高考作文——议论文模式（定稿）

第一篇：高考作文——议论文模式（定稿）

高考作文——议论文模式

教学步骤：

一.优作欣赏：

例1.只缘身在此山中

“去年今日此门中，人面桃花相映红。人面不知何处去，桃花依旧笑春风。”诗人把毫无思想感情的桃花看作“笑春风”而发出感慨，恐怕缘于“人面桃花相映红”。诗人对于桃花的认识，也出于爱屋及乌而有所专属。由此观之，人们对于事物的认识，是不乏感情因素的。

人类的感情丰富，或憎或爱，或欣喜或悲伤，有丝丝的愉悦，也有淡淡的忧伤。于是，伴随感情而获得的认识总会绚丽多彩，但这正是人类所需要的。

“昨夜雨疏风骤，浓睡不消残酒，试问卷帘人，却道海棠依旧，知否，知否，应是绿肥红瘦。”卷帘人与李清照的认识为何悬殊，我想，应该归结为两人的经历、身份以及感情的把握不同。也正是由于这样的悬殊，才得以造就伟大的词人。人类需要认知，认知是人类进步的源泉，但人类也是感情动物，认知的过程也包含感情的表达。源于人心灵的精神血脉需要充满感情的认知！

记叙时，有人说：“八月秋高风怒号，卷我屋上三重茅。”但他不局限于对于事实的描述。“安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜，风雨不动安如山。”由此折射出作者的智慧与宽大的胸怀，这无疑是对事物更深层次的认知。取得这样的认知，需要感情，阅读这样的认知，又何尝不需要呢？

议论时，认知更加丰富。

“大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物；故垒西边，人道是，三国周郎赤壁。”这是何等的赞叹。“折戟沉沙铁未销，自将磨洗认前朝，东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。”这又是何等的冷静与思辩。而当东坡先生再游于赤壁之时“盖将自其

变者观之，则天地曾不能以一瞬，自其不变者观之，则物与我皆无尽也。”又把思想提上了哲学的境界。

由此观，感情是认知的血脉，使它生机盎然，使它娓娓动听，而感情也离不开认知，它要在一次次的认知中表达。

感谢情感，是它丰富了认知的内涵，是它浇灌了认知的清泉，为了认知，就算“不识庐山真面目”，又有何妨？

例2.拭去眼前的浮尘

浮尘障目，看清流常为浊水，观蓝天常成阴霾，眺绿野常似荒漠。情感萦心，每易欺于谎言，偏于成见，惑于谗巧。

要看清世界，须拭去眼前的浮尘，欲明白是非，须放下心中的偏见。

古往今来，多少王朝因奸佞当朝，主上昏愦而倾覆？人世千年，又有多少人因受内心情感的左右，失足遗恨，抱憾终身？

汉成帝宠幸赵氏姊妹，迷于儿女私情，溺于声色之娱，难以明断国事，遂至天怒人怨，二百年汉室之基，一朝为王莽所篡。牛顿，这位名振环宇的物理巨擘，却在晚年为宗教感情纠缠，作出“上帝用拳头一击而运动了地球”的荒谬判断；刘备因兄弟之情无法释怀，贸然出兵，落得个营烧八百里，含恨白帝城的可悲结局，只能带着兴复汉室的遗志托孤于丞相，深可痛哉！

前事不忘，后事之师。我们在今天，若想明断是非，就必须以史为鉴，以人为鉴，冷静观察，周密分析。

于个人，为前途理想，切忌凭感情盲目行事。若一味相信自己心中认定的好友亲人，难免会排斥许多直言诤言。

于国家，领导人更应当广纳谏议，听取民情，唯其如此，方能保国安民，方可强国富民。

人之一世，殊为不易。想要走好人生的每一步，更是一个严峻的话题。人皆有情，但如若为情感所役，失去了理智与客观的判断，又如何不是人之大失！在种种感情的萦绕之下，我们需要让心灵倾听最真的声音，这最真的声音或许来自陌生人，甚至是敌人、仇人，但只要你能静心安神，就可以做一个智者，做出正确的判断与选择。

诚然，亲人友人也会提出各种有益于我们选择、认识的建议，这时的我们，更不能怀疑自己会因难于摆脱主观感情的束缚而对他们产生隔膜！

学会分清是非，懂得明辨善恶，这正如我们看这个世界一般，要不为障目的浮尘所蔽。那样，我们定会看见清流之清，浊水之浊，看见蓝天之蓝，阴霾之暗，看见绿野之美丽，荒漠之单调。

愿你拭去眼前的和心中的浮尘！

例3.有色眼镜的启示

走进眼镜店，有色眼镜，琳琅满目：浓墨、墨绿、浅橙、深棕„„选一架？戴上浓墨，黑云压顶；佩上墨绿，置身莽林；架上浅橙，风扬沙尘；扣上深棕，满眼咖啡„„摘下来，哦，原来晴空万里，世界是这样本色。

走出眼镜店，我生出许多联想„„

想到了天雨墙坏的宋国人，他戴着蔚蓝色眼镜看儿子，看出了预见的智慧，因为那是家人，上阵还要父子兵呢！戴起蛇绿色眼镜看邻人，看出了狡诈和邪恶，因为那是外人，防人之心不可无呀！想到了道光皇帝罢黜林则徐，禁烟条陈再好，他毕竟是汉员，戴上青冷近视镜，可信不啊！琦善再庸碌无能，奸佞贪婪卖国，可终究是一家人，戴上粉红老花镜，不用他用谁？想到了日韩世界杯，全体韩国公民，包括总统金大钟，他们都怎么了？面对不公正的裁判带给韩国队的胜利，起立欢呼，民

族情结也可以异化成有色眼镜吗？

在这里，我只想讲一个突然想起的小故事„„

小学那会儿，“三好生”由同学们选。记得四年级时，班里有个女孩羞怯拘板，又倔头倔脑，没有什么朋友，更不会亲合老师。同学偶尔提到她，总叫“老蔫儿”。谁也没想到，这“老蔫儿”期末居然考了个第一。选“三好”时，老师先把一贯名声显赫的“红人儿”的名字大大地写在黑板中央，再由同学提其他候选人。考了第一的“老蔫儿”似乎被人遗忘了，直到提名快完时，才有同学提她，她的名字极不起眼地缩在黑板的一角儿。举手选举时，她又被遗忘了，同学们争着选自己的知交好友。当老师一个个擦去落选的人名时，才在角落发现了她。通过厚重的眼镜片，老师斜睨着不屑的眼神问：“哦，这还有一位呢，谁同意？”引出全班一阵哄笑。无意中，我瞥见“老蔫儿”，她缩在教室的角落，两眼失神地大张着，注满了惶惑。这眼神深深刺痛了我幼小的心：我感到了我们的残忍了，虽然还不明了这残忍究竟是什么。

大了，我才明白那眼神中包含的是自身价值被否认的痛苦。我们在老师有意疏远的指挥棒下，残忍地否定了一个同学的价值；把一个孤言寡合的同学狠狠推向自卑的悬崖！那时，我们虽然年幼，但“以亲疏断优劣”的意识却早已潜移默化，扎根心田。我们小小年龄就戴上了有色眼镜——亲就好，不好也好；疏就差，不差也差。如果谁不够朋友竟能出类拔萃，便要诧异、否定、嘲笑、排斥！长此以往，长大成人，有色眼镜摘下就难了。

这有色眼镜实际是变色眼镜：透过这付眼镜看亲朋好友，粉面桃花、出水芙蓉、梨花带雨、梅枝独俏；透过这付眼镜看路人疏客，败柳残絮、枯藤老树、流水落花、地衣红皱。

小事如此，大事亦然！

摘下有色眼镜吧，那将消缩你审视美、享受美的视野；抛掉有色眼镜吧，你会发现美景和亲情遍及五湖四海。

二.例文讲析：

1、《只缘身在此山中》结构分析：

首段以崔护的诗开篇，引出“人们对于事物的认识，是不乏感情因素的”的论点。接下来就这点进行分析：伴随感情而获得的认识总会绚丽多彩

然后以李清照的词、杜甫的诗、苏轼的词、杜牧的诗作例证进行证明。

最后作结：由此观，感情是认知的血脉，使它生机盎然，使它娓娓动听，而感情也离不开认知，它要在一次次的认知中表达。

2、《拭去眼前的浮尘》结构分析：

文章开篇先举日常现象、生活认识引出问题。

接着简要分析，引出话题：要看清世界，须拭去眼前的浮尘，欲明白是非，须放下心中的偏见。

然后举例论证再步步推开。

然后联系现实人生，提出现实意义。

最后作结，重申论点：学会分清是非，懂得明辨善恶，这正如我们看这个世界一般，要不为障目的浮尘所蔽。

3、《有色眼镜的启示》结构分析：

开篇以眼镜店所见产生联想引入。

接着举例靠拢话题。

然后联系身边的故事：在这里，我只想讲一个突然想起的小故事„„

作结：摘下有色眼镜吧，那将消缩你审视美、享受美的视野；抛掉有色眼镜吧，你会发现美景和亲情遍及五湖四海。

三、模式归纳：

通过上述分析，我们可以发现一个共同点，这些文章由下列字组成：叙、议、联、结。（根据具体情况可以适当调整）

叙：叙些具体的生活现象或者古人、古事、古诗（要跟话题有紧密联系）。议：就事论事，针对上面的叙进行议论。

联：将问题展开。可以分两方面进行，一是联系古代与之类似的事件，一是联系身边的具体例子。（这是文章的主体）

结：对全文进行总结，回应话题。

具体操作：

第一段：写一个故事、一句俗语或者诗歌、一个生活现象。（不超过150字）

第二段：对上面的内容进行议论评价。（不超过50字）

第三段：展开联想，进行具体论证。（可分若干小段，多举例，每例之后要有分析，字数在五百字以上）

第四段：一精警的语言作结。（一定要注意跟话题联系起来）

四、模式训练：

训练1：

饥饿的人追求温饱；贫穷的人追求富有；处于**中的人追求安定„„人人都有自己的追求，这些追求往往折射出人生的思考，时代的特点。正是因为有了追求，人生才不断地攀升，社会才会不断的进步。

请围绕“追求”这一中心话题，写一篇作文。

训练2：

做过的事情，要反省一下，是否正确，是否还有缺漏；学过的知识，要反省一下，是否掌握，是否记得扎实；面对自我，要反省一下，是否正直，是否真诚坚强。个

人，要反省；国家，也是反省；只要智慧存在的地方，就都少不了——反省。请以“反省”为话题，写一篇文章。

第二篇：高考作文议论文

议论文

(1)要求论述两个对立的观点并给出自己的看法。

1.有一些人认为。。

2.另一些人认为。。

3.我的看法。。

The topic of ①-----------------(主题)is becoming more and more popular recently.There are two sides of opinions about it.Some people say A is their favorite.They hold their view for the reason of ②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What is more, ③-------------理由二).Moreover, ④---------------(理由三).While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons.Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一).Secondly(besides),⑥------------------(理由二).Thirdly(last but not least),⑦------------------(理由三).From my point of view, I think ⑧----------------(我的观点).The reason is that ⑨--------------------(原因).As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice.For me, the former is surely a wise choice.(2)给出一个观点，要求考生反对这一观点

Some people believe that ①----------------(观点一).For example, they think ②-----------------(举例说明).And it will bring them ③-----------------(为他们带来的好处).In my opinion(as far as I am concerned), I never think this reason can be the point.For one thing,④-------------(我不同意该看法的理由一).For another thing, ⑤-----------------(反对的理由之二).Form all what I have said, I agree to the thought that ⑥------------------(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)

另一种结束语

From what has been discussed above, we can easily see that ______________(我对文章所讨论主题的看法)

(3)要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径

1.问题现状

2.怎样解决(解决方案的优缺点)

In recent days, we have to face the problem-----A, which is becoming more and more serious.First,------------(说明A的现状).Second,---------------(举例进一步说明现状)

Confronted with A, we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation.For one thing,---------------(解决方法一).For another-------------(解决方法二).Finally,--------------(解决方法三).Personally, I believe that-------------(我的解决方法).Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because--------------(带来的好处).

第三篇：高考作文议论文模版

高考作文议论文模版

1.导入

第一段：Rencently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should ……(导入话题)。Our opinions are pided on this topic(观点有分歧)。

2.正文

第二段：Most of the students are in favour of it.(正方观点)Here are the reasons.First……Second……Finally……

第三段：However, the others are strongly against it.(反方观点)This reasons are follows.In the first place…..What’s more……In addition……

3.结论

第四段：Personally speaking, the advantages overweigh the disadvantages, for it will do us more harm than good.So I support it.常用谚语As everyone knows “”As a proverb goes/says “”

1.Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩

2.All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马

3.Every advantage has its disadvantage.有利必有弊

4.It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老

5.Man proposes, God disposes.谋事在人，成事在天

第四篇：高考作文分类讲解——议论文的三种模式

高考英语作文分类讲解——议论文

1.一分为二

The first paragraph

Nowadays more and more people…/…plays an important part in…

Like everything else,…has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects(both advantages and disadvantages)

Generally, the favorable aspects(advantages)can be listed as follows.The second paragraph:

First,…Second,…In addition,…(What’s more)…

To start/begin with,…Secondly,...Moreover…The last point…

The third paragraph:

Every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent(obvious).To begin with, … To make matters worse,…Worst of all,…

The fourth paragraph:

Through above analysis/All things considered, we can see that the positive aspects(advantages)outweigh the negative ones(disadvantages).Therefore, I…

例文

谈谈你对轿车大量进入家庭后，对家庭、环境和经济的影响。

Nowadays the number of people who own private cars is on the rise.Like everything else, private cars have both favorable and unfavorable aspects.Generally, the favorable aspects can be listed as follows.First, private cars can bring convenience and mobility to owners.A car allows a person to move comfortably and safely as well as quickly and freely.Because my family owns a car, we are able to make extensive journeys every year.Therefore, I believe the tourist industry in China will develop more quickly with the increase in the number of private cars.Second, if more people buy cars, the automobile industry will develop dramatically.What’s more, the growth of the automobile industry can trigger the boom of other important and related industries such as iron and steel production, energy and technological application.Every coin has two sides.The negative aspects are also apparent.To begin with, too many cars will give rise a series of problems, such as serious environmental pollution and more traffic accidents.In addition, the driver may have to drive around and around looking for available parking spaces.Through above analysis, we can see that private cars should be restricted rather than encouraged.2.两者选一

第一段：Which would you prefer if you are faced with the choice between(A)and(B)?Before you make the decision, you had better make a close comparison.第二段：It is true that(选择A的优势之一)

It is also true that(选择A的优势之二)，But(选择A的劣势)

第三段：Though(选择B的劣势)，（选择B的优势之一）。Furthermore(选择B的优势之二)

第四段: Therefore, if you…, you should choose A, but if you…, you should choose B.1

例文

Which is Better, Listening to the Radio or Reading the Newspaper?

Which should you prefer if you are faced with the choice between listening to the radio and reading the newspaper?Before you make the decision, you had better make a close comparison.It is true that listening to the radio is quick and convenient.It is also true that we can listen to the radio while we are doing something else.So we can save a lot of time.But radio programs have its own time schedule.You cannot get the information you need every time you turn on the radio.Though newspaper is not as quick as radio, reading from the newspaper can certainly bring us news more clearly and more exactly.Furthermore, while reading we have time to think about what we are reading, to judge it, to analyze it, and then we will be more aware of its cause and effect.We are living in an information age.We have to make full use of the information we can get if we are to achieve our goal.Therefore, if we want to get the latest news, we can listen to the radio, but if we want to get the exact words, we’d better read the newspaper.3.我的观点

模式（A）：

第一段：People’s views/ideas/opinions on…vary from person to person.Some people think that …is necessary.They hold this opinion because(简述正方的理由)。However, others hold that…is unnecessary.(简述反方的理由)

第二段：As to me, I am in favor of….The following are the reasons of my viewpoint.第三段：First…Second…In addition

第四段：Therefore,(In a word,)…

例文

My View on educational Reform

People’s views on educational reform vary from person to person.Some people think the educational reform is very important and necessary.They hold this view because they think we must change the test-oriented education into ability-oriented education.But others hold that the reform is unnecessary.In their opinion, the test score is the only ruler to measure the degree of students’ mastery of knowledge.As to me, I am in favor of the reform.The following are the reasons of my viewpoint.First, the world keeps changing.If we know only book knowledge, we will find it difficult to keep up with the rapid development of science and technology.Besides, high scores don’t mean high intelligence.We must pay attention to the student’s ability rather than the score.Only in this way can the students adapt themselves to the situation when they graduate.It should be noted that our society needs people with different kinds of abilities, not people with only high scores.In a word, schools should cultivate students’ different abilities according to their different interest.模式（B）

第一段: 开门见山引出谚语，并对谚语进行解释。

A famous saying goes,…It means…/…is a proverb which means…

第二段: 举例一

For example,…/It goes without saying that…/It is known to all that…

第三段: 举例二

Another example is that…/…is certainly true of…It is true, too, of…(例一和例二也可以用正反两方面的例子)

第四段：结束语

例文

以“No Sweet Without Sweat”为题写一篇短文，说明该提的意思；不经过艰苦的努力，我们就不能获得幸福和欢乐，并举例说明。最后联系自己学习上的情况，进一步说明这个道理。

No Sweet without Sweat

“No Sweet Without Sweat” is a proverb that means we cannot gain happiness without work.It is known to all that if a sportsman wants to win the first place, he will have to train himself hard.Why does the Chinese women Table Tennis Team do so well?It is because they all train hard.This also explains why Wilma Rudolph, who hadn’t been able to walk for one third of her life, because the first American woman to win three gold medals in track.“No sweet without sweat” is certainly true of study.We all know time lost will never return.If we want to study well, we should, first of all, devote our time and energy to our studies.A year ago, I was not good at English.Encouraged by our teacher, I started working hard at it.When I have difficulties, I always ask for help.I practice reading every morning and never leave today’s work for tomorrow.I have made rapid progress and my English is quite all right now.No sweet is without sweat!

模式（C）

第一段：What do you like?

第二段：What don’t you like?

第三段：Make some suggestions

例文

请你就你校食堂的状况谈谈你的看法，可以是表扬，也可以是批评。

June 10, 2004 Dear Mr.President,On behalf of all the students of our grade, I am very happy to report to you that we are quite satisfied with the service of our canteen, including environment and the taste of the food and dishes.Most of us feel at home.The waiters and the waitresses are very warm and helpful andthe large dinner hall is clean and tidy.The price of dishes, however, is a bit too much to a lot of students.Honestly speaking, to the money-makers, the prices are quite reasonable, but to us students, especially those students from average families, they are not acceptable.So I’d like to suggest that more low-priced dishes be available, and I hope school authorities could take this suggestion into consideration.Yours respectfully,Li Ming

模式（D）： 怎样（How to…）模式

第一段：（简述要讨论的某种现象或简述问题的起因）

第二段：Many ways can be used to solve(contribute to solving)the serious problem, but the following ones may be effective

第三段：First of all…, Besides,…/Another way to solve the problem of …is… Finally,…

第五篇：高考作文模式

第一段排比句（或其他优美修辞语句）+亮明中心论点（前提不离题），第二段分论点1（总论点的侧面分析及论证分论点的确立），第三段过渡引入（论点与论据间的衔接与过渡）+论据概述（论证部分的中心内容）+论据分析（揭示论据的含义，奠定分析、深化论点的基础（重要））+过渡引申（论据与论点间的过渡与衔接），第四段分论点与题目的关系总结，第五段分论点2，第六段过渡引入（论点与论据间的衔接与过渡）+论据概述（论证部分的中心内容）+论据分析（揭示论据的含义，奠定分析、深化论点的基础（重要））+过渡引申（论据与论点间的过渡与衔接），第七段分论点与题目的关系总结，第八段反面论证，第九段总结呼应手段优美语句深化主题。

分析论点——毅力是攀登智慧高峰的手杖。

过渡引入——很多人都有美好的理想和为之奋斗的热忱，但他们缺乏毅力，开始是天天撒网捕鱼，不久便于工作三天打鱼，两天晒网，最后索性将网抛进垃圾箱里，而海底的珍珠只是可梦想而不可得了。

论据概述——有地这样一个美丽的传说。一位仙女幽居净舍，凡人难得一见。一天，仙女听到一陈悦耳的敲门声，正想稍等片刻再去开门，可那敲门声很快就停止了。几天之后，又有人敲门，灰心的仙女懒得去开，那人却直敲不停。仙女终于被他打动了，第一次开了门。

分析论据——这段动人的故事中，第二位敲门者终于达到了目的。他比第一个人多了什么？毅力，只有毅力！没有毅力，成功只是虚幻，虎头蛇尾的奋斗也是徒劳。

过渡引申——如果人类没有毅力，哥们也许至今还住在山洞里过着原始人的生活呢，然而，哥们的社会毕竟在飞速发展。

深化论点——人们用毅力和着血汗，筑起了建设的丰碑。虽然很土，但很好用。