC.the;TheD.a;A

58.–What a mistake!

--Yes.I ______ his doing it another way,but without success.A.was suggestingB.will suggestC.would suggestD.had suggested

59.Up to now, the program _______ thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A.would saveB.savesC.had savedD.has saved

60.Joseph _____ to evening classes since last month, but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.A.has been goingB.wentC.goesD.has gone

61.Alexander tried to get his work_______ in the medical circles.A.to recognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized

62.The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ______ little foreign ownership.(北京 09)

A.byB.ofC.withD.from

63.–Do you think George has passed the driving text?(福建 13)--No.If so, he _______ his car to our college yesterday.A.would driveB.droveC.would have drivenD.had driven

64.He wrote a letter _______ he explained what had happened in the accident.(江西 13)

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

65.No one _______be more generous;he has a heart of gold.(天津 13)

A.couldB.mustC.dareD.need

66.Every day ______ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.(湖南13)

A.readB.readingC.to readD.reads

【参考答案】

DDABCCCCDDBABDABDABD ADDBCCDBBCDCDBCBADBCAADACBABADABDBDCADDADCCCAA

第四篇：初中物理易错题-热学（本站推荐）

初中物理易错题－热学

一、物理概念（物理量）：比热（C）、热量（Q）、燃烧值（q）、内能、温度（t）。

二、实验仪器：温度计、体温计。

三、物理规律：光在均匀介质中沿直线传播的规律，光的反射定律，平面镜成像规律，光的折射规律，凸透镜成像规律，物态变化规律，内能改变的方法，热量计算公式：Q=cmDt及燃烧值计算Q=qm，分子运动论。第一类：有关物理量的习题：

例1：把一杯酒精倒掉一半，则剩下的酒精（）

A.比热不变，燃烧值变为原来的一半

B.比热和燃烧值均不变

C.比热变为原来的一半，燃烧值不变

D.比热和燃烧值均变为原来的一半

[解析]：比热是物质的一种特性。它与该种物体的质量大小无关；与该种物体的温度高低无关；与该种物体吸热还是放热也无关。这种物质一旦确定，它的比热就被确定。酒精的比热是2.4×103焦 /（千克ž℃），一瓶酒精是如此，一桶酒精也是如此。0℃的酒精和20℃的酒精的比热也相同。燃烧值是燃料的一种性质。它是指单位质量的某种燃烧完全燃烧所放出的热量。酒精的燃烧值是3.0×107焦/千克，它并不以酒精的质量多少而改变。质量多的酒精完全燃烧放出的热量多，但酒精的燃烧值并没有改变。所以本题的正确答案应是B。

例2：甲、乙两个冰块的质量相同，温度均为0℃。甲冰块位于地面静止，乙冰块停止在10米高处，这两个冰块（）。

A.机械能一样大

B.乙的机械能大

C.内能一样大

D.乙的内能大

[解析]：机械能包括动能、势能，两个冰块的质量相同，可以通过它们的速度大小、位置高度，判断它们的动能和势能的大小，判断物体内能大小的依据是温度和状态。根据题意，两个冰块均处于静止状态，它们的动能都是零，两冰块质量相同，乙冰块比甲冰块的位置高，乙冰块的重力势能大。结论是乙冰块的机械能大。两个冰块均为0℃，质量相同，物态相同，温度相同，所以从它们的内能也相同。选项B、C正确。第二类：有关温度计的习题：

例1：两支内径粗细不同下端玻璃泡内水银量相等的合格温度计同时插入同一杯热水中，水银柱上升的高度和温度示数分别是（）

A.上升高度一样，示数相等。

B.内径细的升得高，它的示数变大。

C.内径粗的升得低，但两支温度计的示数相同。

D.内径粗的升得高，示数也大。[解析]：温度计插入热水中，温度计中的水银就会受热膨胀。由于两支温度计玻璃管的内径粗细不同，细玻璃管中的水银柱较之粗玻璃管要上升得高。由于它们插入热水中前后的温度变化是相等的，根据温度计分度原则，虽然两支温度计中水银上升高度不一样，但示数应相等，只不过两支温度计每一等份的间隔不一样罢了。所以C正确。第三类：有关物理规律的习题： 例1：下列说法中正确的是（）A.某一物体温度降低的多，放出热量就多。B.温度高的物体比温度低的物体含有热量多。C.温度总是从物体热的部分传递至冷的部分。D.深秋秧苗过夜要灌满水，是因为水的温度高。[解析]：此题就透彻理解内能、热量、温度、比热的含义比及它们之间的联系与区别：热量是在热传递过程中，传递的能量的多少，所以热量是过程量，热量不能“含”。在热传递的过程中，不能说成温度传递。因为水的比热大，秧苗过夜灌水可使夜间水向外放热时温度降低少，保护秧苗。选项A正确。

例2：一个带盖的水箱里盛有一些0℃的冰和水，把它搬到大气压为1标准大气压0℃的教室里，经过一段时间后，水箱里（）。

A.都变成冰了，连水气也没有

B.都变成水了，同时也有水气

C.只有冰和水，不会有水气

D.冰、水和水气都存在

[解析]：当把盛有0℃的冰和水（即冰水混合物）的水箱搬进0℃的教室里，由于它们的温度相等，之间不发生热传递现象，这时冰水混合物既不吸收热量，也不放出热量，所以冰不会熔化，水也不会凝固，应是冰水共存。由于蒸发在任何温度下都可以在液面发生，因此除了冰，水外还有水蒸气存在，故选D。例3：下列现象中，不可能发生的是（）

A.水的沸点低于或高于100℃B.湿衣服放在温度低的地方比放在温度高的地方干得快 C.－5℃的冰块放在0℃的水中会溶化D.物体吸收热量温度保持不变

[解析]：水的沸点的高低随水面上气压的大小而改变，所以选项A是可能发生的。湿衣服变干是蒸发现象，影响蒸发快慢的因素除温度外，还有液体表面积的大小和表面上气流的快慢，故选项B也是可能的。冰是晶体，－5℃的冰块在0℃的水中不断吸热，水放热而降温，当它们达到热平衡时，共同温度低0℃，既不能达到熔点，也不能继续吸热，所以不能熔化。晶体熔化和液体沸腾时，虽不断吸热，但温度却保持不变。选项D也是可能的。正确答案选C。

例4：质量和初温相同的两个物体（）

A吸收相同热量后，比热大的物体温度较高B.放出相同的热量后比热小的物体温度较低 C.吸收相同的热量后，比热较小的物体可以传热给比热较大的物体

D.放出相同的热量后，比热较大的物体可以向比热较小的物体传播

[解析]：由题目我们不难知道这是为了研究质量和初温相同的物体在吸收相同的热量或放出相同的热量之后，末温与比热的关系。由Q

吸=cm(t－t0)t=Q吸/cm+t0，而由Q放=cm(t－t0)t=t0－Q放/cm。由于Q吸、m及t0都一定，比热小的物体比比热大的物体的终温高。热传递的方向应从比热小的物体向比热大的物体。若Q放、m及t0都一定，比热大的物体比热小的物体终温高。热传递的方向应从比热大的物体向比热小的物体。由此分析得出B、C、D选项都是正确的。

例5：某同学们在研究凸透镜成像规律时作了如下的记录：当物体距u1=30厘米时，在光屏上出现倒立、缩小的像；当物距u2=20厘米，在光屏上出现倒立、放大的像；当物距u=10厘米，在光屏上始终得不到像。由此可判断凸透镜的焦距是（）

A.大于20厘米 B.大于15厘米小于20厘米C.小于10厘米D.大于10厘米，小于15厘米 [解析]：由题可知：u1>2f，即30厘米>2f①；f

⒈下列关于沸腾和蒸发的说法正确的是（）

A.沸腾要吸收热量，蒸发在任何温度下都能进行，所以不需要吸收热量

B.蒸发的快慢与温度无关，沸腾时温度不变

C.蒸发时物体温度降低，沸腾只有达到沸点才能发生

D.蒸发和沸腾都可以在液体表面进行

⒉冬天，医生检查牙齿时，常把小镜子放在酒精灯上适当烤一烤，然后再伸进口腔内。这种做的主要目的是（）

A.防止接触口腔时病人感到太冷

B.进行消毒

C.镜面不会产生水雾，可以看清牙齿

D.防止镜框受热膨胀，致使镜片脱落

⒊指明下列事物中内能改变的方法：⑴一盆热水放在室内，一会儿就凉了________；⑵高温高压的气体，迅速膨胀，对外做功，温度降低________；⑶铁块在火炉中加热，一会热得发红________；⑷电烙铁通电后，温度升高________；⑸用打气筒给车胎打气，过一会儿筒壁变热。⑹两手互相摩擦取暖________。

⒋甲、乙两金属球，质量相等，初温相同，先将甲球投入冷水中，待热平衡后水温升高t℃，取出甲球（设热量与水均无损失），再迅速把乙球投入水中，这杯水热平衡后水温又升高t℃，设甲、乙两球的比热分别为C甲和C乙，则有（）

A.C甲=C乙

B.C甲>C乙

C.C甲

D.无法确定 ⒌入射光线和平面镜的夹角为60°，转动平面镜，使入射角减小15°，反射光线与入射光线间的夹角和原来相比较，将（）

A.减小90°

B.减小30°

C.减小45°

D.减小15°

⒍关于实验和虚像，下面说法中正确的是（）

A.实像能用光屏接到，而虚像则不能

B.实像有放大的也有缩小的，而虚像没有缩小的

C.实像一定是光的折射造成的，而虚像一定是光的反射造成的 D.实像为光线相交形成，而虚像由光的反向延长线相交形成 ⒎在做凸透镜成像的实验中发现：物距u=5厘米时，成正立的像；u=8厘米时，成倒立的像，那么下列判断中正确的有（）

A.u=4厘米时，可能成放大的实像

B.u=9厘米时，一定成放大的实像

C.u=14厘米时，可能成缩小的实像

D.u=17厘米时，一定成缩小的实像 ⒏将质量相等的甲、乙两个铜块放在沸水里煮相当的时间后，先取出甲铜块放在某种液体中待热平衡后液体温度升高到40℃；取出甲后，再将乙铜块放入此液体中待热平衡后液体的温度升高到50℃（不计热量损失），则此液体的初温度是_________℃。

⒐关于热量、内能和温度，下列说法中，正确的有（）

A.物体吸收热量，温度一定升高

B.物体内能增加，一定吸收热量

C.物体温度升高，内能一定增加

D.质量相同的两个物体，温度升高得多的物体吸收的热量不一定多 ⒑计算题：

把质量为220克的金属块放到500克沸水中加热到100℃，然后放入440克15℃的水中，热平衡后的温度是23℃，求该金属的比热（一个标准大气压，不计热损失，准确到0.01）

同步练习答案：

⒈D

⒉C

⒊⑴热传递

⑵做功

⑶热传递

⑷做功

⑸做功

⑹做功

⒋C

⒌B

⒍AD

⒎BCD

⒏28℃

⒐CD

⒑0.87×103焦/（千克·

16：下列说法中正确的是（）A.某一物体温度降低的多，放出热量就多。

B.温度高的物体比温度低的物体含有热量多。C.温度总是从物体热的部分传递至冷的部分。D.深秋秧苗过夜要灌满水，是因为水的温度高。

[解析]：此题就透彻理解内能、热量、温度、比热的含义比及它们之间的联系与区别：热量是在热传递过程中，传递的能量的多少，所以热量是过程量，热量不能“含”。在热传递的过程中，不能说成温度传递。因为水的比热大，秧苗过夜灌水可使夜间水向外放热时温度降低少，保护秧苗。选项A正确。17：一个带盖的水箱里盛有一些0℃的冰和水，把它搬到大气压为1标准大气压0℃的教室里，经过一段时间后，水箱里（）A.都变成冰了，连水气也没有 B.都变成水了，同时也有水气 C.只有冰和水，不会有水气 D.冰、水和水气都存在 [解析]：当把盛有0℃的冰和水（即冰水混合物）的水箱搬进0℃的教室里，由于它们的温度相等，之间不发生热传递现象，这时冰水混合物既不吸收热量，也不放出热量，所以冰不会熔化，水也不会凝固，应是冰水共存。由于蒸发在任何温度下都可以在液面发生，因此除了冰，水外还有水蒸气存在，故选D。

18、冬天，医生检查牙齿时，常把小镜子放在酒精灯上适当烤一烤，然后再伸进口腔内。这种做的主要目的是（C）A.防止接触口腔时病人感到太冷 B.进行消毒

C.镜面不会产生水雾，可以看清牙齿 D.防止镜框受热膨胀，致使镜片脱落

4、关于物体的温度、热量、内能的说法，正确的是()A、物体的温度越高，所含的热量越多

B、物体的比热越大，温度越高

C、物体的内能越大，热量越多 D、物体的温度越高，内能越大

例1：把一杯酒精倒掉一半，则剩下的酒精（）

A.比热不变，燃烧值变为原来的一半 B.比热和燃烧值均不变 C.比热变为原来的一半，燃烧值不变 D.比热和燃烧值均变为原来的一半

[解析]：比热是物质的一种特性。它与该种物体的质量大小无关；与该种物体的温度高低无关；与该种物体吸热还是放热也无关。这种物质一旦确定，它的比热就被确定。酒精的比热是2.4×103焦 /（千克ž℃），一瓶酒精是如此，一桶酒精也是如此。0℃的酒精和20℃的酒精的比热也相同。燃烧值是燃料的一种性质。它是指单位质量的某种燃烧完全燃烧所放出的热量。酒精的燃烧值是3.0×107焦/千克，它并不以酒精的质量多少而改变。质量多的酒精完全燃烧放出的热量多，但酒精的燃烧值并没有改变。所以本题的正确答案应是B。

例2：甲、乙两个冰块的质量相同，温度均为0℃。甲冰块位于地面静止，乙冰块停止在10米高处，这两个冰块（）。

A.机械能一样大 B.乙的机械能大 C.内能一样大 D.乙的内能大

[解析]：机械能包括动能、势能，两个冰块的质量相同，可以通过它们的速度大小、位置高度，判断它们的动能和势能的大小，判断物体内能大小的依据是温度和状态。根据题意，两个冰块均处于静止状态，它们的动能都是零，两冰块质量相同，乙冰块比甲冰块的位置高，乙冰块的重力势能大。结论是乙冰块的机械能大。两个冰块均为0℃，质量相同，物态相同，温度相同，所以从它们的内能也相同。选项B、C正确。

第二类：有关温度计的习题：

例1：两支内径粗细不同下端玻璃泡内水银量相等的合格温度计同时插入同一杯热水中，水银柱上升的高度和温度示数分别是（）A.上升高度一样，示数相等。B.内径细的升得高，它的示数变大。

C.内径粗的升得低，但两支温度计的示数相同。D.内径粗的升得高，示数也大。

[解析]：温度计插入热水中，温度计中的水银就会受热膨胀。由于两支温度计玻璃管的内径粗细不同，细玻璃管中的水银柱较之粗玻璃管要上升得高。由于它们插入热水中前后的温度变化是相等的，根据温度计分度原则，虽然两支温度计中水银上升高度不一样，但示数应相等，只不过两支温度计每一等份的间隔不一样罢了。所以C正确。

第三类：有关物理规律的习题：

例1：下列说法中正确的是（）

A.某一物体温度降低的多，放出热量就多。B.温度高的物体比温度低的物体含有热量多。C.温度总是从物体热的部分传递至冷的部分。D.深秋秧苗过夜要灌满水，是因为水的温度高。

[解析]：此题就透彻理解内能、热量、温度、比热的含义比及它们之间的联系与区别：热量是在热传递过程中，传递的能量的多少，所以热量是过程量，热量不能“含”。在热传递的过程中，不能说成温度传递。因为水的比热大，秧苗过夜灌水可使夜间水向外放热时温度降低少，保护秧苗。选项A正确。

例2：一个带盖的水箱里盛有一些0℃的冰和水，把它搬到大气压为1标准大气压0℃的教室里，经过一段时间后，水箱里（）。

A.都变成冰了，连水气也没有 B.都变成水了，同时也有水气

C.只有冰和水，不会有水气 D.冰、水和水气都存在 [解析]：当把盛有0℃的冰和水（即冰水混合物）的水箱搬进0℃的教室里，由于它们的温度相等，之间不发生热传递现象，这时冰水混合物既不吸收热量，也不放出热量，所以冰不会熔化，水也不会凝固，应是冰水共存。由于蒸发在任何温度下都可以在液面发生，因此除了冰，水外还有水蒸气存在，故选D。

例3：下列现象中，不可能发生的是（）A.水的沸点低于或高于100℃ B.湿衣服放在温度低的地方比放在温度高的地方干得快 C.－5℃的冰块放在0℃的水中会溶化 D.物体吸收热量温度保持不变

[解析]：水的沸点的高低随水面上气压的大小而改变，所以选项A是可能发生的。湿衣服变干是蒸发现象，影响蒸发快慢的因素除温度外，还有液体表面积的大小和表面上气流的快慢，故选项B也是可能的。冰是晶体，－5℃的冰块在0℃的水中不断吸热，水放热而降温，当它们达到热平衡时，共同温度低0℃，既不能达到熔点，也不能继续吸热，所以不能熔化。晶体熔化和液体沸腾时，虽不断吸热，但温度却保持不变。选项D也是可能的。正确答案选C。

例4：质量和初温相同的两个物体（）A.吸收相同热量后，比热大的物体温度较高 B.放出相同的热量后，比热小的物体温度较低

C.吸收相同的热量后，比热较小的物体可以传热给比热较大的物体 D.放出相同的热量后，比热较大的物体可以向比热较小的物体传播 [解析]：由题目我们不难知道这是为了研究质量和初温相同的物体在吸收相同的热量或放出相同的热量之后，末温与比热的关系。由Q 吸=cm(t－t0)t=Q吸/cm+t0，而由Q放=cm(t－t0)t=t0－Q放/cm。由于Q吸、m及t0都一定，比热小的物体比比热大的物体的终温高。热传递的方向应从比热小的物体向比热大的物体。若Q放、m及t0都一定，比热大的物体比热小的物体终温高。热传递的方向应从比热大的物体向比热小的物体。由此分析得出B、C、D选项都是正确的。

⒈下列关于沸腾和蒸发的说法正确的是（）

A.沸腾要吸收热量，蒸发在任何温度下都能进行，所以不需要吸收热量 B.蒸发的快慢与温度无关，沸腾时温度不变

C.蒸发时物体温度降低，沸腾只有达到沸点才能发生 D.蒸发和沸腾都可以在液体表面进行

⒉冬天，医生检查牙齿时，常把小镜子放在酒精灯上适当烤一烤，然后再伸进口腔内。这种做的主要目的是（）A.防止接触口腔时病人感到太冷 B.进行消毒

C.镜面不会产生水雾，可以看清牙齿 D.防止镜框受热膨胀，致使镜片脱落

⒊指明下列事物中内能改变的方法：⑴一盆热水放在室内，一会儿就凉了________；⑵高温高压的气体，迅速膨胀，对外做功，温度降低________；⑶铁块在火炉中加热，一会热得发红________；⑷电烙铁通电后，温度升高________；⑸用打气筒给车胎打气，过一会儿筒壁变热。⑹两手互相摩擦取暖________。⒋甲、乙两金属球，质量相等，初温相同，先将甲球投入冷水中，待热平衡后水温升高t℃，取出甲球（设热量与水均无损失），再迅速把乙球投入水中，这杯水热平衡后水温又升高t℃，设甲、乙两球的比热分别为C甲和C乙，则有（）

A.C甲=C乙 B.C甲>C乙 C.C甲

D.无法确定

⒏将质量相等的甲、乙两个铜块放在沸水里煮相当的时间后，先取出甲铜块放在某种液体中待热平衡后液体温度升高到40℃；取出甲后，再将乙铜块放入此液体中待热平衡后液体的温度升高到50℃（不计热量损失），则此液体的初温度是_________℃。

⒐关于热量、内能和温度，下列说法中，正确的有（）A.物体吸收热量，温度一定升高 B.物体内能增加，一定吸收热量 C.物体温度升高，内能一定增加

D.质量相同的两个物体，温度升高得多的物体吸收的热量不一定多 ⒑计算题：

把质量为220克的金属块放到500克沸水中加热到100℃，然后放入440克15℃的水中，热平衡后的温度是23℃，求该金属的比热（一个标准大气压，不计热损失，准确到0.01）

第五篇：高考英语易错题摘选2014

高考英语易错选择题摘选2014

1.Is this research center______you visited the modern equipment last year ? AwhereBthatCthe one thatDthe one where2._____ is it ______has made Peter ______ he is today ? AWhat;that;thatBThat;that;whatCWhat;what;thatDWhat;that;what

3.Who would you rather ______with you tomorrow , Tom or Smith ? Ahave to goBhave goChave goneDhad go4.Who would you rather _____you tomorrow ?

Ahad helpedBhelpCto helpDhelped5.Who is it up ______decide whether to go or not ? Ato toBtoCfor toDto for

6.Which do you feel like ______the time on the train , chatting with friends or just reading something ?

Ato killBto shareCkillingDsharing7.Is this factory ______you visited last year ?

AwhichBthatCthe oneDwhere8.Is this the tape recorder you want to _______ ?

Arepair itBhave it repairedC being repairedD have repaired9.Which do you enjoy _______your weekend , swimming or fishing ? AspendingBbeing spentCspendDto spend10.----What did she _____so much money ?----Nothing but a necklace made of glass.Aspend onBpay forCbuy forDsell for11.What way are you thinking of ______rid of the flies ?

Ato getBgettingCbeing gotDto be getting12.Who would you rather ______your new house ?

Ahave to paintBhave paintedChave paintDpaint13.Whom do you think he would ______a letter of congratulation to the teacher ? Ahave writeBhave writtenChave to writeDhave writing14.What do you imagine ______to Jim for the last few weeks ?

AhappenedBhas happenedChappeningDto happen

15.If your mother and wife are ill at the same time and you can only help one at a time , whom would you rather have ______to the hospital first ? AsendBsendingCsentDto be sent16.Is ______likely to be any food at the party on Sunday ? AheBitCthereDthat17.What did you ______at the meeting yesterday ? AspeakBtellCsayDtalk18.______either you or I to go ?

AAmBAreCIsDWas19.______which language did he write the e-mail ? AInBWithCOnDFor20.What has he given up ______us physics ?

Ais to teachBto teachCteachingDtaught21.----What have you _______hydrogen , Mary ?----Balloons.Ahave filled withBhad filled withChad filled ofDto have filled22.Was the wood _____this bridge cut out from the hill ? Aused to buildingBused yo build

Cwas used to buildingDwas used to build23.______there with you ?

AIsn't he to goBIsn't he goCIs he not goDIs he not to go

Keys :1--5 DDBDA6--10 ACDDC11--15 ACABC16--20 CCBAB21--23 BBA