谈名词单复数的一般规律

第一篇：谈名词单复数的一般规律

谈名词单复数的一般规律

1．名词复数的规则变化情况? 构成方法读音例词

一般情况加-s 清辅音后读／s ／ map－maps 浊辅音和元音加-s 后读／z／ bag －bags car －cars 以s，sh，ch，x等结尾加-es 读／iz／ bus －buses watch-watches 以ce，se，ze等结尾加-s 读／iz／ license －licenses 以辅音字母＋y结尾变y为i再加-es 读／z ／ baby －babies 2．其它名词复数的规则变化

1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加-s变复数。例如： two Marys the Henrys monkey-monkeys holiday-holidays。2）以o结尾的名词，变复数时：

a．加-s，如：photo-photos piano-pianos radio-radios zoo-zoos； b．加-es，如：potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes；

c．上述a和b两种方法均可，如： zero-zeros ／zeroes。3）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：

a．加-s，如：belief-beliefs roof-roofs safe-safes gulf-gulfs； b．去f，fe加-ves，如：

half-halves knife-knives leaf-leaves wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives thief-thieves；

c．上述a和b两种方法均可，如： handkerchief：handkerchiefs ／handkerchieves。

3．名词复数的不规则变化

1)child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women 注意：由一个词加man或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men和-women，如two Englishmen。但 German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2）单复数同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese，li，jin，yuan，mu，等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：two dollars，ten pence（penny的复数形式）。

3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： people，police，cattle等。不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle。the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss等表示国民总称时，作复数用，如：The Chinese are industrious and brave．中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a．maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。b．news为不可数名词。

c．the United States，the United Nations应视为单数。例如： The United Nations was organized in 1945．联合国是 1945年组建起来的。d．以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、报纸名、杂志名，也应视为单数。例如： “The Arabian Nights”is a very interesting story-book．《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses（眼镜），trousers，clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）；suit（套）。例如：a pair of glasses；two pairs of trousers等。4．不可数名词量的表示 1）物质名词

a．当物质名词转化为个体名词时，可数。

? 比较：Cake is a kind of food．蛋糕是一种食物。（不可数）? These cakes are sweet．这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）b．当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如： ? This factory produces steel．（不可数）? We need various steels．（可数）c．当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：

? Our country is famous for tea．我国因茶叶而闻名。? Two teas，please．请来两杯茶。

2）抽象名词表示具体的事物时也可数。例如： ? four freedoms四大自由

? the four modernizations四个现代化

? 物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表示一定的数量，如a glass of water一杯水／a piece of advice一则建议。5．定语名词的复数

? 名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。1）用复数作定语。例如： ? sports meeting?运动会

? students reading-room?学生阅览室 ? talks table?谈判桌

? the foreign languages department 外语系

2）man，woman，gentleman 等作定语时，其单复数依所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如：

? men workers women teachers gentlemen officials 3）有些以s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如： ? goods train 货车 arms production 武器生产 ? customs papers 海关文件 clothes brush 衣刷

4）数词＋名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如： ? two dozen eggs?两打鸡蛋 ? a ten-mile walk十英里路 ? two hundred trees两百棵树 ??a five-year plan一个五年计划 6．名词的单复数在意义上的不同

? 有些名词从单数形式变为复数形式时，可以有特别的意义。现把较为常见的这类名词列举如下：

1）advice 忠告??advices 通知 2）air 空气??? airs 摆架子 3）brain 脑??? brains 头脑 4）color 颜色?? colors 军旗 5）cloth 布??? clothes 衣服 6）corn 玉米???corns 鸡眼

7）custom?风俗习惯? customs 海关 8）damage 损害?? damages损害赔偿费 9）effect 效果?? effects 财物

10）experience 经验??experiences 经历 11）force 武力?? forces?军队 12）good 好处???goods 货物 13）green 绿色?? greens 青菜 14）iron 铁irons?脚镣手铐

15）letter 字母，信??letters 文学，学问 16）manner 态度，方式 manners 礼貌

17）quarter 一刻钟，四分之一? quarters?住处，营房 18）ruin 毁灭ruins 废墟 19）time?时间??? times 时代 20）work 工作works 著作

单复数相同 sheep 绵羊

deer 鹿

fish 鱼

Chinese中国人

Japanese 日本人

第二篇：英语名词单复数变化规律

英语中名词可分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词在应用时有单数和复数形式。表示一个用单数，表示两个或两个以上用复数。复数名词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化。名词复数的规则变化：

1.大多数名词在词尾加-s（在清辅音后读[s]，在浊辅音及元音后读[z]。）

cat—cats bag—bags day—days lake-lakes dog-dogs 2.以 s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词在词尾加-es, 读作[iz] class—classes match—matches dish-dishes church--churches 3.以辅音字母 y 结尾的名词把 y 变成 i, 加-es, 读作[iz] city—cities factory—factories party—parties

但专有名词例外，直接在 y后加-s，读作[z]Germany—Germanys.4.以辅音字母 o结尾的名词一般直接加-es , 读作[z] potato—potatoes tomato—tomatoes hero—heroes

某些外来词，加 –s，读作[z]。如photo—photos piano—pianos kilo—kilos studio—studioes

以元音字母 o 结尾的名词直接加-s, 但读作[z] zoo—zoos radio—radios

5.以 f 或fe结尾的名词, 将 f 或fe变为 v, 再加-es,读作[z] leaf—leaves wife—wives knife—knives

有的直接加-s, 读作[z] roof—roofs

有些词两种形式都可以 handkerchief--handkerchiefs—handkerchieves 6.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i es baby—babies family—families 以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s boy—boys toy—toys 名词复数的不规则变化

1.child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women。

如： an Englishman，two Englishmen.但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。2.单复同形如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars;a meter, two meters

3.集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说 a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如： The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。4.以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：

a.maths，politics，physics等学科名词，为不可数名词，是单数。b.news 是不可数名词。

c.the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。

d.以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。“The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book.<<一千零一夜>>是一本非常有趣的故事书。

5.表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses(眼镜)trousers, clothes 若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双);suit(套);a pair of glasses;two pairs of trousers

6.另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters水域，fishes（各种）鱼

第三篇：名词单复数

1.We are ________(student).2.I have five ________(watch).3.Her father is a ________(doctor).4.What’s your ______(job)? 5.What are their ________(job)? 6.These _________(shelf)are not very good.7.Two ________(wolf)are in the forest.8.The ____________(housewife)are very lazy.9.I have two ________(knife).Do you need one? 10.There is a _______(hero).11.This _______(potato)is very nice.12.There is a red _________(tomato)on the table.13.We have four ________(piano)in our school.用单词的适当形式填空

1、There are four_____(apple)on the ground.2、There are five _____(bird)in the tree.3、I have three _____(eraser).4、There is one _____(cap)on the desk.5、I have two _____(pencil box).6、There are nine _____(dish)on the plate.3/4

7、There are two _____(boy)in our classroom.8、There are so many _____(leaf)on the tree.9、There are fifteen _____(knife).10、There are six _____(candy)in the in the jar.写出下列句子的复数句子。1.This is my friend.2.That is his brother.3.Is this your sister? 4.Is that her cousin? 5.What’s this?

6.This is an apple tree.7.It is an old backpack.

第四篇：名词单复数

一、名词

名词可以分为可数名词与不可数名词，其中可数名词具有单、复数的形式；而不可数名词没有复数形式。

1.从单数复数，变形规则如下：

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families（家庭）, strawberry-strawberries（草莓）

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman（男警察）-policemen, policewoman（女警察）-policewomen, mouse-mice child（孩子）-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, sheep（羊）-sheep people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese,当people后加上s时即peoples表示“民族”例如：There are 56 peoples in China.中国有56个民族。2.以下词为常为不可数名词，他们的复数形式就是他们本身。

Water(水)milk(牛奶)tea(茶)rice(米饭)orange（橙汁）juice（果汁）bread（面包）练习题写出下列各词的复数

I _________this ___________that___________ watch _______child _______photo ________diary _________ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ______________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____________ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich _______________ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice____________________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea_______________-注意be 动词遇到名词时的运用: 单数名词用is, 复数名词全用are.名词单复数讲解及练习名词单复数

（1）名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，不可数名词没有单复数，一律看作单数。（2）可数名词的单数前什么时候用a，什么时候用an？答：以元音音标（或音素）开头的用an。以辅音音标（或音素）开头的用a。注意：我们看的是音标（或音素），而不是元音字母。

一、选择a或an或不填（用/表示）pen bag apple big apple banana orange oranges orange pen（3）可数名词的变化规则：

① 般在词尾加s，如：books，bags，fruits。加s之后的读音②以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，③以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es，读[iz]；以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接在词尾加s。

② 如：baby —— babies ③ ④以f、fe结尾的名词变f、fe为ves,如：wolf [wulf] 狼——wolves wife（妻子）— life（生命）— knife —

④ ⑤以o结尾的名词加es 的有：如：zoo——zoos photo——photos（4）名词复数的不规则变化：

⑤ man—men男人 woman[wumEn]—women [5wimin] 女人tooth [tu:W]—teeth [ti:W] 牙齿 foot [fut]—feet [fi:t] 脚，英尺 goose [gu:s]—geese [gi:z] 鹅 mouse [maus] —mice [mais] 老鼠 ⑥ ②child [tFaild]—children [5tFildrEn] 孩子 ③单复同形的名词有：

⑦ chinese [5tFaini:z] 中国人Japanese [7dVApE5ni:z]日本人 sheep [Fi:p] 绵羊 deer [diE] 鹿 fish [fiF] 鱼

⑧ 注意：fish①当一条鱼讲时，单复数同形，如three fish.②当各种各样的鱼讲时，即强调鱼的种类时，要加es.⑨ 如：all kinds[kaindz] of fishes.各种各样的鱼 ③当鱼肉讲时，不可数。

一、名词复数规则

⑩ 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ⑪ 2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5．不规则名词复数：

⑫ man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children ⑬ foot-feet,.tooth-teeth ⑭ fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese ⑮

⑯ 1.I have two_____(knife)⑰ 2.There are many _____ here.(box)⑱ 3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)⑲

兔儿们，元宵节就要到了，Happy the Lantern Festival!元宵节快乐呀，代我向你们全家问好。the Lantern Festival（元宵节）。

⑳ 今天我们一起来回顾一下，名词复数形式的变化规则； 1.大多数情况下，直接加s 21 2.以 s x sh ch结尾的名词变复数，加es 22 3.以 f fe 结尾的名词变复数，把 f fe 变为ves.23 4.以辅音字母加y 结尾的名词变复数，把y 变 i 再加es.例如，family 以辅音字母l 加y 结尾，所以复数形式为families, 24 boy也是以y 结尾的，但它是以元音字母o加y结尾的，所以复数形式为boys 5.有些以字母o 结尾的名词变复数加es,例tomatoes,potatoes 6.还有一些不规则变化的，需要同学们分清记牢。如sheep——sheep，child------children Text 1 名词（总分100分）

一、请写出下列词的复数形式,没有复数形式的请划出 /。(1’*50=50’)city _____ _zoo ______country _____ tooth ____ mouse __ boy____________ broom ___________car ____ tree ______horse ______ bus______________ fox _____ branch ____ baby _____ family _____ country _____ radio _____ photo _____ piano _____ knife _____ leaf _____ life _____ thief _____ _man _____ woman _____ child ___ foot this _____________ watch___________diary____________day____________ book____________ dress____________ sheep___________tea_____________box___________ strawberry_________ peach__________sandwich__________paper_________ juice__________water____________ milk___________ rice__________ people CD ox___________deer____________fish___________

二、单项选择(1’*10=10’)()1.The __ in our yard are very beautiful.A.cloth B.water C.flowers()2.Tom is one of the Chinese _____ in our school.A.boy B.boys C.boies()3.A cat has four ____ , doesn't it? A.foots B.feet C.feets()4.There are three ____ and five _____ in the room.A.American, Japanese B Americans, Japanese C.American, Japanese()5.Can you see nine ____ in the picture? A.fish B.book C.horse()6.The _____ has two______.A.boy;watch B.boy;watches C.boys;watch()7.The _____ are flying back to their country.A.Germany B.Germanys C.Germans()8.The girl brushes her _____ every day before he goes to bed.A.tooths B.teeth C.teeths()9.I saw many _____ in the street.A.peoples B.people C.people’s()10.The green sweater is his _________.A.brother B.brothers C.brother’s

三、选择填空(1’*10=10’)()1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys()2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato()3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher()4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters()5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany()6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes pencil-boxes B.knives pencils-box C.knives pencil-box D.knives pencils-boxes()7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling()8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples()9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs()10.My uncle has three _______.A.child B.childs C.children D.childrens 四.填入所给名词的正确形式(2’*10=20’)1.I have two____________(knife)2.There are many ___________ here.(box)3.There are many ___________ on the road.(bus)4.A few ___________ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The ______________ are playing football now.(child)6.Please take two _______________ for me.(photo)7.I like the red ________________.(tomato)8.Would you please clean your _____________ now?(tooth)9.Do you want some _________?(milk)10.There are ten __________ _________in our school.(woman teacher)

二、练习题。<一>、写出下列名词的复数形式

1、orange

2、class

3、text

4、monkey

5、piano

6、child

7、shelf

8、bed

9、country

10、family

11、toy

12、foot

13、Japanese

14、radio

15、photo

16、army

17、tomato

18、fox

19、woman 20、knife

22、sheep <二>、选择填空

1、There on the wall.They are very beautiful.A.are photoes B.are photos C.is a photo D.is photos 2.This kind of car made in Shanghai.A.is B.are C.were D.has 3.There are four and two in the group.A.Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C.Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4.That’a art book.A.an B.a C.the D are 5.The boys have got already.A.two bread B.two breads C.two pieces of bread D.two piece of bread 6.The old man wants.A.six boxes of apples B.six boxes of apple C.six box of apples D.six boxs of apples 7.There some in the river.A.is ,fish B.are, fishs C.is, fishs D.are ,fish 8.There two in the box.A.is watch B.are watches C.are watch D.is watches 9.We should clean twice a day.A.our tooth B.our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth 10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers 11.In Britain _____ are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box 1）选择填空 1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters 5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany 6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling 8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples 9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 2）.填入所给名词的正确形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)1

1．bag _______ 2．orange _______ 3．family _______ 4．wish _______ 5．shelf _______ 6．knife _______ 7．key _______ 8．baby _______ 9．tooth _______ 10．foot _______ 11．woman _______ 12．sheep _______ 13．Japanese _______ 14．potato _______ 15．radio _______ 16．child _______ 17．fish _______ 18．photo _______ 19．Frenchman _______ 20．man doctor _______ 21.watch _______ 22.bus _______ 23.sheep _______ 24.foot _______ 2）选择填空 1.They come from different ______ A.country B.countries C.a country D.countrys 2.How many ______ do you see in the picture? A.tomatos B.tomatoes C.tomato D.the tomato 3.They are______.A.woman teachers B.women teachers C.women teacher D.woman teacher 4.Would you like _______ ,please? A.two glass of water B.two glasses of water C.two glass of waters D.two glasses of waters 5.Most of ______ live in _______.A.Germans, German B.German, Germen C.Germen, Germany D.Germans, Germany 6.There are some ______ in these _______.A.knifes…pencil-boxes B.knives…pencils-box C.knives…pencil-box D.knives…pencils-boxes 7.______ like ______ by air.A.Greens, travelling B.The Green, traveling C.The Greens, travel D.The Greens, traveling 8.I wonder why ______ are interested in action films(武打片).A.the people B.people C.peoples D.the peoples 9.There is no ______ in the plate.A.apples B.oranges C.rice D.eggs 10._______ are good for our health.A.Tomatos B.Tomatoes C.Tomato 11.I like to eat cake with ______.A.cherries B.cherry C.cherrys 12.______ and ______ are not friends.A.Foxs…wolfs B.Foxes…wolfs C.Foxes…wolves 13.These are the ______ of our national ______.A.photos … heroes B.photoes … heroes C.photos … heros 14.The ______ are running on the ______.A.deer … grasses B.deers … grass C.deer … grass 15.I was so hungry and I ate two ______.A.bowls of noodle B.bowls of noodles C.bowl of noodles 3）.填入所给名词的正确形式 1.I have two_____(knife)2.There are many _____ here.(box)3.There are many _____ on the road.(bus)4.A few _____ are drawing on the wall.(boy)5.The _____ are playing football now.(child)4）请用括号中名词的复数形式填空 Look at those _______.(child)2 I can see a __________ standing near the door.(policeman)3 Do you want some ________ for dinner?(potato)4 In autumn, you can see a lot of _______ on the ground.(leaf)5 He has two _______.One is blue , the other is yellow.(box)6 Two ________ live in this building.(family)5）选择正确的词形 1 How many(radioes, radios)can you see? 2 There are 36(boys, boies)in my class.3 Look at those(sheeps, sheep).4 I don’t want(a, an)old cup.5 Give me that(box, boxes), please.6）将以下单复数句进行转换 1 This is a knife.______________________________________ 2 That is a tomato.______________________________________ 3 That child is very good._____________________________________ 4 These are mice.______________________________________ 5 Those are children.______________________________________

1、I want three white paper.A、pieces B、piece of C、pieces of

2、Do you want to drink much ? A、a milk B、milk C、milks

3、This is room.It’s very big.A、Lily and Lucy’s B、Lily’s and Lucy’s C、Lily’s and Lucy

4、We visited house yesterday.A、Tom B、Toms C、Tom’s

5、Do you want some for supper? A、a potato B、potatoes C、potatos

6、In autumn，you can see a lot of on the ground.A、leaf B、leafs C、leaves

7、My sister has two.One is old，the other is new.A、a watch B、watchs C、watches

8、Best wishes to you for Day!A、Teacher’s B、Teachers’ C、Teacher

9、Many children like to go to the Palace on Sunday.A、Children B、Children’s C、Childrens’ 第一部分：

1.There are some ________ on the hill.A.sheeps B.a sheep C.sheep D.sheepes 2.Mr Black often gives us ________ by Email.A.some good information B.some good informations C.good informations D.a good information 3.There are some new books in the school library.They are ____ books.A.child B.childrens' C.children D.children's 4.I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new ________.A.pair B.one C.ones D.trousers 5.Meimei's handwriting is better than any other ______ in his class.A.students B.students C.student's D.students' 6.The hospital is a bit far from here.It's about _______.A.forty minutes's walk B.forty minute's walk C.forty minutes walk D.forty minutes' walk 7.How many _____ are there in your class ?

A.Japanese B.American C.Australian D.Canadian 8.I found my black cat in_____ room.A.Jim and Mike B.Jim and Mike's C.Jim's and Mike's D.Jim's and Mike 9.How much are the _____ ? A.bread B.meats.C.potatos D.tomatoes 10.There are many ______ in our school.A.woman teachers B.woman's teachers C.women teachers D.women's teachers 11.Three months ________ a long time for me.A.is B.are C.have D.has 12.There are ______ and ______ on the table.A.two boxes cake;four bottle of oranges B.two boxes cake;four bottle of orange C.two boxes of cakes;four bottles of orange D.two box of cakes;four bottles of oranges 第二部分

1.All the _____teachers and______students are having a meeting there.A.women …girls B.women… girl C.woman…girls D.woman…girl

2.Mr Black is a friend of _________.A.Jack's aunt's B.Jack's aunt C.Jack aunt's D.aunt's of Jack 3.This toy was made by a ____ boy.A.ten-year-old B.ten-years-old C.ten-year-older D.ten-years-older 4.The farmer raised ten _________.A.sheeps B.deers C.horse D.cows 5.She looked at us sadly with her eyes as large as_________.A.her grandmother B.her grandmother's C.her grandmothers' D.that of her grandmother 6.We have moved into a ________.A.two-storey house B.house of two storey C.two-storeys house

第五篇：名词的单复数

名词的单复数

Grammar:名词的数

一、名词分可数名词和不可数名词 1可数名词

个体名词都是可数名词。每个可数名词都有其单数和复数形式。

A.单数:表示“一个”的概念。用名词的单数时，名词前需加a或an。如a book（一本书）、a river（一条河）、an apple（一个苹果）、an orange（一个橘子）等。

B.复数:表示两个或两个以上的物体。如two pens（两枝钢笔）、three days（三天）、three cities（三个城市）等。

复数形式的构成有两种：规则名词复数形式的构成和不规则名词复数形式的构成。具体见下表。

a.规则名词复数形式的构成

词形特点变为复数形式的构成方法例词

大多数名词在词尾加-s。（在清辅音后读[s]，在浊辅音及元音后读[z]。）cat——catsbag——bagsday——days 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词在词尾加-es,读作[iz]。class——classesmatch——matches 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词把y变成i,加-es,读作[iz]city——cities 以o结尾的名词有些直接加-es,读作[z]（口诀“黑人英雄喜欢土豆西红柿”）;Negro—Negroes, hero—heroes, potato—potatoes, tomato——tomatoes其它直接加-s,读作[z]zoo——zoos radio——radios photo——photos piano——pianos 大多数要将f或fe变为v,再加-es,读作[z]leaf——leaveswife——wives 有些以f或fe结尾的名词有的直接加-s,读作[z]roof——roofs

b.不规则名词复数形式的构成

1)通过变形 man——men foot——feet tooth——teeth mouse——mice（老鼠）child——children

2)单复数形式相同a sheep——two sheep, a deer——two deer（鹿）a fish—two fish(注意fish如果加s，则表示种类，two fishes 两种鱼)

3)专有名词复数（一般是指哪国人）

a Chinese—two Chinese，a Japanese—two Japanese，an Englishman—two Englishmen，a Frenchman—two Frenchmen, an Arab—two Arabs, 口诀（中日不变，英法变，其它后面加s）

4).复合名词复数形式的构成

组成部分均为表示人的主体词各组成部分都要变为复数形式woman doctor（女医生）——women doctorman servant（男仆）——men servants 其它只要把后面的主体次变为复数即可：a boy seller—two boy seller, a girl waiteress—two girl waitresses

5)只有复数形式的名词: 由相同两部分组成的物体的名称scissors（剪刀）trousers（裤子）glasses（眼镜）shorts（短裤）某些动名词savings（积蓄）belongings（所有物）

2不可数名词

表示无法分清个体的名词。不过，有些词在汉语中可数，在英语中却不可数。例如：news（新闻）、furniture（家具）、bread（面包）等。此类不可数名词要表示“一”这个概念时，需用其它方式表达，如a piece of news，a piece of furniture，a loaf of bread等。

一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，通常没有复数形式。

二、使用名词单复数应注意的事项

(1)有些名词加s形式表示特殊的意义，如times时代，goods货物，greens蔬菜等。

(2)work, paper等一些词：表示工作时（work）是不可数，表示著作（a new work,works）是可数，如：a new work一个新作品，the works of him他的全部作品。

表示纸（paper）不可数，表示论文，试卷，报纸时（a paper, papers）是可数, 如：a daily paper 一份日报，paper表示供阅读的一张一张的“报纸”，是规则的可数名词。如：Give me some papers to read.给我几张报纸读。When I entered he was reading a paper.我进来时他在读报纸。exam papers 试卷 a paper on his research他的研究论文。

(3)有些名词看上去是复数，其实是单数，如表示学科的名词physics,politics,mathematics，再如news等。

（4）有些名词看上去是单数，其实是复数（这一类大多是集体名词），如：people, police, family, team

a.people泛指“人们/人民”时是集体名词，表复数概念;作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式 e.g.There are a lot of people at the meeting.(不能用is)Many people go there only for fun.(不能用comes)

people指“民族”时,可以有单，复数形式(可以写成peoples)e.g.The Chinese people is a hardworking and brave one.中国人民是一个勤劳勇敢的民族.The peoples of Africa are awakening.非洲各族（国）人民在觉醒.另外: people着重全体,指“人们”之意时,可以说some people , many people,不能说two people person着重个人方面,可以说one person, two persons

b.family做家庭讲时有单复数，一个家庭用a family,许多家庭用many families, 如：There are many families on the beach.。做全体家人讲时，family本身就是一个整体，代表的是复数，后面的谓语动词用复数形式, 如：All my family are very honest.c.team等用单数或复数动词都可以；如果认为这个词表示的是一个群体或单位,可用单数动词： Our team is the best．我们这个队是最好的。如果认为它表示的是这个队的所有成员,就用复数动词： Our team are wearing their new jerseys．我们这个队的队员们都穿着新运动衫。

有些人对名词数的概念不很清楚，对数目词（expressions of number）和数量词（expressions of quantity）也有些混乱，结果把数目词用在不可数名词之前或随意在不可数名词后面加上复数词尾“-s”，这些都是语法上的错误。例如：

(1)Our workshop has ordered some new equipments from Germany.虽然有些人把equipment（配备）当成可数名词，但是它是不可数的，不可有“-s”。(2)My teacher gave me some sound advices.应该是“advice”。(3)Do you have any special informations for me?“Information”才对。(4)Most furnitures in my house are made of wood.应该是“furniture...is...”(5)Today,I have many new works to do.必须是“a lot of new work”才是。

(6)Our foreign students have made great progresses in their studies.“Progress”（进步）不可数；不可有“-es”。

(7)All his money are kept in the bank.“Money”（金钱）属不可数名词；动词要单数的“is”。上述这类有关不可数名词的错误，极为普遍既然如此，要怎样避免这种错误呢？.首先，必须牢记不可数名词绝对没有复数形式。其次，随时准备些数量词，如“much/little/some/a little/a lot of/plenty of”等，以便在必要时和不可数名词连用。最后，谨记：谓语动词必须和主语的数目一致。既然不可数名词没有复数形式，那么谓语动词若是简单现在时态（simple present tense），现在进行时态（present continuous tense）或现在完成时态（present perfect tense）的话，就必须以单数形式出现。例如：

(1)Bread is sold in coffee shops and supermarkets.(2)His luggage is somewhere at the railway station(3)Some money is being used to help the poor.(4)The information required includes personal particulars and the present salary.(5)A lot of time has been spent on this project.