第一篇：口译期末论文
口译与记忆
——以《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》为例
从心理学的角度上，人们把记忆分为短时记忆（STM）和长时记忆（LTM）。从字面意义上讲，短时记忆就是在短时间内记住信息，它不需要利用任何神经机制来为以后提取此信息而加强记忆。长时记忆是指利用神经系统储存信息，这些信息与数据能在数周、数月、乃至几年后仍旧记忆犹新（曾传生，2010）。无论是同声传译或是交替传译，记忆能力，尤其是短时记忆能力都显得尤为重要。
口译是以短时记忆为中心的语言活动。口译的过程大致可以概括为四步：获取源语言信息，存储信息，提取信息，转换成目的语。其中，该过程的前三步，都与短时记忆息息相关。在同传或交传的过程中，译者主要借助短时记忆，利用听觉及语义存储信息、处理信息，并最终转换信息。Peterson（1959）的研究表明，他所实验的短时记忆能持续6到12秒。口译的特点也决定了译员必须要充分利用短时记忆。此次口译活动结束，译员会接到可能内容风格可能完全不同的口译任务，此时，这个翻译任务所涉及的内容、主题和发言人会截然不同。因此，短时记忆是译员所需要的最基本的记忆技能。
祝酒辞应属商务口译的范畴。商务口译存在传播的“生活形式” 以及口译传播的“及席性”的特点。而这些特点也往往造成了对口译传播与意义表达的制约（朱铮铮，2009）。《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》中，也大致体现了商务口译的一些特点。但对于国家领导人在如此重要的场合下所做的祝酒辞稿件，译者必定是事先对原稿有了比较详尽的了解。尽管如此，该祝酒辞依然蕴含着生活化与即席性的特点。例如，在此祝酒辞的最后，胡锦涛主席提议“为举办一届成功、精彩、难忘的世博会，为世界人民的团结和友谊，为人类文明发展进步，为各位嘉宾和家人身体健康，干杯”这部分，便体现了生活化与即席性的特点。
口译活动依赖译员的短时记忆能力，但并不表示译员的长时记忆不发挥作用。长时记忆里储存的是平时积累的生活常识、专业知识、各种经历等，其容量是无限的。信息在此储存的时候见响度较长，有的内容甚至终身不忘（贺煜，肖颖，李纪超，2009）。长时记忆，是一个需要不断学习的过程。译员的语言知识、文化知识等的系统储备，对口译也是至关重要的。例如，在这篇祝酒辞中，出现
1了我国国家领导人经常会提及的我国经济社会等各项发展必须走的道路及必须坚持的原则，即“中国将高举和平、发展、合作旗帜，始终不渝地走和平发展道路，始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略，坚持在和平共处五项原则的基础上同所有国家发展友好合作，同各国人民一道推动建设持久和平、共同繁荣的和谐世界。”此处的翻译质量，就完全取决于译者的长时记忆。即译者是否具备扎实稳妥的基本功以及充足的知识储备，尤其是译者是否了解对国家发展战略等问题的惯用翻译方法。除此之外，长时记忆还适用于一些常用固定搭配以及习惯表达等方面。例如祝酒辞中提到的取长补短(learn from each other and draw on each other’s strengths)、书写…的新篇章（add a new chapter to…）、注册类世博会（the registered World Expo）、国际展览局（the International Exhibitions Bureau BIE）、搭起…的桥梁（…serve as a bridge）、秘书长（Secretary General）等等。
在上学期短暂的口译实践中，个人认为，口译的几大难点在于对源语言的理解，在于短时记忆能力有限以及专业术语乃至语言点掌握不足等三个方面。钟述孔在其所著的实用口译手册（修订版）中指出, “An interpreter must realize from the very beginning of his training that it is always memory on the basis of correct comprehension that plays the major role in ensuring accuracy in interpreting, not note-taking”(p.42, 1994).由此可见，对源语言正确及时的理解辅以较强的短时记忆能力，对准确高效的口译实践，意义重大。
国家领导人在比较正式的国际场合讲话，惯用较长的排比句式，乍一听，会感觉到一种句式复杂句子冗长的特点，其实仔细分析下来，我们可以发现，排比式的长句子翻译起来还是有规律可循的。这就需要在正确理解大意的基础之上，合理安排分配短时记忆，并借助笔记的辅助功能。例如，在《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》中，第一段有这样的表达：“我谨代表中国政府和人民，对各位嘉宾莅临上海世博会，表示热烈的欢迎！对给予上海世博会真诚帮助和大力支持的各国政府和人民，对国际展览局和有关国际组织，对所有为上海世博会作出贡献的朋友们，表示诚挚的谢意！”听完这段话，单纯依靠短时记忆就能准确无误地翻译出来是基本不可能的，但在听的过程中，我们不难发现，整段话需要特别记忆的，无非就是欢迎的对象以及感谢的对象。但是，需要特别注意的是，记住欢迎以及感谢的对象貌似也不太容易，那在听的过程中，就尽量摒除起修饰
作用的定语部分，简化的结果就是，欢迎莅临者，感谢各国政府和人民，感谢国际展览局和有关国际组织。
在口译实践的过程中，由于短时记忆能力有限，经常会出现信息缺失的情况。即，短时记忆的内容转瞬即逝。综合其原因，一方面，可能是受到同时接受的信息的干扰，另一方面，可能是由于时间的推移使得信息退出记忆而导致的短时记忆衰退（曾传生，2010）。短时记忆容量有限，Miller(1956)在其论文《神秘数字7加或减2》中就论述了，短时记忆大概是7加或减2个单位。短时记忆的另一个特点便是，它把信息的听觉形式保留下来（贺煜，肖颖，李纪超，2009）。
记忆，尤其是短时记忆在口译中的作用十分重要。对译员进行加强短时记忆的训练是十分必要的。短时记忆的目的是为了帮助译员更好地理解源语言，进而使译员的译语准确到位（曾传生，2010）。曾传生在其所著的《英语同声传译概论》中，提到了四种记忆训练的方法。分别是，归类：对同一特质的物品进行归类；归纳：从文中所给的特定的例子或者信息中进行总结归纳；比较：关注事物的不同之处和相同之处；描述：描述一个场景，一种形状，或者一个事物的大小，等等。如果以《胡锦涛在上海世博会欢迎晚宴上的祝酒辞》为训练范本，以上四种记忆训练方法在原文的翻译过程中也是可以借鉴的。例如，原文中“世博会是荟萃人类文明成果的盛会，也是世界各国人民共享欢乐和友谊的聚会”这是一句由两个分句组成的完整句子。两个分句的相同之处便在于世博会是盛会是聚会，不同之处便在于盛会与聚会的修饰成分。因此，在听这段话的过程中，显然要更加注重对修饰成分的记忆与理解。
通过上学期短暂的口译实践，我意识到，虽然译者的听、说、读、写、译等综合能力和专业知识能力对做好口译起关键作用，但对信息的有效记忆则是实现成功口译的必经之路。在正确理解源语言信息的基础上，做到有效的短时记忆与口译笔记相互补充，才能真正获取口译段落的完整信息。因此，做口译的过程，就是一个长时记忆与短时记忆相互结合，相互辅助的过程。以正确及时地理解信息的真实意义为前提，在结合自己已有的、储存在大脑中已达到长时记忆中的语言知识、跨文化知识、跨学科知识的基础上，恰当运用语言的分析、归纳、分类等技巧，同时尽量摒弃信息中的非主要部分，从而将信息最清晰地、牢固地储存在大脑中，形成对信息的有效记忆，以期圆满完成口译任务。
参考文献：
【1】 曾传生.英语同声传译概论.北京：北京大学出版社，2010年.1-208.【2】 钟述孔.使用口译手册.第二版.北京：中国对外翻译出版社，1994
年.1-480.【3】 贺煜，肖颖，李纪超.关于口译有效记忆方法的研究.湖北成人教育
学院学报.2009.15(5).75-77.【4】 朱铮铮.商务口译的形式模态及其语境化特征.浙江工商大学学报.2009.97(4).44-47.
第二篇：口译 期末
第2章 9-10 英译汉
1.我非常高兴今天早上能够来到这里，宣布中国西部国际经贸洽谈会召开。我要感谢四川省人民政府邀请我们来参加这次重要的盛会。2.我很荣幸能够在人民大会堂讲话。国际劳工组织非常高兴能够和社会与劳动保障部共同组织这次活动。
3.在此，我想X才所有与会专家和代表的严谨的研究态度、严肃的学术讨论和不懈的研究工作表示深深的敬意。
4.在我们的共同努力下，讨论巳经实现了交流和寻求未来机遇的目标。我们不仅在会上讨论了问题，在会后也交换了意见，并且决定将进一步合作。5.最后，请允许我代表组委会对所有尊贵的来宾和代表表示感谢，谢谢你们来参加这次会议。由于你们的支持和帮助，我们的会议取得了圆满成功。6.非常感谢您的盛情款待。但是我们这次访问贵公司所期望的还远远不止这些。我知道我们之间存在一些误解，希望今天的交流能够让我们更好地了解彼此、克服障碍。
7.我十分高兴我们的访问取得了如此大的成功。相信我们所建立的合作将会带领我们实现双贏。而且，也衷心希望我们的合作能够永远持续下去。8.我祝愿你们的事业在今天、在未来的岁月中都能够蓬勃发展。谢谢！
汉译英
1.I am very pleased to take part in today's event, and I am truly honored to have this opportunity of exchanging with elites in this industry and discussing the blueprint for development.2.Taking this opportunity, I would like to thank our association and all the Mends in this industry for your concern, support and caring to my company.I sincerely hope that this cooperation and friendship can last forever and constantly make achievements.3.I sincerely wish that friends present today can continue enhancing understanding, friendship and cooperation as well as making joint development.With greater passion, better service and stronger performance, we can return more to you and to our society.4.I want to express my gratitude to the host for giving us such a wonderful chance to have a platform for communication.5.I feel honored to visit this beautiful city for the first time.Taking this opportunity, please allow me, on behalf of all my delegation, to extend our sincere appreciation to the host for the hospitality.6.There was a poet in ancient China who once said, “Long distances separate no bosom friends.” What a pleasure that we can get together here today!7.Finally, I would like to propose a toast to the health of Mr.President and his wife, our guests and all the friends and comrades present.Cheers!8.To organize a large-scale tournament needs a large amount of manpower.Therefore, I would like to thank the great efforts that the organizer has made for the success of the competition.And my thanks also go to the People's Government of Tianjin and sponsors.第4章
50-51 英译汉
1.你方的支付条款是什么？
2.从我们的合同样本中，你可以知道，我们要求货款以保兑的、不可撤消的、允许分装和转船、见票即付的信用证支付。3.你是否能破例接受付款交单或承兑交单的支付方式呢？ 4.如果在我们的商品投放到市场时，其他进口商的同类商品巳经以盈利的价格在销售，那我们就输给别人了。
5.我们想在5月底之前拿到货物以便赶上销售旺季。6.恐怕我方将不得不到别处购买而取消这笔生意了。
7.你方给我方订单装运的货物质量与双方所商定的规格不符，因此我们必须向你们提出索赔。
8.根据你方的报价，我们不得不大幅度减少原定的购买量。9.考虑到我们之间的友好关系，对你方这批试购的货物我们准备破例接受付款交单的方式付款。
10.我方希望你方认真考虑商业信誉并立即开出信用证，否则，由此造成的一切损失将由你方承担。
汉译英
1.The L/C must reach us one month before shipment.2.If one side fails to observe the contract, the other side is entitled to cancel it 3.We'll do our best to meet your demand.Since your order is quite large, would you like to accept partial shipment? 4.We generally require the L/C to remain valid until the fifteenth day after shipment.5.The goods will be inspected by the China Commodity Inspection Bureau.It will then issue a certificate of quality and a certificate of weight.6.It is likely that the goods were spoiled to make weight short during transit.A claim would be lodged with the insurance company.7.May I have an idea of the time of your invitation for bid? 8.1 know your products have a good reputation.But what if the weight is short or the quality is poor? 9.According to international practice, bidders need to pay a cash deposit or hand in a letter of guarantee from a commercial bank.10.If a bidder fails to win the bid, the cash deposit or the letter of guarantee will be returned to him/her within one week after the decision on award is declared.第7章
108-109 英译汉 1.经过一年多卓有成效的工作，今天我们十分高兴地宣布：我们已经成功完成关于中国私营企业的研究，这是同类研究中的第一份,并编成了题为《中国新兴的私营企业新世纪的前景》的新书。2.如果没有国家经贸委的支持和澳大利亚政府慷慨的资助，我们是无法走到今天的。我们非常自豪地向政府机关和广大民众展示这本书，之后我们将很高兴回答媒体的提问。
3.这是中华人民共和国政府和巴布亚新几内亚的共建项目。中国政府提供了 1,075 万美元补贴贷款作为项目资金。这是巴布亚新几内亚首个同类项目。工厂建成后，每年将生产1万吨精炼盐。工厂运行30年后将归当地政府所有。
4.距世界水日还有两天，请让我代表联合国开发计划署，首先感谢各位的到来以及对“改善水资源管理和中国农村地区饮用水安全”项目的重视。
5.我代表联合国驻华系统和联合国开发项目，欢迎各位参加“农民工法律援助律师工作促进网”的启动仪式。
6.这个项目旨在支持法律从业者在他们的工作中帮助贫穷和弱势群体。广大律师的参与和国际国内有关机构的合作使得这个项目具有创新性，并且从发展的角度来看很有前景。7.我们希望这个项目不仅可以促进扩大农民工及其家庭获得司法公正，而且还可以促进政府和民间组织之间更密切地合作，帮助中国社会中的贫穷和弱势群体获得平等权利。
8.在此，我要感i射部里为社区做出的巨大贡献以及为获得实质性改善所采取的必要措施。
汉译英 英译汉1.Today is the launching of Canon 2008 DV new products.It is also the very first communication between Canon and media friends in this year.Please allow me, on behalf of Canon, to express my sincere appreciation and welcome to all of you.2.In this year, Canon introduced various excellent products to the Chinese market.And with the expansion of market strategy, after-sales service has been strengthened at different fronts.In 2007, the sales volume of Canon increased by 30%, which has exceeded the target of $1 billion.3.The launch of CRTs FM service in Laos is the fruit of the wisdom of two creative peoples and a symbol of the enhanced friendship between two governments.4.We hope CRI Lao 93.0 FM will grow further and become a faithful friend of the people of Laos.5.This launching ceremony is held at the end of the year.The major objective is to introduce our research results of organic products to friends.Also, we would like to cooperate with the research institutions in Beijing suburban area.Jointly, we will promote the development of aquaculture in Beijing suburbs and offer people in Beijing with organic, nutritious, healthy and safe aquatic products.6.This is the essential measure of Dongfeng Automobile to meet the challenges of China's accession to WTO, to invigorate national automobile industry, to build the No.l brand of Chinese business cars through advertisement innovation and to promote domestic vehicles in the international market.7.The leading actor of today's launching ceremony is the new product of yogurt department of our company~Yili LGG Yogurt.This is another important achievement by introducing high-technology to our company and improving the quality of our products.What worth mentioning is that the new LGG yogurt has inherited the good quality of Yili products and strong fashionable characters and vibrant factors were added to this new product.8.What's more, the functions of LGG enable it to take the leading role in international probiotics area.It is recognized as the best probiotics in the world.Therefore, Yili yogurt added with LGG, undoubtedly, will represent the highest level probiotics yogurt in China.第10章
173-175 1.此次访问的主要问题就是要加强“亚洲户外用品展”的国际影响力。德国主办方腓德烈斯哈芬展览公司充分肯定和赞许了亚洲户外展项目组前期招商工作，并陪同亚洲户外展项目团队对欧洲重要客户进行了拜访。2.双方进一步明确通过召开全球巡回推荐会、加大国际广告投人的方式加大对全球招商力度。
3.腓德烈斯哈芬展览公司以欧洲户外展客户资料库为依托，前期向全世界发送了 10万封亚洲户外展的邀请函，在客户资源方面对亚洲户外展给予了强有力的支持，凭借欧洲户外展的品牌知名度，使绝大多数欧洲户外品牌生产商以及代理商对亚洲户外用品展有了更充分的了解。
4.为了确保欧洲户外展丰富多彩的展会配套活动原汁原味地呈现在亚洲户外展上，本次项目组还与德方全面沟通了展会各项配套活动方案。德方认为亚洲户外展目前的配套活动方案既确保了欧洲户外展的特色，又增加了部分亚洲特色，是一个极具创新性的想法。
5.新西兰位于南太平洋，在南纬34度至47度之间。全国大致呈南北方向，从南到北大部份地区有山脉纵贯。两座主要岛屿（南岛与北岛）面积约为266,200平方公里(103,735平方英里），大小约和日本及美国加州相同，比英国略大。6.新西兰是一个经济结构和政府结构发展十分完善的现代化国家，政府模式以英国的国会制为蓝本。多年以来，新西兰一直是拥有主权的国家，属英联邦成员国，与英国只有松散的关系。
7.新西兰是一个独立自主的国家，也是英联邦成员国。它由多个民族构成，人口 400 万，大多数为英国后裔。新西兰的土著居民毛利人约占总人口的14%。8.奧克兰是新西兰人口最多的居民点，它位于两大海港之间。奧克兰是新西兰的门户，它自身也是一个非常好的旅游目的地。游客可以乘渡轮或租船在各岛旅游，步行穿越丛林，徜徉在葡萄园之间，并享受海滨城市的悠闲。
汉译英
1.The biannual Auto China has organized nine expositions from 1990 to 2006.The scale of Auto China has been ever enlarging and the number of participating enterprises has increased while displayed products are updated.The influence is increasingly extensive.It has already become an important event in Chinese and foreign automobile industry.2.For dozens of years, Auto China has maintained its feature of large scale among domestic automobile exhibitions.It followed the concept and characteristic of showing the best products of the most comprehensive brands and being international.It develops from an ordinary professional exhibition to an internationally influential exhibition.It is now the most authoritative and influential auto show in China.3.In the ninth Auto China held in November 2006, almost all the foreign famous automobile manufacturers had classified it as A-level exhibition.It means Auto China has been in the same class with the auto shows in Frankfurt, Geneva, Paris, Tokyo and Detroit.4.We believe that the Auto China 2008, as a large economic and trade exchange activity right before Beijing Olympic Games, will play an important role in warming-up for Olympic economy, promoting various trade technological exchange and economic cooperation between Chinese auto industry and international counterparts.5.Daqing is the oil capital of China and an important national energy base.It is located in the western part of Heilongjiang Province with a total area of 21,000 square kilometers and a population of 2.644 million.Currently, there are four counties and five executive districts under its jurisdiction.6.In 2005, the gross product of the city was RMB 140.07 billion.Local financial revenue was 4.85 billion yuan while the investment in fixed assets was RMB30.27 billion.7.As the largest oil production base in China, Daqing has accumulatively produced 1.86 billion tons of crude oil, accounting for 47% of all the inland crude oil production in the same period of time.8.Daqing has reliable government service, fair development platform and excellent investment environment.Following the international rules of market economy, it has made a series of incentive policies for attracting investment.
第三篇：口译论文
2014年9月23日 联合国环境规划署亲善大使、中国著名影星李冰冰今天应邀在联大峰会上发言。她在发言中表示，身为环境署的亲善大使，她对气候变化问题深为关注。她希望世界领导人能够就此采取迅速和雄心勃勃的行动。
我是联合国环境规划署亲善大使李冰冰。今天我很高兴来到这里，因为我深深地关心气候变化议题；像你们一样，我亦希望看到各国领导人立刻采取雄心勃勃的行动。
二氧化碳排放量在今时今日达到了史无前例的水平。人类活动和过度消费需求带来了许多对环境的破坏，这其中还包括我关心的另一个议题，即非法野生动物贸易。
不过，我仍乐观地认为，这气候峰会将促进采取行动并为我们追求的共同目标之低碳经济提供解决方案。我们中国有句俗话：“有志者事竟成”！
全世界的年轻人都迫切地看到领导人在气候变化问题上采取行动并且提出了他们的问题。“气候现状项目”的“为什么/为什么不”宣传活动邀请了年轻人提交视频发问他们所关心的问题。我们收到了来自80多个国家的2500个视频。今天，七位优胜者带着他们的微电影来到了气候峰会，与你一起分享他们的忧与思。
I am Li Bingbing, goodwill ambassador for the United Nations Environment Program.I am pleased to be here today because, like many of you, I deeply care about climate change.And I am keen to see leaders take immediate and ambitious action.Carbon emissions are at unprecedented levels.Human activity and consumer demand are causing so much devastation, including the illegal trade in wild life, another serious concern of mine.However, I remain optimistic that this climate summit will be about action and solutions as we pursue our common goals of low carbon economy.We have an expression in Chinese, “有志者事竟成”.This means “where there is a will, there is a way”.Young people around the world are so eager to see leaders take action on climate change and asking hard questions.The “Why / Why not” campaign“ of ”Climate Reality Project“ asked the young people to submit additional videos asking those questions for a chance to attend this summit.2,500 videos were submitted from more than 80 countries.The seven winners are here today.And the film you are about to see highlight some of their questions.以上英文为官方翻译，下面我来简单分析下此文
1、Deep(adj.)深的
例句: Deep down, she supported her husband's involvement in the organization.在心底里，她支持丈夫参加这个组织。Profound(adj.)意义深远的 例句: It's a quite profound story, with powerful religious overtones.这个故事寓意深远，具有强烈的宗教色彩
Deep, Profound这两个形容词都有表示“深的”之意。Deep为普通用词，指由上到下，或由表及里的深度，可指具体或抽象事物。Profound语气较强，较为庄重，多指抽象的事物，多用于比喻。而deep与deeply的用法区别
两者均可表示“深”、“深深地”，修饰具体的动作, 有时可互换，修饰静止状态、介词短语或表示深夜等，通常用deep(偶尔也用deeply)，修饰带有感情色彩的动词(如 hate, dislike, love, admire, hurt, regret 等)，通常要用 deeply，另外，修饰形容词、过去分词等，一般也要用 deeply。在本文中表达的是深切地关心，所以用deeply合适。
2、Aggressive(adj.).有进取心的，有闯劲的
例句：He is respected as a very aggressive and competitive executive.他是一位锐意进取、竞争意识很强的主管，颇受尊敬。
Ambitious(adj.)
例句：He was by his own account an ambitious workaholic.据他自己所言，他是个雄心勃勃的工作狂
Aggressive有两个意思，一是志向高远的、有上进心的，褒义。二是激进的，贬义。而Ambitious 只有有志向的、有上进心的意思，褒义。在本文中是“希望看到各国领导人立刻采取雄心勃勃的行动。”用Ambitious比较适合修饰演讲人的心境。
3、”where there is a will, there is a way“.”有志者事竟成" 例句：The facts eloquently demonstrate that where there is a will, there is a way.事实雄辩地证明了有志者事竟成.这是一个状语从句。是地点状语从句。由where引导的。从句部分是Where there is a will，状语从句理解成状语或副词。主句是there is a way。
will是意愿的意思。Where there is a will在有意愿的地方，way是路，there is a way就有路可走。翻译成：有志者事竟成。
4、Devastation（n.）毁坏；荒废；极度震惊或悲伤
例句： A huge bomb blast brought chaos and devastation to the Centre of Belfast yesterday.昨天一颗威力巨大的炸弹在贝尔法斯特市中心爆炸，引起一片混乱并造成严重破坏。
Destruction（n.）毁坏的原因；破坏手段
例句：One eye-witness said the rioters were engaged in an orgy of destruction.一目击者称暴徒肆无忌惮地到处进行破坏
Disaster（n.）灾难；彻底的失败
例句：An investigation is underway to find out how the disaster happened.调查已经展开，以查明灾难是如何发生的。
Damage(n.)损害；损毁；赔偿金
例句：These gases would seriously damage the patient's respiratory system.这些毒气会严重损害患者的呼吸系统。
这四个词都有破坏之意，但destruction 表示毁灭性的破坏、摧毁，如建筑的摧毁。
devastation 表示大面积的破坏，比如用在森林的大面积破坏等。disaster 表示灾难，这个破坏是不可估计的。相对这几个单词的程度是最大的。damage 表示损坏，程度相对这几个单词是最小的。在此文中“人类活动和过度消费需求带来了许多对环境的破坏”，此类的许多破坏对环境都是大面积的破坏，但不构成毁灭性的破坏，也不是灾难所造成的，所以用devastation最恰当。
5、Eager(adj.)渴望的；热切的
例句：He is always eager for new experiences and ever-willing to experiment.他总 是渴望拥有新的经历，而且永远愿意尝试。Anxious(adj.)渴望的；焦急的
例句：The Government is anxious to keep the whole case out of court.政府迫切希望整件事能够在庭外解决。Keen(adj.)渴望的；热心的
例句：He had retained a keen interest in the progress of the work.他对那项工作的进展一直很关心。
这些形容词均有“急切的，渴望的”之意。anxious：强调因忧虑、关注或害怕而产生的急切心情。eager：侧重于急于成功的迫切心情。keen：强调因兴趣强烈或欲望而急于做某事。在此文中:“世界的年轻人都迫切地看到领导人在气候变化问题上采取行动并且提出了他们的问题。”想要表达的是全世界的年轻人迫切的希望领导人能迅速解决问题的心情，所以选用eager。
以上是我对联合国环境署亲善大使李冰冰在气候峰会的发言的简单性总结。通过分析，不仅让我了解到口译领域的难度与深度，也让我感受到了在把中文译成英文或英文译成中文需要注意的地方是很多的。口译与写文章不同的，口译需要注意语言的选择、时机是否恰当、记录的内容具有对发言人的讲话有高强度的概括性、记录的格式需醒目、易解读。
第四篇：商务英语口译期末
英语口译
一、篇章翻译抽取一部分内容有变化有录音，2min, 30%
尊敬的各位中美企业家，尊敬的各位来宾，女士们、先生们： 非常高兴出席今天在克里夫兰举办的中美贸易投资合作研讨会。
中美建交27年来，在中美双方的共同努力下，两国经贸合作迅猛增长。按中方统计，2005年双边贸易达到2,116亿美元，是建交时的86倍。目前美国是中国第二大贸易伙伴，中国是美国第三大贸易伙伴。//中国加入世贸组织以来的5年，是美对华出口增长最快的5年。2001至2005年，两国贸易额年均增长27.4%，美对华出口年均增长21.5％，2005年美对华出口额比2001年增长118％，是美对全球出口增幅的4.9倍，远高于美对其他所有主要出口市场的增长率，// 中国由2001年美第九大出口市场跃升为2005年的第四大出口市场，成为带动美出口增长的主要因素。/ 今年前10个月，美对华出口额接近500亿美元，超过去年全年的出口额，增幅达24%。如能保持这一增长势头，2007年中国有可能跃升为美国第三大出口市场。// 在双边贸易快速增长的同时，双向投资得到快速发展。美国是中国最大的外资来源地之一。截至2006年10月底，美在华累计投资设立企业51,352家，实际对华投入资金超过529亿美元。// 目前，中国已成为美国企业海外利润的主要来源地之一，2005年美在华投资企业实现利润总额约97亿美元。与此同时，美企业通过投资不断扩大在中国市场的占有份额，2005年在中国国内市场的销售额达770亿美元。//近年来，中国政府采取积极措施，推进有实力的中国企业到海外投资，截至2005年底，中国企业海外累计投资额约670亿美元，2005当年达70亿美元。// 与此同时，中国对美投资快速增长，截至2006年10月底，中国企业在美直接投资近30亿美元。目前，美国已成为中国企业“走出去”拓展海外业务的重要目的地之一。// 海尔、华为、中远、中石油、联想等不少中国知名企业在美取得良好业绩的同时，为解决当地就业、促进美国经济与社会发展作出了积极贡献。// 当然，也要看到，作为一个发展中国家，中国企业进行海外投资还缺乏经验。希望中国的企业家们充分学习和借鉴包括美国在内的众多跨国公司海外投资的成功经验，加强对外合作，在开拓国际业务方面取得新的进展。// 最后，再次感谢俄州及克里夫兰市对代表团给予的热情欢迎和周到的安排。感谢中美企业家的积极参与。祝中美贸易投资合作研讨会圆满成功！谢谢大家！//（中华人民共和国商务部副部长马秀红在中美贸易投资合作研讨会上的讲话节选，2006年12月）
二、对话英汉互译，40％，2.5min A: 欢迎光临浙江进出口商品交易会。我是上海技术进出口公司的销售部经理。
请问您对什么产品感兴趣？
B: We are very interested in the auto parts.I’d like to have your lowest quotation, CIF Seattle.If your prices are favorable, I can place the order right away.A: 您一定会觉得我们的价格很优惠。其他地方同类产品的价格最近几年涨幅很大，而我们的价格没有大的变化。
B: I’m glad to hear that.As I have just said, I hope to conclude some substantial business with you.A: 我们也很高兴。约翰斯先生，我们还能为您做点什么？
B: I would like to purchase some machine tools.What do you offer in this line? A: 我们提供各种类型的机床产品。这是上海生产的机床产品目录。
B: I think these are very impressive.Here are our specifications.Could you make us an offer, FOB Seattle? A: 这是我们的离岸价价目单。价格以我们最后确认的为准。
B: What about the commission? We usually get 3％ to 5% commission for imports from other countries.A: 原则上来说，我们不付佣金。但是如果订购量足够大的话可以考虑。
英语口译
B: Why, your prices are unreasonable.They’re almost 30% higher than last year’s.It would be impossible for us to make any sales if you don’t adjust your price.A: 约翰斯先生，您这样说，我很吃惊。您知道近几年劳动力和原材料成本增加了很多。
我们的报价是以成本和合理的利润为依据，不是漫天要价。
B: To my knowledge, many factories have been established to produce machine tools.We only ask that your prices be comparable with others.That’s reasonable, isn’t it? A: 但你们应该意识到我们工厂有多年生产机床产品的经验,所以我们的产品质量是优质的。
如果你们的购买量足够大，我们愿意降价2％。
B: I can’t deny the quality of your product.If that’s the case, there is hardly any need for further discussion.We might as well call the whole deal off.Can’t we find a price that is good for both sides? A: 我的意思是我们不可能把价格降到你方提出的标准。差距太大了。考虑到我们的产品质量，你会发现我们的价格是很有竞争力的。
B: I think it unwise for either of us to insist on his own price.Each will make a further concession so that business can be concluded.A: 那你的想法是？
B: Your unit price is $ 80 higher than we can accept.Mutual efforts would carry us a step forward.I suggest we meet each other half way.A: 你的意思是我们必须削价40美元吗？你们要得太多了，这样的话，我方就无利可图了。B: What do you suggest then? A: 我方最多能接受20美元降价。这是我们的底线了。
B: That will leave a gap of $20.Let us meet each other half way once more, then the gap will be closed and business will be done.A: 你确实很能说服人。好吧。
B: Sounds good.I’m glad that we’ve settled the price at last.
第五篇：口译期末复习整理
Unit 1 meeting and seeing-off 迎来送往
1、Our general manager asked me to come and meet you because he is chairing a meeting at this moment.He sends his warmest regards.我们总经理此时在主持一个会议，所以要我来接你们。他要我带他先向你们致意。
2、For your convenience and comfort, we accommodate you in one of the company’s villas for overseas visitors.It is located by the beach, overlooking the sea.It is only 20 minutes’ drive from our company.I am sure you will like it.考虑到你们的方便和舒适，我们把你们安顿在公司的外宾别墅。别墅在海边，俯瞰着大海。离公司只有20分钟。你们一定会喜欢的。
3、好极了，我喜欢视野开阔的房子。
That’s wonderful.I love living in a house with an open view.4、Just to confirm—you know that tomorrow’s meeting is set for 9:30 a.m.at our office.确定一下，你们知道明天的会议是早上9:30，地点在我们办公室。
5、Tomorrow evening at 7:oo we will host a reception dinner in your honor.By the way, are there any sights you’d like to see while you are here?
明天晚上7点还将设宴为你洗尘呢！对了，在此期间，你们是否想去参观一些地方？
6、看情况吧。如果一切顺利如愿的话，我很想留出一天时间观光。
Well, it depends!If anything comes out good and satisfactory, I’d leave a day for sightseeing.7、I’ll make some arrangements for this tour around.观光的事由我来安排。
8、我的行李都进去了，看来该说再见了。All my bags are checked in, I guess I’m all set to go.9、我们能在一个月内收到你们的第一批货，对吧？ So, we’ll be expecting the first shipment within a month?
10、我真的很感激你们的热情款待，也感谢你陪我观光这座城市。这次旅游非常有意义，也非常有收获。
I really appreciate all of your hospitality and you accompanying me on the tour around the city.It’s been a most interesting and rewarding trip.11、这是最后一次登机广播了。我们得说再见了。
There’s the last call for boarding.We must say goodbye now
向来访大学校长所致的欢迎词p11
1、Respected Mr.President First of all, please allow me, on behalf of the faculty and students of my university, to express our most sincere thanks and a warm welcome to your group for your visit to our university.尊敬的校长先生：
首先，请允许我代表我校全体师生对您的来访表示真诚的感谢和欢迎。
2、I feel very proud that we devote ourselves to the sacred cause of higher education.我也为我们共同从事高等教育这一神圣的事业而深感自豪。
3、Huangqing University has become a comprehensive university as it enters the 21st century.In retrospect, the University has undergone different stages of development。
华庆大学迄今已发展成为一所跨越21世纪的综合性大学。回顾过去，华庆大学经历了各个阶段的发展历史。
4、I hope that the two universities will further their cooperation and exchanges in the fields of scientific research, teaching and administration as to promote the development of both institutions and to strengthen the friendship between the two parties.我希望我们两校能在科研、教学和行政管理等领域加强协作以促进两校的发展，并增进双方的友谊。
5、Huangqing University is founded on the basis of the following three philosophical ideas, which will be continuously observed and put into practice.华庆大学创校的理念或教育的理想，有三项应该永久持续地坚持并实践之。
6、University should abide by the rule—Students First and Teachers First.Campus administration is the realization and performance of rendering service to people.大学要落实学生第一、教师优先、行政是服务之理念与作为。
Unit 2 礼仪致辞
Ceremonial Speeches
1、欢迎你们并感谢你们参加今天的晚宴。今天的宴会是为了答谢台州图书大厦网上书店项目的诸方参与者，为该项目所作出的艰苦努力。
I take great pleasure to welcome you and thank you for attending tonight’s dinner in recognition of the hard work that all parties concerned have contributed to the Taizhou Bookcenter Online Project.2、我谨代表康博公司，向台州市政府基础设施办公室、台州信息发展有限公司以及其他要人表示感谢，正是由于他们的支持和努力，我们才得以建立台州图书大厦网上书店项目创建过程中的一座座重要里程碑。
On behalf of Compag, I thank Taizhou Municipal Government Information Infrastructure Office and the Taizhou Information Highway Corporation as well as other dignitaries for their support and efforts that have led to the achievement of significant milestones towards the success of the Taizhou Bookcenter Online Project.3.1996年，我们公司跻身于世界计算机公司三强的行列。1998年，我们收购了数字设备公司，排名跃居世界第二。
In 1996, we became one of the top three computer companies in the world, and in 1998, with the acquisition of Digital Equipment Corporation, we became the second largest computer company in the world.4.如今，我们又建立了一项新的宏伟目标，那就是要成为互联网领域的领导者。And now we have set another ambitious goal—the Internet leadership.5、互联网和电子商务能够让我们和新的世界市场接轨，吸引新客户，而且颇具发展潜力。因此，通过电子商务发展自己的经济，对中国来说是一个巨大的机遇。中国不仅可以利用电子商务延伸自己与世界市场的接轨面，而且可以在中国国内加强组织和机构之间的有效联系。The Internet and E-commerce promise to reach out to new markets, to attract new customers, and to grow, which represents a tremendous opportunity for China to expand its economy through E-commerce not only by expanding the reach to global markets but also by building more efficient connections between organizations and institutions within China.6.我们期待者今后更长时间的互利合作关系。
We look forward to many more mutually beneficial years together in the future.Unit 3 Sightseeing 旅游观光
1、我叫Peter，我是今天的导游。我们现在去麦哈顿。大家知道，纽约市由五个区组成。I am Peter.I am the tour guide today.We are now on our way to Manhattan.Well, you know, New York City is composed of five boroughs ['bʌrə, 'bə:əu].2、曼哈顿位于曼哈顿岛上，面积约58平方公里，被视为纽约市的象征。
Manhattan is located on the Manhattan Island, covering about 58 square kilometers.It is taken as the symbol of New York City.3、现在，请告诉我，你们最感兴趣的是什么？最想看的是什么？
Now tell me, what you are most interested in and what you want to see most here?
4、自由女神像坐落在纽约港12英亩的自由岛上，是法国人民为庆祝美国独立100周年赠给美国人民的礼物。
The Statue of Liberty is located on 12-acre Liberty Island in New York Harbour, a gift from the
people of France to the people of the United States to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the independence of the USA.5、等到了那儿，你自己就可以亲眼目睹她的风采了。When we get there, you will see its spendor yourself.6、我想看帝国大厦。我在很多美国电影里面看到了。我觉得它非常浪漫。
I want to see the Empire State Building.I have seen it in many American movie.It looks so romantic to me.7、帝国大厦是纽约市的象征，也是纽约市最具吸引力的景点之一，每年游客达200多万人。The Empire State Building is a symbol of New York itself and one of the major attractions here.It is visited by more than 2 million tourists each year.8、帝国大厦地处曼哈顿中心，远离金融区和中城的摩天大楼，因而你能远眺四周的景色，这在麦哈顿是少有的。
The Empire State Building is situated in the center of Manhattan, away from the skyscraper clusters downtown in the financial district and midtown so this one of the few places in Manhattan where you have a great 360 degrees view.9、大厦高381米，有102层，过去有64个电梯，现增至73个。It is 381 meters high, 102 storeys, had 64 elevators, now 73.10、纽约市曾经被称为“充满犯罪的城市”，部分原因是成千上万的电视和电影造成的，这些电视和电影中的犯罪活动都是以纽约市为背景。
New York has had a reputation as a crime-ridden city, partly due to the hundreds of TV and movie crime dramas set in it.11、但由于麦哈顿倒是纽约的主要旅游区，纽约市的警察局已经采取了很多措施，以确保这座城市更安全。
But as Manhattan is the main tourist destination in the city, the New York Police Department have generated many schemes to make the City a safer place.12、在纽约市，你可以听到上百种语言。
Hundreds of languages are spoken in New York City.Unit 4 Business Negotiation 商务谈判
1、这一年对我们双方来说都是一个丰年呀。That’s a great year for both of us.2、我们销售的四种产品的总额去年已经达到20万美元。Total sales on the four models were US.$200,000 last year.3、毕竟是新产品嘛，要求太高也不现实。
It’s a new product, you know.How could you do better?
4、我们做过调查，那些地区的消费者对我们的产品很感兴趣，特别是在城市，因为城市里高收入人群的比例较高
Our reports indicate a great deal of interest in the products there, especially in cities that have a higher than average proportion of people in the higher income bracket.5、要让顾客放弃自己熟悉的产品，转而购买一种新的产品，幷不容易。It’s not easy to persuade customers to switch to a new product.6、不过现在我可以肯定地告诉你们，要是我们成为你们的中国代理，年销售量会翻一番。Right now I can tell you for sure that we could double the annual turnover as your agent in China.7、一份二年的代理期，佣金是多少？ What is the rate for a period of two years?
8、我觉得百分之十是不行的。
I feel 10 percent is really out of the question.9、为了打开局面，在上海以外的地区我们得做大规模的广告宣传。
A big advertising campaign will be needed to pave the way in the new areas outside Shanghai for the products.10、你刚才也说到，为了从其他厂家抢生意，要做大量的前期工作。
As you indicated just now, a lot of initial work has to be done to draw business away from other manufacturers.11、你们必须把广告费考虑在内。
You should take advertising expenses into account.12、我感觉佣金要达到百分之十五才行。What I have in mind is 15 percent.13、Tell you what, the best I can do is 12 percent for one year if your sales reach $400,000.那这样吧，如果销售额达到40万美元，我们最多给百分之十二。
Unit 5 business talk 商务洽谈
1.2.谈妥了订货量问题 have settled the question of quantity 这些汽车的保修期多长时间？6个月。What’s the period of warranty on these cars? It’s 6 months.3.给某人破例 make an exception in one’s case
4.So free repairs if any cars develop a fault within a one-year period.在一年内如果任何
5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.一辆车子出了问题，你们会免费维修。
车子一年后出了问题怎么办？ What happens if a car breaks down after a year? A special scheme 特别的维修方案
It’s $500 or so for a year’s cover.费用大概是每年500元。
进行现场维修 carry out any repairs on site 当日到达 come to your place the same day 那交货日期呢？What about the delivery time? 履行第二批订单 execute the second order 销售旺季the season for the cars in our market have a firm order with a 10% deposit确认订单，并交纳10%定金
我们会优先处理你们的订单We will give your order top priority...provided we receive the full amount in ten days from now如果十日内支付全部货款
他们通常的做法是什么？ What is their usual practice? We demand payment by confirmed ,irrevocable Letter of Credit payable against documents.我们要求可兑保的、不可撤销的即期跟单信用证。
18.托收、汇款和银行担保书 payment by collection, payment by remittance, or bankers’ letter of guarantee 19.Would it be possible for you to make an exception and accept D/A or D/P? 你们能否破例接受承兑交单或付款交单呢？
20.I’m afraid we cannot accommodate you.我恐怕不能破例。
21.将押金降低到最低限度 reduce the required deposit to a minimum amount 22.我会看看他们能降低多少。I’ll see what the best they can do.23.提单 Bills of Landing 24.发票an invoice 25.出口许可证an export license 26.保险单an insurance policy 27.产地证明a certificate of origin 28.检验证书a certificate of inspection 29.一式三份带签名的发票 a signed invoice in triplicate 30.保险单一式二份，投保金额为发票金额的120%
31.the insurance policy in duplicate, for the invoice value of the goods plus 20% 32.Let’s iron out the remaining details.谈谈其它细节问题。
a)Racing bicycles赛车
b)An indication of the prices参考价格 c)In fact, you’ll find your prices compare unfavorably with those of other makes.事实上，跟其它厂家的价格相比，你们在价格上没有优势可言。d)Large dealers大宗产品经营商
e)There’s a promising market in our areas for moderately priced bicycles of the models mentioned.如果价格适中，贵方赛车在我们的市场上将会有很大的销路 f)Slash your cost降低价格
33.Sign a contract at a 16% discount on your quoted prices(以你报价的八四折签约)a)The dominant makes（主流产品）
b)Price yourself out of the market（失去市场）c)Stick to one’s own price（坚持己见）
d)Let’s meet each other halfway so as to conclude the business.我们各让一半，生意就成交 了）
e)A structured deal阶段性协议 34.询价
inquiry a)订货量 order quantity b)轻型铝合金汽车 light aluminum alloy car c)售后服务 after-sales service d)配件 parts e)你觉得我们的价格太低吗？You think we should be asking for more? f)折扣的大小取决于订单的大小discount depends on the of the order g)订货量每增加200件，我们在降二个百分点。An additional 2% discount for each additional 200 pieces ordered h)i)j)k)l)
没什么赚头了I don’t know how we can make a profit with those numbers 低价low prices 恐怕没回旋余地—I’m afraid that we can’t make any further reduction.公司只能让到这个地步了。Our company cannot make any further concession.按实价打8折。Allow a special discount of 20%of net price
Unit 6 Culinary Culture 饮食文化
1、上海食物，从本质上来说简单，具有乡土味，充分利用了丰富的自然原料。上海烹饪讲究清谈、自然和新鲜。上海的饮食文化基本上受两大因素的影响：上海的地理环境和外来影响。
Shanghai food, at its heart, is a simple, rustic cuisine which makes the best use of the most naturally abundant ingredients.The emphasis in Shanghai cooking is on light, natural flavors and freshness.Two basic influences have driven the development of Shanghai cuisine: the unique geography of Shanghai, international influences.2、上海人靠大海提供基本蛋白质。在当今的菜单上鱼和其它海鲜仍然占据主要地位。墨鱼和鱿鱼最受青睐，可用很多方式来做，可烤、可炒还可清炖。
People rely on the sea to provide the essential proteins.Fish and other seafood still play a dominant role in contemporary Shanghai bill of fare.Cuttlefish and squid are very popular and prepared in a number of ways: grilled, stir-fried, and as an ingredient of stews.3、排在海鲜后第二位的当数鸡肉了。在上海，人们也吃牛肉、猪肉和羊肉，但不像吃鱼或吃鸡肉那么频繁，量也没有那么大。
After seafood, chicken is the second most popular meat.Beef, pork and lamb are eaten but not with as much regularity nor in the same volume as with either seafood or chicken.4、上海有日本的味噌(一种作为营养作料的发过酵的咸豆腐)和刺身。在上海也可以看到世
界各地的食物。到处都有经营美国汉堡包、意大利比萨饼、日本的刺身、瑞士的干酪的餐馆，应有尽有。所有这些把上海变成了名副其实的美食家的乐园。
We have kept the Japanese “miso”-fermented soybean paste used as a nutrition flavoring and sashimi.Other foreign foods all over the world have also made their appearance in Shanghai, and the city is now filled with eateries serving American hamburgers, Italian pizza, Japanese sashimi, Swiss fondue, and just about everything else.All of these make Shanghai a veritable paradise for gourmands.5、这样做出来的菜形式简单，但其味无穷。
The resulting dishes thus make Shanghai cuisine simple in format yet complex in experience.6、上海菜肴据说源自中国南方数省。它没有西部的四川菜那么辛辣，但比北方的菜肴辛辣。除了常用的酱油、米酒和芝麻油外，上海才需要加大量的佐料，如黑豆、腌萝卜、花生、辣椒、芹菜等。
It is said that Shanghai cuisine originated in several provinces in the South of China.But on the whole, Shanghai cuisine is different from that of other provinces.It tends to be less spicy than Szechuan in the west but more spicy than food from Northern China.In addition to the ever-present soysauce, rice wine and sesame oil, Shanghai cuisine relies on an abundant array of seasonings for flavor: black beans, pickled radishes, peanuts, chili peppers, parsley.7、在上海，有些最好吃的东西不是在大饭馆里，而是在街边的夜市里。
Some of the best Shanghai food is not found in restaurants, rather it should be enjoyed on the street at the many night markets.8、最大的、最有名的夜市一般从晚上7点左右一直开到午夜，如黄浦区的云南南路就很值得一看。
The largest and most established night markets generally get started at around 7 p.m.and go on until about midnight, for example, the Yunnan South street market in Huangpu District is well worth a visit.9、这臭豆腐闻着臭，吃起来香，将之小块油炸，外表酥脆内层鲜嫩，再淋些酱油、醋、蒜汁撒上葱花加上一些腌制的泡菜，便是一盘又香又酥的臭豆腐。
This bean curd smells bad but tastes delicious.It is usually in bite-size, fried to get a crisp outside and tender inside, served with some seasonings of soy sauce, vinegar, garlic oil, chopped green onion and pickled root vegetables.Now you can get a plate of delicious and crisp smelly bean curd.Unit 7 Fashion and Trend
1、今天我们就来瞧一瞧这是什么新鲜玩意儿。
Today we’ll have a glimpse of this new stuff.2、It simply wasn’t done in his day.在他父亲的时代，的确没人这样做。
3、Determined to learn leadership skills and ways of handling the rising stress she has felt at the helm of a growing business, Laura has sought professional advice “to help me get more balance”.劳拉掌管着一家蒸蒸日上的企业，她感到了与日剧增的压力，决定要学习领导策略和应付压力的方法。为此，她一直在寻求专家的建议“以帮助自己获得更大的心态平衡。”
4、Into this stormy scene steps the flock of service providers, offering shelter from the rain and hail of uncertainty and inadequacy , including the “life coaches”.各种各样的服务从业者蜂涌般出现在这场疾风暴雨之中—为那些由于迷惘和无力而挣扎于风雨飘摇之中的人们提供避风港—其中就包括“生活顾问”。
5、And that’s not what it’s all about.而它的意义并不是这一点。
6、Life or stress coaches, career counselors, financial advisers, household managers, space organizers…myriad small businesses are cropping up to help you to help yourself.生活顾问或压力顾问、职业咨询人、金融顾问、家政管理员、空间设计师。。无数的小行当正应运而生，来帮助你自助。
7、While there’s no way of knowing how many Westerners are paying for some kind of personal development or advice, the anecdotal evidence is that it’s rising quickly.虽然目前还无法了解有多少人在花钱寻求某种个人发展或获取某种建议，但据传闻，其人数正迅速上升。
8、And it is no coincidence that these people turn to professional consultants as a way of coping with the change and stress.而这些人请职业顾问来帮助他们应付变化和压力并不是巧合。
9、According to the analysis of some experts, demand for such support services is the result of all the major post-war social upheavals-technology, feminism, longer work hours, family and neighborhood breakdown, more transient jobs and mobile lives, and the sheet speed of change.一些专家分析，这种援助服务的需求是战后所有重大的社会巨变的综合作用的结果—技术的发展、女权运动、工作时间的延长、家庭和邻居关系的破裂、易逝的工作、飘忽不定的生活，以及极快的变化速度。
10、Whatever other good they have brought, each one has stolen time and security.无论这些已给人们带来什么样的其他好处，它们都会占据人们的时间。
11、What’s more, there are many social upheavals following us home.更重要的是，有许多社会巨变随我们走进了家庭。
12、Moving more between jobs, we also move more, letting relationships slide and isolating ourselves from traditional support networks.在不断变换工作的同时，我们也不断搬家，这些各种关系日渐疏远，使我们自己与传统的援助关系网相隔绝。
13、Friends go far and wide.朋友们各奔东西。
14、It’s common for families to break or drift apart.家庭关系破裂或逐渐疏远屡见不鲜。
15、With more women in paid work, the traditional pisions of responsibility are also redundant.由于越来越多的妇女出去挣钱，传统的家务分工也就失去意义。
16、Yet the housework, and many other unloved labors, still have to be done and the children cared for.然而，家务及其他一些烦人的活还得干，孩子也要人照看。
17、In the end even the change itself, stressful and time-consuming as it is, urges us to call in help.最后，即使这种变化既给人压力又消耗时间，她本身也敦促我们请求别人帮助。
18、Modern solutions to modern problems in a modern society, our advisers give us an oasis of order in our lives when we often feel out of control.对于现代社会里的现代问题，就要有现代的解决方式—当我们在生活中常常感到失控时，我们的顾问就会给我们一片秩序的绿洲。
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